CHAPTER 10

STELLAR
EVOLUTION
ANA CARMELA ESPIRITU
PRACTICE TEACHER
 Table of contents

THE BIRTH OF PROPERTIES

STARS
How the stars born A B OF STARS
Identify the basic properties
of stars

VARIABLE STAR
STARS
Determine the variable of
stars
C D CLUSTERS
Explore the star clusters
 A
THE BIRTH OF
STARS
HOW THE STARS BORN?
 THE
STAR
LIFE
CYCL
E
 NEBULA
- is a giant cloud of dust and gas in space.
Some nebulae (more than one nebula) come
from the gas and dust thrown out by the
explosion of a dying star, such as a
supernova.
 Nebulae are regions
where new stars are
beginning to form.
These also called
“Stellar Nurseries”.

The Orion Nebula, also known as

Messier 42 (or M42 for short), is the
nearest star-forming region to Earth.
Nebulae are made of dust and gases—mostly

HYDROGEN HELIUM
HOW DO STARS FORM IN
A NEBULA?
HOW DO STARS FORM IN A
NEBULA?
These clouds held in balance between inward
force of gravity and outward pressure of gas
molecules.
Eventually, some disturbance overcome this
balance then a quite tug of war begins. The
cloud wants to dissipate(scatter) but gravity
wants to pull it together.
HOW DO STARS FORM IN A
NEBULA?
Gravity crunches down the materials into a
disk. The materials at the center become
denser and begins to heat up. When the core
temperature climbs to about 15 million
degrees Celsius, nuclear fusion begins.
Releasing massive amount of energy, igniting
the core and setting the life of a new star.
 AVERAGE MASSIVE
STAR STAR

The average star, like our While a massive star like Uy

own which is the Sun, turns Cyuti, becomes either a
into a white dwarf. neutron star or black hole.
 AVERAGE MASSIVE
STAR STAR

The average star, like our While a massive star like Uy

own which is the Sun, turns Cyuti, becomes either a
into a white dwarf. neutron star or black hole.
 BETWEEN THE AVERAGE
AND MASSIVE STAR WHICH
HAS A LONGER LIFESPAN?
 AVERAGE
STAR
Very massive stars use up
their fuel quickly. This means
they may only last a few
hundred thousand years.
Smaller stars use up fuel
more slowly so will shine for
several billion years.
AVERAGE RED GIANT PLANETARY DWARF STAR
STAR NEBULA

The remaining core

A red giant is a dying When a star like our (that's 80% of the
star in the final stages of Sun dies, it gently sheds original star) is now in
stellar evolution. In its outer layers, which its final stages. The core
about five billion years, form a beautiful cloud becomes a White
our own sun will turn called a “planetary Dwarf. The star
into a red giant, expand nebula”, while the eventually cools and
and engulf the inner dying star's core dims. When it stops
planets — possibly even becomes a white dwarf. shining, then now dead
Earth.
star is called a Black
Dwarf.
MASSIVE STAR
RED SUPER SUPERNOVA
GIANT

NEUTRON BLACK HOLE

STAR
 Problem

Do you know what helps you make your point clear?

Lists like this one:

■ They’re simple
■ You can organize your ideas clearly
■ You’ll never forget to buy milk!

And the most important thing: the audience won’t miss the
point of your presentation
 THE
STAR
LIFE
CYCL
E
 B
PROPERTIES
OF STAR
 COLOR and
TEMPERATU
REcolor is
The star's
based on surface
temperature: cooler
stars are redder, hotter
stars are bluer, mid
range temperatures are
white or yellow.
LUMINOSIT
Y and
BRIGHTNES
S of the
is a measure
total amount of
energy radiated by a
star or other
celestial object per
second.
C
VARIABLE OF
STAR
 INTRINSIC EXTRINSIC
VARIABLE VARIABLE
are those in which the
change in brightness is are those in which the
due to some change light output changes
within the star due to some process
itself such as in external to the star
pulsating stars like the itself.
Cepheids.
 E
STAR CLUSTER
 OPEN GLOBULAR
CLUSTER CLUSTER
loosely bound groups densely packed
of a few tens to a few collections of ancient
hundred stars. stars. Roughly spherical
in shape, they contain
hundreds of thousands,
and sometimes millions,
of stars.
OPEN CLUSTER
GLOBULAR
CLUSTER
 STELLAR
EVOLUTION

THANK YOU
CLASS
ANA CARMELA ESPIRITU
PRACTICE TEACHER