WSH Hazard Identification

RISK MANAGEMENT Risk evaluation

Preparation Work • Severity
• Likelihood
• Form a team
• Gather information
• Define Scope Risk control
• Practical measures
• Determine method & • Based on principle of
tools hierarchy controls
• Schedule risk
assessment EVALUATION COMMUNICATE
1. Implementation & Monitor RESULT
• Train persons involved
effectiveness Nature of risk
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
2. Communicate results of
- Potential harm assessment
Control measure
- Determine persons like to • Employee, contractor, Safe Work
be exposed supplier and visitor Procedure
 RISK ASSESSMENT
Identify safety and health
hazard
Assess level of risk
Prioritize measures
RISK MANAGEMENT
Assessment of risks
Control and monitoring risk
Communication of risk

Implementation and
Preparation Risk Assessment Review Record-keeping
• Form team • Hazard identification • Obtain Employer or • Must be available upon
• Gather relevant • Hazard Evaluation Management approval request
information • Risk control • Communicate the • Kept for at least 3 years
• Identify tasks of each hazards identified and
process their controls
• Audit or Regular
Inspections
• Review RA on a regular
basis
PREPARATION FOR HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
• Identify RM Champion RM
• Establish RM / RA Team member is
 Oversees the overall implementation of RA leader
RM throughout the company
 Oversee several process or task specific RA
are a teams let's have a good look at RM Member
Member RA
EMPLOYER RESPONSIBILITIES Member
• Appoint a Risk Management RM
System Manager RA
• Ensure team is train and Member
competent
RM
• Engage Risk management Member RA
consultant Member
HAZARD CATEGORY ONE: ELECTRICAL Injury
• May cause harm or COMMON WSH HAZARD 1. Contact with power line - Shock
injury PHYSICAL 2. Lack of ground protection - Burns
 Lifting heavy object 1. Contact with agent 3. Path to ground missing -
 Working at height 2. Caught in between Overheating
 Slippery floor 3. Fall at same level 4. Equipment not used in prescribe manner - Explosion
RISK 4. Fall from height
5. Improper use of extension
• Likelihood of hazard 5. Overexertion
6. Wires coming into contact with water
causing specific harm or
injury MACHINE EXCESSIVE NOISE NOISE GENERATION
 Not wearing safety 6. Shear pints 1. Concrete hacking 1. Frequency
harness when 7. Pinch points 2. Demolition 2. Wavelength
working at height 8. Wrap points 3. Grinding 3. Velocity
9. Crush points 4. Drilling 4. Pressure level
and risk of falling
MECHANICAL INJURY TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT FIRE & EXPLOSION
1. Sharp edges 1. Cuts 1. Powered tools Chemistry of fire
2. Rotating equipment 2. Punctures 2. Hands tools Flammability
3. Pinch points 3. Bruises 3. Machine tools Flash point
4. Weights 4. Broken bones 4. Lifting equipment Overheated
5. Stability tendency 5. Particles in 5. Forklift - Leaking Gases
eyes 6. Mobile Elevating Work - Improper fuel storage
6. Toppling tendency 6. Crushing Platfom - Explosion limit
COMBINED SOUND PRESSURE BIOLOGICAL OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARD
SOUND PRESSURE/POWER LEVEL 1. Poison 1. Occupational diseases
VIBRATION 2. Dusts
2. Bacteria
VIBRATION AND VIBRATION CRITERIA EXPOSURE
NOISE LEVEL 3. Virus 3. Air-borne contaminants
4. Insect CONFINED SPACE HAZARD
ERGONOMIC CHEMICAL HAZARD 5. Fungal
1. Task design 1. Routes of 1. Insufficient oxygen
6. Animal 2. Toxic air
2. Workplace design exposure/entry 7. Toxin
3. Work organisation 2. Acids 3. Explosive atmosphere
8. Parasite 4. Oxygen enrichment
4. Shift work 3. Bases
5. Fatigue 4. Corrosivity 5. Excessive head
6. Manual Handling 5. Flammability
THERMAL HAZARD RADIATION HAZARD
1. Welding / hot works Ionising radiation, X-rays/Gamma-rays and Alpha /
2. Hot sun Beta Particles
3. Other sources of
heat

Thermal hazard
transferred
4. Conduction
5. Convection
6. Radiation
7. Heat stress/Strain
8. Acclimatization
9. Evaporative heat
BRAINSTORMING PROCESS HAZARD • Analyse potential cause and sequences
1. Write ideas • Fire explosion
ANALYSIS (PHA
• Release of toxic
anonymously 1. A systematic • Flammable chemical
2. Facilitator assessment of • Spill hazardous chemical
collect idea potentail • Focuses on equipment, instrumentation,
3. Group voting hazard utilities, human actions and external factor
2. Provide
# Facilitator must METHODOLOGY
information to
1. Checklist
be trained assist manager 2. What-if
#Group should and employee 3. Hazard and Operability
be encourage to 3. Improve safety 4. Failure Made and Effects analysis
embrace the 4. Reduce
process consequences The selection of a methodology to use depends
on factors such as the complexity of the process
and the
length of time a process has been in operation.
WORKPLACE INSPECTION CHEMCAL INVENTORY
• Prevent injuries and illness 1. Chemical used
2. Material safety data
• Identify and record hazard for corrective action
3. Personal trained
INFORMATION NEEDED IN INSPECTION 4. Chemical labelled
LAYOUT PLAN 5. Handling storage and waste
1. Using drawing to help draws diagram disposal
2. Divide workplace
3. Visualize activities CHECKLIST
4. Identify location of machinery and plant Clarify inspection responsibility
5. Show movement of material and worker Control inspection activities
Provide report on inspection checklist
6. Show location of ducts, aisle, stairways,
• Use only as basic tool
alarm and fire exits • To provide general information
7. Equipment Inventory • Specific machine structure
• Review technical; safety data
• Manufacturer safety manuals
• Work area records
JOB SAFETY
ANALYSIS (JSA)
ANALYSE
1. Help to integrate
safety principle
and practices
2. Identify
potential hazard
3. Recommend PREVENT
4 BASIC SEQUENCING
safety way to do STAGE OF STEPS
job

IDENTIFY
WHAT-IF Analysis
1. Identify specific Performed by
team/teams
threat and hazard
2. Predict what could
go wrong and
analyses
3. Use broad, loosely Description
of problem
Characteristic
Applicable to
any activity/
structured system

questioning to :
• Predict upsets that
result in problem
• Ensure measures are
in place Details risk
assessment
4. Useful for simple
 EXAMPLE EXAMPLE EXAMPLE EXAMPLE
1. Proximity hazards 1. Incompatible works 1. Hazardous atmosphere 1. Ergonomic hazard
2. Poor housekeeping 2. Hot work near 2. Confined space 2. Poor posture
UNSAFE WORK CONDITION
flammable 3. Flammable Vapour 3. Risk of injury
3. Unstable stacking 3. Welding/Electrical 4. Dusty environment 4. Repetitive/forceful
4. No guardrail near water 5. Lack/High concentration movements
5. No shoring 4. Excavation near of oxygen 5. Vibration
6. No toe board scaffold 6. Poor air quality
5. Hacking works 7. Hight temperature POSSIBLE ACCIDENT:
7. High voltage cables
during painting 8. Lightning storm 6. Lead to sprain and
8. Sump-pit not 6. Diesel pump in POSSIBLE ACCIDENT: strains on the back
barricaded water tank 9. Asphyxiation or other part of
7. Works carried out 10. Fire & explosive the body
POSSIBLE ACCIDENT, under gondola 11. Lung cancer 7. Musculoskeletal
INJURY & HEALTH 12. Asthma injuries or disorder
9. Trip & fall POSSIBLE ACCIDENT: 13. Heat stress/stroke may arise
8. Burns and scalding 14. Sunburn
10. Falling objects
9. Electrocution 15. Skin cancer
11. Fall from height 10. Struck by falling 16. Noise induced deafness
12. Trench collapse debris/objects 17. Hyperoxia
13. Drowning 11. Suffocation from 18. Irritation of the eyes,
14. Electrocution CO2 nose, throat & lungs
Risk Evaluation
Process of estimate of risk
levels
Used to priorities action to
control hazard
Consist of :
1. Assessing potential
severity
2. Likelihood of
occurrence
3. Assessment of risk level
RPN RISK LEVEL RISK
ACCEPTABLE • Total removal of hazards
Elimination • Permanent solution
1-3 LOW RISK ACCEPTABLE • Should be attempted first
• Conduct regular review
• Monitor severity and
likelihood • Mitigate risk through alternative
Substitution less hazardous process/product
4-12 MEDIUM RISK TOLERABLE
• Conduct hazard
evaluation to reduced
risk as low as possible
• Implement risk control • Physical means of control like
measures
Engineering covering a machine or installing
• Management attention controls guard rails
required

• Eliminate or reduce exposure to

13-25 HIGH RISK NOT
ACCEPTABLE
Administrative hazard through adherence to
• No work allowed control instructions or procedure
• Eliminate hazard before • PTW/SWP
work commencement
• Management review
required before work • Used as last resort
commences Personal Protective
• Short term contingency plan
Equipment (PPE)
Implement WSH control measures WSH MANAGEMENT Ways
• Conduct briefings and disseminate • Immediate 1. Verbal
control processes Supervisor • Discussion
• WSH officers • Feedback
• Provide resources and implement • Person-in-charge 2. Written
control processes • Project Manager • Email investigation
• Report status of implementation • Section Managers report
• Monitor effectiveness and review 3. Regular meeting
updates
• Follow up with supplementary
control measures
• Update records
STEPS TO IMPLEMENT WSH CONTROL MEASURES

Communicate
Conduct
Implement hazards and Review RA
Obtain approval audits/inspecti
measures control regularly
on
measures
 Relevant Stakeholders
Regulation 7 of the WSH Regulations

Regulation 7 of the WSH (Risk Management) Regulations requires that:

(1) In every workplace, the employer, self-employed person and principal shall
review and, if necessary, revise the risk assessment referred to in Regulation 3
(1) at least once every 3 years.

(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the employer, self-employed person and

principal shall review and revise the risk assessment referred to in Regulation 3
(1)
(a) Upon the occurrence of any bodily injury to any person as a result of
exposure to a hazard in the workplace; or
(b) Where there is a significant change in work practices or procedures.
MONITOR THE IMPLEMENTATION
SCHEDULE OF IMPLEMENTATION
• Person to implement control
measures
• Implementation schedule
• Milestones
CONFORMANCE TO REQUIREMENT Effectiveness
1. Desired outcomes Feedback obtained from
workers and department
2. Requirement heads to decide
3. Level of risk
4. Agreement to measurement
method

Resources Needed
• Resources monitoring IMPLEMENTATION PLAN
• Timely and Efficient
CONTAIN :
Implementation
• HAZARD/RISK
WITHIN PRIORITY TO • CONTROL MEASURES
Work in Progress REASONABLE HIGH-RISK • IMPLEMENTATION
TARGET DATE
• Periodical monitoring TIME FRAME ACTIVITY • PERSONS
• Adhere to milestones RESPONSIBLE