LIFESTYLE DISEASES &

MANAGEMENT
S U R G LT C D R S O O R A J S
WORLD HEALTH DAY
07 APRIL
 WHAT IS A LIFESTYLE DISEASE ???

• Health problems that react to changes in lifestyle

• Diseases that are caused partly by unhealthy behaviours and

partly by other factors
 ALL LIFESTYLE DISEASES HAVE ONE
COMMON PROPERTY

• They make breathing heavier and body O2 low

• Cell hypoxia is the driving force of lifestyle diseases

 WHAT CAUSES LIFESTYLE
DISEASES??
• Controllable factors

Certain habits, behaviours, and practices such as poor eating

habits, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, alcohol intake

• Uncontrollable factors

Factors that we cannot control such as age, gender, race and

heredity
 CONTROLLABLE RISK FACTORS

• Diet and bodyweight

• Daily levels of physical activity
• Amount of sun exposure
• Smoking and alcohol abuse
UNCONTROLLABLE RISK FACTORS

• Age

• Race

• Gender

• Heredity
 IMPROPER LIFESTYLE??

• Over eating

• Excessive consumption of fats

• Smoking

• Drinking

• Chewing tobacco

• Sedentary life style

• Lack of exercise
 TYPES OF LIFESTYLE DISEASES

• Cardiovascular diseases

• Stroke and Hypertensive disorder

• Diabetes Mellitus

• Cancer

• Chronic obstructive Pulmonary disease

• Depression

• Musculoskeletal disorder
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
CHOLESTEROL
 ATHEROSCLEROSIS

• Deposition of cholesterol in blood vessels

 WHAT CAN BE DONE???

• Have the victim sit down and rest, and attempt to keep calm. Loosen
any tight clothing.

• If the victim has a known heart condition, ask if he has had chest pain
medication.

• Assist the victim in taking the medication (usually nitroglycerin,

which is placed under the tongue).

• If the pain does not subside promptly with rest or within 3 minutes of
taking nitroglycerin, call for emergency medical assistance.

• If victim collapses without pulse or breathing then CPR.

STROKE & HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE
 WHAT IS BLOOD PRESSURE???

• When your heart pumps, it forces blood through your

vessels.

• This force is called blood pressure.

• If it is an atherosclerotic vessel it creates more pressure.

This increased pressure damages small blood vessels in
brain, kidney and eyes.
BRAIN STEM - FUNCTION
CEREBELLUM - FUNCTION
STROKE
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR
DISEASES & STROKE
• Trim your fat intake, eat healthy
• Cut down on salt
• Keep your weight healthy
• Don’t smoke
• Don’t take alcohol
• Do exercise
• Monitor your blood pressure and cholesterol
• Relax & cut down on stress
• If you are hypertensive or diabetic then don’t skip your
medications
DIABETES MELLITUS
 DIABETES

• Disorder in which cells are unable to obtain glucose from the

blood resulting in high blood glucose levels

• Insulin

• Type 1 or Juvenile Diabetes

• Type 2 or Maturity onset Diabetes (most common)

 PREVENTION OF DIABETES

• Maintaining a healthy weight

• Avoiding smoking

• Reduction of Stress

• Avoiding Sedentary life

• Avoid Junk foods

• Exercise - reduces insulin resistance

CANCER
UNCONTROLLABLE GROWTH OF
ABNORMAL CELLS
 RISK FACTORS

• Tobacco use/ Smoking

• Sexually Transmitted Diseases

• Dietary Factors

• Radiation

• Alcohol Intake
 CAUTION

C – Change in bowel habits

A – A sore that does not heal

U – Unusual bleeding or discharge

T – Thickening or a lump

I – Indigestion or difficulty swallowing

O – Obvious change in a wart or mole

N – Nagging cough or hoarseness of voice

 PREVENTION OF CANCER

• Don’t’ smoke!

• Avoid alcohol

• Wear sunscreen & stay away from tanning beds

• Eat your veggies and cut the fat

• Eat moderate protein

• Stay active

• Get regular medical check-ups

 CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE
PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD)
• Symptoms - shortness of breath, cough and sputum
production

• Tobacco smoking - most common cause of COPD

• Other factors - air pollution, genetics

• Prolonged exposure to dusts, chemicals and fumes increase

the risk of COPD in both smokers and nonsmokers
 PREVENTION OF COPD

• Quit Smoking

• Have Healthy Diet

• Do Breathing exercise

• Avoid exposure to fumes & dust

• Improve both indoor & outdoor air quality

DEPRESSION
 DEPRESSION

• State of low mood and aversion to activity

• Affects thoughts, behaviour, feelings and sense of wellbeing

 DEPRESSION

• Life events and life style that may precipitate depressed mood

• Childbirth
• Menopause
• Financial difficulties
• Job problems, Chronic diseases
• Loss of a loved one
• Relationship troubles…
 PREVENTION OF DEPRESSION

Healthy Eating:

• Cut out junk food

• Avoid foods high in refined sugar and saturated fats

• Complex carbohydrates help to stimulate the feel good

neurotransmitter serotonin
 PREVENTION OF DEPRESSION

Exercise:

• Increases production of natural antidepressants

• Reduces stress, improves mood, boosts self-esteem, and

provides restful sleep

Weight loss:

• Improves your self-esteem and overall health

 PREVENTION OF DEPRESSION

Meditation:

• Practice of engaging in a mental exercise—such as deep

breathing

• Meditation can help relieve anxiety

Sleep:

• Having a calming bedtime routine helps you wind down and

feel fresh the next morning
 PREVENTION OF DEPRESSION

Relationship:

• Spending time with positive, supportive, and loving people can

help you through

Avoid sedentary lifestyle:

• Leads to depression

• Stay active , do your hobbies, read books, take active part in

social activity
WALK...
 MINIMUM RECOMMENDATION
FOR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY BY WHO
• CHILDREN & YOUNG PEOPLE - Moderate intensity activity for at
least 60 mints per day

• Adults - At least 30 mints of exercise most if not all days. Should

include flexibility, muscle strength & endurance exercise twice a week.

• 60 to 90 mints to improve when already in poor health or to lose

weight

• Moderate exercise is Brisk walking,

swimming, cycling, gardening with
moderate effort
ANY QUESTIONS???