4TH QUARTER

LESSON 2:

EDUCATION AND
RELIGION
 Education
Education is the social institution that
formally socializes members of society.
It remains a very important support
pillar in society. Education also refers
to the process through which skills,
knowledge, and values are transmitted
from the teachers to the learners. This
social institution brings about
continuity, which is an important factor
for development.
 Function of Education:
Functions Descriptions Reinforced by
Transmission of Communication and honing of Family
cultural heritage knowledge, language, science

Selection of social Provides new experiences and Religion

roles and training in offers alternatives and a wider
such roles selection of roles

Integration and Functions as a social control State/Government/Religion

mainstreaming of mechanism that brings
subcultures and recalcitrant members back to
identities the fold
Source of social and A place where young people are Peers/State/Family
cultural innovations enjoined to be creative with
others
 PRIMARY EDUCATION AS A
HUMAN RIGHT
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that everyone has
the right to education. Education has to be free and compulsory at least in
the primary level, whereas higher education should be made available on
the basis of merit. The UNESCO has also laid down the premise that
education is a fundamental human right. In fact, education is an important
requisite for the exercise of other human rights. This is because education
enables the individual to enjoy freedom, and this is instrumental towards
empowerment.
 Religion
• Religion is considered as one of the
most influential and universal forces
in society. Culture is an important
part of the study of religions and
religious beliefs. Sociologists believe
that culture and religious beliefs are
interconnected.
 TYPES OF RELIGIOUS
ORGANIZATIONS
There are different types of religious organizations.
1.CHURCH. The church is an institutional organization that is considered as the most
recognized form of religious organization.
2.DENOMINATION. Denominations are religious organizations that have a large number
of members but are less formal than a church. Denominations gain members by
recruiting and converting members from other churches and denominations.
3.SECT. Sects are religious organizations that tend to differ and oftentimes reject a larger
religion’s beliefs.
4.CULTS. Cults are relatively small religious organizations whose doctrines are outside
mainstream religious traditions. Cults are usually small and localized communities led by
a charismatic leader who exercises absolute control over its members.
 CLASSIFICATION OF RELIGIONS:
INSTITUTIONALIZED RELIGIONS IN THE WORLD
• Hinduism

Hinduism is considered as the world’s oldest living religion. It is made

up of a complex set of belief systems and practices that
encompasses not only religion but also philosophy and culture.
• Buddhism

Buddhism is considered as the third major religion in India

next to Hinduism and Jainism. It is also believed to be the first
international missionary religion that was established in the sixth