ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I take this opportunity to express my deepest gratitude and appreciation to all those
who have helped me directly or indirectly towards the successful completion of this
project.
I express my deep sense of gratitude and thanks to Dr. A.RAMASWAMY
REDDY, Principal, MallaReddy Institute of Technology, for giving me this opportunity
to carry out project work at highly esteemed organization.
I express my gratitude to Dr. K.DAMODER, HOD, Department of ECE, for his
constant co-operation, support and for providing necessary facilities throughout the B.
Tech program.
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my internal guide Mr. A
SREENIVASA RAO, Associate Professor, Department of ECE for his insightful
advice, motivating suggestions, invaluable guidance, help and support in successful
completion of this project.
Next I would like to express my gratitude to our parents, friends and all the faculty
of our department for their cooperation and keen interest throughout this project.

K.LAXMAN (15RJ1A0460)

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 DECLARATION

I K.LAXMAN (15RJ1A0460), student of Bachelor of Technology (ECE),

MallaReddy Institute of Technology carried out mini project on “VEHICLE THEFT
ALERT AND ENGINE LOCK SYSTEM USING 8051” under the esteemed guidance
of MR. A.SREENIVAS RAO Department of Electronics and Communication
Engineering. To the best of my knowledge and belief, this project bears no resemblance
with any report submitted to JNTU or any other university for the award of any degree.

Signature of the student

K.LAXMAN

This is certifying that the above statement made by the candidates is correct to the
best of my knowledge.

Signature of the internal guide

iv
 CONTENTS
ABSTRACT viii

LIST OF FIGURES ix

LIST OF TABLES x

ABBERIVATIONS xi

S.No Chapter Page Number

1 EMBEDDED SYSTEM
1.1 INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED SYSTEM 01

1.2 INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT 02

1.3 APPLICATIONS OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM 02

1.4 MICROCONTROLLER VERSUS MICROPROCESSOR 03

1.5 MICROCONTROLLERS FOR EMBEDDED SYSTEM 03

2 INTODUCTION TO PROJECT
2.1 WORKING 05

2.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM 05

2.3 ADVANTAGES 06

2.4 APPLICATIONS 06

3 AT89S52 MICROCONTROLLER
3.1 FEATURES OF MICROCONTROLLER 07

3.2 PIN CONFIGURATION 08

3.2.1 Pin Description 08

3.3 ARCHITECTURE OF 8052 09

3.3.1 A&B Registers 10

3.3.2 PSW (Program Status Word) 10

v
 3.3.3 Stacks And Stack Pointer 11

3.3.4 PC (Program Counter) 11

3.3.5 Flags 11

3.3.6 SBUF (Serial Buffer) 11

3.4 TIMER REGISTERS 11

3.4.1 Control Registers 11

3.4.2 Oscillator And Clock Circuit 11

3.5 MEMORY ORGANISATION 12

3.5.1 Data Memory 12

3.5.2 Program Memory 13

3.6 SERIAL INTERFACE 13

3.7 BAUD RATE CALCULATIONS 14

3.8 UERT (Universal Asynchronous Transmitter & Receiver) 15

4 HADWARE COMPONENTS

4.1 POWER SUPPLY 16

4.1.1 Transformer 16

4.1.2 Diodes 17

4.1.3 Rectifiers 18

4.1.4 Capacitor filter 20

4.1.5 Voltage Regulator 21

4.2 RS232 SERIAL INTERFACE 24

4.3 MAX232 25

4.3.1 SCON (serial control) Register 26

4.4 GSM 28

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 4.1.1 History 28

4.4.2 GSM Frequencies 28

4.4.3 Introduction To The GSM Standard 32

4.4.4 The Concept Of Cellular Network 34

4.4.5 Architecture Of The GSM Network 35

5 SOFTWARES

5.1 KEIL SOFTWARE 37

6 RESULTS

6.1 RESULTS 41

7 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

7.1 CONCLUSION 42

7.2 FUTURE SCOPE 42

BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDIX A 43

APPENDIX B 44

vii
 ABSTRACT

The GSM Modem can accept any GSM network operator SIM card and act just like
a mobile phone with its own unique phone number. Advantage of using this modem will
be that you can use its RS232 port to communicate and develop embedded applications.
Applications like SMS Control, data transfer, remote control and logging can be developed
easily. The modem can either be connected to PC serial port directly or to any
microcontroller. It can be used to send and receive SMS or make/receive voice calls. It can
also be used in GPRS mode to connect to internet and do many applications for data
logging and control. In GPRS mode you can also connect to any remote FTP server and
upload files for data logging.

This project is designed in such a way that the microcontroller is interfaced to the
GSM modem through a serial line driver IC MAX232 along with an LCD and a motor as
an engin. The GSM modem can receives the message from any mobile as well as it can
transmit the messages to any mobile number. In our project, if the engin started then we
will get an acknowledge message as Engin Started . If the person is authorised then the
Engin will be in start mode continuously it means motor runs continuously. If the person is
an unsuthorised or thief then we need to send a message to the GSM modem it receives
the message and passes the same to the controller. Then the controller performs the
predefined task(Making Engin OFF) of locking engin and displaying on the LCD.

Here we use 8051 as a microcontroller with 5v DC Power supply. Serial

(UART) protocol is primary concern here. The main heart of this project is GSM/GPRS
modem and it work on GPRS AT commands.

viii
 List of Figures
Figure Page Number

Fig:2.1 Block diagram of vehicle theft balert and engine lock system 03
Fig:3.1 pin configuration of AT89S52 microcontroller 10
Fig:3.2 architecture of 8052 12
Fig:3.3 data memory 14
Fig:3.4 program memory 15
.

Fig:4.1 power supply 19

Fig:4.2 transformers 20
Fig:4.3 diode symbol 20
Fig:4.4 half wave rectifier 21
Fig:4.5 half wave rectification 22
Fig:4.6 full wave rectifier 22
Fig:4.7 full wave rectification 23
Fig:4.8 centered tapped full wave rectifier with a capacitor filter 24
Fig:4.9 regulator 25
Fig:4.10 RS 232 serial interface 27
Fig:4.11 pin diagram of MAX232 28
Fig:4.12 serial control register 29
Fig:4.13 interface with any external devices using serial communication 30
Fig:4.14 time division multiple access 36
Fig:4.15 cells 37
Fig:5.1 to select device for target 1 38
Fig:5.2 to select 8052 38
Fig:5.3 to debug the code 39

Fig:5.4 to simulate the code 39

Fig:5.5 to provide the delay loop 40
Fig:6.1 photocopy of vehicle theft alert and engine lock system 41

ix
 List of Tables

Table:4.1 mobile telephony standards 29

x
 ABBREVATIONS

ROM Read Only Memory

RAM Random Access Memory

TV Television

CPU Central Processing Unit

PC Program Counter

GSM Global System For Mobile

LCD Liquid Crystal Display

GPS Global Position System

PEROM Programmable Read Only Memory

VCC Voltage Collector To Collector

GND Ground

RST Reset

ALE Address Latch Enable

PSEN Program Store Enable

UART Universal Asynchronous Transmitter And Receiver

EA External Access

PSW Program Status Word

PCON Power Control

EPROM Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory

LED Light Emitting Diode

AMPS Advanced Mobile Phone Service

TACS Total Access Communication System

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ETACS Extended Total Access Communication

SMS Short Message Service

MMS Multimedia Messaging Service

GPRS General Packet Radio System

EDGE Enhanced Data Rates For Global Evolution

UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunication

WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access

HSDPA High Speed Downlink Packet

CDMA Code Division Multiple Access

TDMA Time Division Multiple Access

CDMA Code Division Multiple Access

xii