LESSON 8

JUDGING THE
VALIDITY OF
THE EVIDENCE
LISTENED TO
LET’S PLAY
OR
TERMS TO REMEMBER

Validity
the quality of being
logically or factually sound;
soundness or cogency.
TERMS TO REMEMBER

Evidence
the available body of facts or
information indicating
whether a belief or
proposition is true or valid.
 Digital era has given way to rapid
explosion of information in different
media and platforms as it travels as
fast as speed of light. As you are
confronted to rely your data based on
the materials that you’ve read or listened to, it is
an integral task to filter or judge the truthfulness
of the material as the online world is infested with
millions of fake news/data.
 GUIDE 1.Which of the two statements
may gain your favor? That of
Juan or Marites? State your
reasons.
2.What are the specific factors
that make your chosen
statement more valid or
QUESTIONS reliable?
 GUIDE 1.Which of the two statements
may gain your favor? That of
Juan or Marites? State your
reasons.
2.What are the specific factors
that make your chosen
statement more valid or
QUESTIONS reliable?
 As technology has become
commercialized and everyone can
create and upload various
information on the internet,
validity and reliability of those can
be compromised and misleading.
 Here are some points that we should take into
consideration to check the validity and reliability of
information:
Who is the author of the source?

How did the source get its

information?
What if the source you've found
doesn't have references?
 Who is the author of the source?

This question points out the credentials of the

author. Is he or she a recognized expert in the field?
Are they representing an organization? If so, what is
the organization's mission and goals? If you're still
unsure, try browsing the internet on the author or
the organization he or she belongs.
 How did the source get its
information?
This question refers to references used in the
source. Look at a few of the references. Do they look
like reliable sources of information? Does it look like
the author is citing the source correctly? Use your
best judgment in validating.
 What if the source you've found
doesn't have references?
This question pertains to further checking the
validity of the source. See if you can fact-check the
information in other ways. For instance, if you're
looking at a news article that quotes experts in a
field, browse the internet on the expert's name and
see what other information you can find on him or
her.
 Author of the source
According to DOH Region IV-A Director Paula
Paz N. Sydiongco, a total of 56, 821 patients
have already recovered from the virus in
CALABARZON. There were only 5, 521 active
cases and are currently undergoing treatment in
various health facilities in the region as of
December 8, 2020. This could also be viewed on
their website on ro4a.doh.gov.ph.

Reference
 When we determine the source as
"good", we say that it has validity.
Likewise, counterchecking the
background of the author and source
on the internet would greatly help
establish the validity of a certain
material.
Your ability to distinguish valid
and reliable source is a
foundational skill that is central
to developing and analyzing
arguments. These are the
important points to consider in
evaluating the reliability and
validity of a source.
 Is s/he a recognized
AUTHOR expert in the field?

OF THE Are they representing an

SOURCE organization? If so, what is
the organization's mission
and goals?
 Does the author provide
another reliable source to
support his/her claim?
SOURCE/S OF
INFORMATION If found on the internet, is
the domain/interface
trustworthy?
(.gov, .org, .edu, etc.)
 Does the author
REFERENCES provide citation from
/CITATIONS which his/her claims
were taken?
How can we know that
the sources of our
information (online)
are valid or not?
What is the process that
needs to be followed on

evaluating articles
online as valid
evidence?
What are the dangers
in getting
information for
unreliable sources
online?
What would be the effect
if you spread worthless
and untruthful
information in social
media?
TRUE or FALSE
Directions Read the following
statements about the validity and
reliability of source. Write “T” if it
is true and “F” if otherwise.
1. A source that is biased is always unreliable and
should be avoided.
2. A book author must cite studies or other sources
to be considered valid and reliable.
3. Reliable newspaper and magazine articles don’t
have bibliographies; therefore, they don’t have to
cite sources to prove their claims.
4. Academic journals are not particular about the
credentials of the authors they publish.
5. Information/Post that is viral is always valid and
reliable.
1. A source that
is biased is
always unreliable
and should be
avoided.
2. A book author
must cite
studies or other
sources to be
considered valid
and reliable.
3. Reliable newspaper
and magazine articles
don’t have
bibliographies;
therefore, they don’t
have to cite sources
to prove their claims.
4. Academic
journals are not
particular about
the credentials of
the authors they
publish.
5. Information/
Post that is
viral is always
valid and
reliable.