Data Service Performance

Optimization - Rate
Objectives

 From this course, you will understand the

following factors that affect the rate of data
service:
 Network
 System Parameters
 Wireless Environment
Contents

 Network
 System Parameters
 Wireless Environment
 Handset

 The multi-timeslot capacity of the handset is an important factor

that affects the rate of data service. The multi-timeslot level of
the handeset defines the amount of timeslots that may be
multiplexed by the handset. Generally, If the handset has
stronger multi-timeslot capacity, it will obtain higher throughput.

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 Multi-timeslot level of handset under R4
Maximum of used timeslots Minimum of used timeslots
Multi-timeslot Handset
level Receive Send Sum Tta Ttb Tra Trb type

1 1 1 2 3 2 4 2 1
2 2 1 3 3 2 3 1 1
3 2 2 3 3 2 3 1 1
4 3 1 4 3 1 3 1 1
5 2 2 4 3 1 3 1 1

.。 .。 .。 .。 .。 .。 .。 .。 .。

13 3 3 NA NA a) 3 a) 2
14 4 4 NA NA a) 3 a) 2
15 5 5 NA NA a) 3 a) 2
16 6 6 NA NA a) 2 a) 2
17 7 7 NA NA a) 1 0 2
18 8 8 NA NA 0 0 0 2
19 6 2 NA 3 b) 2 c) 1

.。 .。 .。 .。 .。 .。 .。 .。 .。

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 Handset type:

 Type1 handset cannot receive and send signals simultaneously.

 Type2 handset can receive and send signals simultaneously.

 Receive: it shows the maximum timeslots received by the handset on each

TDMA. The amount of supported timeslots is a integer between 0 and the
maximum value. The received timeslots may not be continuous.

 Send: it shows the maximum timeslots sent by the handset on each

TDMA. The amount of supported timeslots is a integer between 0 and the
maximum value. The sent timeslots may not be continuous.

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 Base Station

 Relation between channel rate and coding scheme

Coding Scheme Modulation MAX rate RLC data size

Method [kbps] （ oct ）

MCS-9 59.2 2X74

MCS-8 54.4 2X68
MCS-7 44.8 2X56
8PSK
MCS-6 29.6 74
MCS-5 22.4 56
MCS-4 17.6 44
MCS-3 14.8 37
MCS-2 GMSK 11.2 28
MCS-1 8.8 22

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 PDCH Channel Planning of Base Station

 At present, two methods are usually adopted for planning the

PDCH channel of cell:
 One is the planning algorithm based on the service model,
 the other one is the configuration adjustment based on the network status.

 The result of planning based on the service model may be

inaccurate due to inaccuracy of used data, and the adjustment of
configuration based on the network status is not appliable to
large scale planning. Therefore, both methods are to be
considered in application.

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 Planning algorithm based on service model

 The principles of the algorithm is as the following: Amount of needed

channels = Average data service amount at busy time (kbps) / IP Layer
Channel Rate of each PDCH (kbps).

 IP Layer Channel Rate of each PDCH (kbps): IP Layer Channel Rate of

each PDCH = sum (IP rate of wireless interface in the i coding *
percentage of i coding), i is between CS1~CS4 or MSC1~MCS9. The
valid IP rate of wireless interface in a coding method is calculated by
assuming the transmitted data packet is in fixed size and calculating
the needed time based on the carried bytes. The percentage of
coding can be obtained based on the model or be calculated with the
data from the current network.

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 Planning algorithm based on service model

 Average data service flow at busy time = Amount of data service

users within each cell * Average data service flow of each user at
busy time.

 The amount of data service users within each cell = the amount
of users supported by the cell * the EGPRS Penetration Rate *
Attach Rate * Activation Rate. And the average data service flow
of each user at busy time is calculated based on the user habit,
including the times, duration of each time and the services types.

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 PDCH channel configuration
output of the channel configuration

Total amount of GOS=2%

TRX amount BCCH SDCCH/8 Static PDCH Subs
channels
Erl
1 8 1 1 1 1.66 67
2 16 1 1 1 7.4 296
3 24 1 2 2 12.3 492
4 32 1 2 3 18.4 736
5 40 1 2 4 24.6 984
6 48 1 2 5 31 1240
7 56 1 3 5 37.5 1500
8 64 1 3 6 44 1760
9 72 1 3 7 50.6 2024
10 80 1 3 8 57.2 2288
11 88 1 4 9 62.9 2516
12 96 1 4 10 69.6 2784

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 Configuration adjustment based on network
status
 The method is mainly used to figure out the busy cell by
checking the network KPI, and then carry out PDCH channel
expansion on the cell. The most commonly used indexes are:
1. PDCH multiplexing rate
2. PDCH occupation rate
3. The recycle times of loaded dynamic PDCH by the BSC

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Contents

 Network
 System Parameters
 Wireless Environment
 Setting of PCU Parameters

 Flow Control Mode Parameter （ FlowCrlMode2Para ）

 Parameter Description:
 BSC reports flow control parameters according to max traffic that the cell can
provide when adopting flow control mode 2. Maximum value depends on
configured channels. Counting formula: channels * max traffic that every
channel can provide. This parameter is the maximum traffic that every
channel can provide. The value is set between10 to1000, with the unit of 100
bps.

 Optimization Measure:
 Set the value to be 800.

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 Support signal extended uplink TBF

 Parameter Description:
 Normally, the uplink TBF is released immediately after the transmission of uplink
message is completed, so as to release the channel and TFI resources. In typical
downloading services, the MS needs to continuously report the data reception
status by controlling messages, so uplink TBS establishement is frequently needed.
 During the process of uplink TBF establishment, the downlink services will be
affected. If this function is enabled, the network can continue to occupy the
resources used by the TBF within certain period after the uplink signaling
transmission is completed. When the MS needs to re-transmit the signaling, it can
use these resources directly.

 Recommended value:
 Enabled. This function is supported by most of the terminals that support the
EDGE function. If this function is not enabled, the downlink data service will be
significantly affected.

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 Cell Parameter

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 Modification of T3168 Parameter

 Parameter Description:
 T3168 is a parameter used on the handset. It belongs to the GPRS cell option
parameters, and it is broadcast to the MS in the PSI1, PSI13 and SI13
messages. T3168 indicates the maximum time to wait for PACKET UPLINK
ASSIGNMENT message after MS sends PACKET RESOURCE REQUEST message
(or PACKET DOWNLINK ACK/NACK message with Channel Request
Description IE).

 Optimization Messure:
 Since this parameter indicates the maximum duration of TBF Link
establishment, it is recommended to set the value top be 7, so as to make
sure the TBF Link establishment will be successful.

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 Modification of T3192 parameter

 Parameter Description:
 This parameter is used on the handset. During downlink packet transmission,
if the RLC data block to be transmitted is the final downlink data block, the
network will send an RLC data block with the Final Block Identifier (FBI)
domain as 1 and containing an effective RRBP field to initialize release of the
downlink TBF. For each RLC data block that receives FBI with value 1 and
contains effective RRBP domain:

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 Modification of T3192 parameter

 Parameter Description:
 In acknowledged mode, the MS sends PACKET DOWNLINK ACK/NACK
message whose FBI domain is 1 on the uplink block specified by the RRBP
domain.
 In unacknowledged mode, MS sends the PACKET CONTROL ACKNOWLEDGE
message in the uplink block specified as per RRBP field. Then, the MS will
start T3192. T3192 releases the resources, stop discreet listening to the
PDCCH channel when it expires, and turns to the paging channel for discreet
listening. Within the protection period of T3192, if the MS receives the
“PACKET DOWNLINK ASSIGNMENT” or “PACKET TIMESLOT
RECONFIGURE” message from the network, T3192 will stop and turn to the
packet transmission status.

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 Modification of T3192 parameter

 Optimization Measure:
 If the value is too high, it will cause serious waste of PDCH channel resource
and TFI resource; if the value is too low, it will cause excessive TBF link
establishments. So it is recommended to set the value to be 1s globally.

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 Modification of RaReselHys parameter

 Parameter Description:
 this parameter is used on the handset. It is broadcast to the MS in the PSI3
message, and it specifies an extra hysteresis value used in selection of a cell in
another routing area when MS is in STANDBY or READY status. The function
of this parameter is the same as that of CRH. It is not necessary to broadcast
this parameter through the PSI3 message when the value of this parameter is
the same as that of CRH.

 Optimization Messure:
 change the value to 7, so as to avoid frenquent routing area re-election and
reduce the occupation of wireless resources.

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 Modification of PriAcThr Parameter

Value Meaning
 Parameter Description:
0 Packet access is not allowed in the cell.
 this parameter is used on the
handset. It is broadcast to the MS in
1 Not used. It shall be interpreted as that
packet access is not allowed in the cell. the PSI13 and SI13 messages,
2 Not used. It shall be interpreted as that indicating the priority level of MS
packet access is not allowed in the cell. packet access allowed by the cell. The
3 Allow packet access with the priority meaning of different values are
level 1 shown in the following table.
4 Allow packet access with the priority
levels 1 ~ 2
 Optimization Measure:
5 Allow packet access with the priority  Currently, the access priorities of
levels 1 ~ 3 handsets are between 1 and 4. It is
6 Allow packet access with the priority recommended to set the value to be
levels 1 ~ 4 7, so as to prevent the network from
7 Packet access is allowed in the cell. enabling other priorities later.

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 Modification of EXT_UTBF parameter

 Parameter Description:
 this parameter is used on the network. If this parameter is enabled, the
network will not immediately release the resources after the uplink data
transmission is completed. The network will continue to occupy the resources
used by the handset within certain period . When there is uplink data to be
sent, the handset can directly use these resources for transmission.

 Optimization measure:
 The handset needs to frequently send controlling messages to the network
during the service period, so it is recommended to set the value to be
ENABLED when there is frequent uplink TBF establishment.

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 Modification of PsSupport parameter

 Parameter Description:
 this parameter is used on the network. It is a cell-level parameter. It indicates
the data service status after the cell is configured. If the value is 0, it means
the cell doesn't support the data service; If the value is 1, it means the cell
supports the data service; If the value is 2, it means the cell supports EGPRS
service.

 Optimization measure:
 XXCell, the value of this parameter is 0. It means the cell doesn't support the
data service. So the value needs to be modified.

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 Modification of EGPRSPacketChReq parameter

 Parameter Description:
 This parameter is used on the network. Network broadcasts this parameter to
MS in GRPS CELL OPTIONS of SI13, PSI1 and PSI13. It indicates if the cell
supports EGPRS_PACKET_CHANNEL_REQUEST access flow. If the cell supports
EGPRS and this flow, the EGPRS terminal is able to originate EGPRS packet
access flow on RACH or PRACH (if PBCCH exists).

 Optimization Measure:
 EGPRS_PACKET_CHANNEL_REQUEST message can only improve uplink rate
when the handset is accessing the network that supports EDGE. Currently, the
network doesn't support the handset access, so it is recommended to set this
parameter to be CLOSED.

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 Modification of IRSupportUp parameter

 Parameter Description:
 This parameter is used on the network. It indicates if the cell supports "uplink
IR quality control". If it does, the network could set the RESEGMENT in
PACKET UPLINK ACK/NACK, PACKET UPLINK ASSIGNMENT and PACK
TIMESLOT RECONFIGURE message as FALSE to inform MS system of using IR
quality control mode, and MS uplink retransmission could not be segmented.

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 Modification of IRSupportUp parameter

 Optimization Measure:
 Before the LA+IR （ Incremental Redundancy ） function is enabled, the MS
directly discards the received error data chunks. After the function is enabled,
MS will campare the received error data chunks and retransmitted data
chunks, thus improve the decoding. The potential risk by this function is that
the MS may continuously receive error codes and retransmission requests
when the link quality is not good. Because it cannot split the data chunks to
be retransmitted. So it is recommended to set this parameter to be CLOSED.

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 Modification of GRPSInitAttSelt parameter

 Parameter Description:
 this parameter is used on the network. This parameter indicates the default-
coding scheme for GPRS MS initial access, under different Abis interface link
bandwidths. It is a two-dimensional array. It represents the default coding
mode corresponding to GPRS MS less than 1 × 16 kbps and 2 ~ 5 × 16 kbps
bandwidth respectively. If the value is 0, it means 1×16kbps bandwidth
adopts CS1-2 coding mode, and 2-5x16kbps bandwidth adopts CS1-4 coding
mode; If the value is 1, it means 1×16kbps bandwidth adopts CS2 coding
mode, and 2-5x16kbps bandwidth adopts CS4 coding mode.

 Modification Suggestion:
 When the Abis bandwidth is OK, using higher version of coding mode will
improve the rate. So it is recommended to set the value to be 1.

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 Modification of InitAttachExch parameter

 Parameter Description:
 this parameter is used on the network. It indicates if the coding method of
GPRS/EGPRS MS in cell could be changed dynamically. If the value is 0, it
means both GPRS and EGRPS handsets can not be changed dynamically; If
the value is 1, it means the GPRS handsets can be changed dynamically, but
the EGRPS handsets can not be changed dynamically ; If the value is 2, it
means the GPRS handsets can not be changed dynamically, but the EGRPS
handsets can be changed dynamically ; If the value is 3, it means both GPRS
and EGRPS handsets can be changed dynamically.

 Modification Suggestion:
 The wireless environment has great impact on the data transmission. When
the wireless environment is poor, we need to reduce the data rate so as to
ensure data transmission; when the wireless environment is good, we hope
to the improce data rate. So it is recommended to set the parameter to be 3.

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 Precedence Class parameter

 Parameter Description: This parameter is used by HLR. The

parameter is used for maintaining the precedence class of the
handset. According to the agreement, there are 3 precedence
classes, including:
 Precedence 1 High priority,
 Precedence 2 Normal priority,
 and Precedence 3 Low priority.

 Modification Suggestion: In order to guarantee the service

quality of the handset, it is recommended to set the value of this
parameter to be 1.

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 Peak Throughput Class parameter

 Parameter Description: This parameter is used by HLR. The peak throughput class
parameter defines the RLC/MAC peak throughput of the TBF. By setting the
priority level of the users, the PCU can provide corresponding rates. For example,
it can reduce the rate of the low-priority user so as to improve the rate of high-
priority user.

Modification Suggestion: The value of the

parameter needs to be set according to the
multi-timeslot capacity. If the value is too
high, it will be useless for the PCU, and the
actually used rate will be much lower than
the setting. Based on the multi-timeslot
capacities of handsets, it is recommended
to set the peak throughput class for the cell
with GPRS to be 4, and to set the peak
throughput class for the cell with EGPRS to
be 6.

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Contents

 Network
 System Parameters
 Wireless Environment
 Impact of wireless environment on the coding
modes used by the handset

The coding rate

will be more stable
if the C/I is higher.

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 Impact of link measurement on the coding
method selected by PCU
 Case1:
 If the handset only receives the data chunk in GMSK coding, it will only report
the link measurement of GMSK to the PCU, and the PCU will select suitable
GMSK coding method for the link from the "downlink GMSK table" according
to the measurement.

 Case2:
 If the GMSK link report is sent by PDAN message, the handset will
continuously receive GMSK data chunk till the PDAN message is received by
the PCU. After receiving the E-PDAN from the handset, the PCU will send data
to the handset with 8PSK coding. And the handset will continue to receive
GMSK and 8PSK measurement and report the measurement by E-PDAN till
the second E-PDAN message is received.

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 Impact of link measurement on the coding
method selected by PCU
 Case3:
 Based on the measurement of the two coding methods, the PCU will check
the downlink GMSK table and downlink 8PSK table to select suitable MCS
coding method for sending data.

 Case4:
 If the handset has only received 8PSK data chunk, it will only report the 8PSK
measurement in E-PDAN message.

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