Feedback control of dynamic systems

[Time domain Specifications]

Presenter: Ali Jawad

Student Number: 20237712
Communication and wave propagation lab (CWPL)
Information and Communication Department
College of IT Convergence, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
Outline

Time domain specifications

Rise time

Overshoot and peak time

Settling time

Example 3.27
Time domain specifications

The performance characteristics of a control system are specified interm of time domain
specifications that are given below

1. Delay and Rise time

2. Overshoot and peak point

3. Settling time
Delay and Rise Time

1. Delay time

 The delay (td) time is the time required for the response to reach half the final value the very first time.

2. Rise Time

 The rise time (tr) is the time required for the response to rise from 10% to 90%, 5% to 95%, or 0% to 100% of its final
value. For underdamped second order systems, the 0% to 100% rise time is normally used. For overdamped systems, the
10% to 90% ζrise time is commonly used.

where 𝑤 𝑑=𝑤 𝑛 √ 1 − 𝜁 2

ζ = Damping ratio

= Undamped natural frequency

Peak Time and Maximum Overshoot
1. Peak Time

 The peak time (tp) is the time required for the response to reach the first peak of the overshoot.

2. Maximum Overshoot

 The maximum overshoot ( Mp ) is the maximum peak value of the response curve measured from unity. If the final steady-
state value of the response differs from unity, then it is common to use the maximum percent overshoot. It is defined as the
amount of the maximum (percent) overshoot directly indicates the relative stability of the system.

x 100%where 𝑤 𝑑=𝑤 𝑛 √ 1 − 𝜁 2
Settling Time

The settling time (ts) is the time required for the response curve to reach and stay within a range
about the final value of size specified by absolute percentage of the final value (usually 2% or
5%).

1. For 2 %

2. For 5 %
Example 3.27

 Transformation of the Specifications to the s-Plane

Allowable regions in the s-plane for the poles transfer function when responce requirements are tr
≤0.6 sec, Mp≤ 10 %, and ts≤ 3sec.
Solution: We can obtain first order approximation using relationships for a second-
order system. By considering ζ = 0.5 to be an average then rise time is approximately
1.8, so we can write

ζ ≥ 0.6,
Then
≥
The allowable regions is anywhere to the left of the sold
line as is positive means negative real part).