JOINTS

BY
0818 to 0823
 Content
• Definition
• Terminologies
• Joint set
• Open joint
• Close joint
• Small joint
• Master joint
• Types
 Definition
• Joints are cracks or
fracture that divide the
rock into
• There is no relative
displacement.
 Contd…
• It occure in all types of
rocks.
• They are like cleavage in
minerals
 Terminologies:
Joint Set:
• A joint set is a family of
parallel, evenly
spaced joints
• Two or more
intersecting joint set in
the same area
 Contd…
Open joint:
• Which the rock have
separated for the small
distance to right angle
to the fracture surface.
 Contd…
Close Joints:
• There is no such a
separation joint may a
capable of allowing fluid
( gas and water) to pass
through the rock
 Contd…
Small Joints:
• Small in their extension
confined to only one
part of layer.
• It also called as
discontinuous joints.
 Contd…
Master Joints:
• Extensive joint reffrerd
as a continuous joint.
• The more prominent
continouos joint are
called as master joints
 Types Of Joints
• Spatial relationship.
• Systematic
• Non systematic
• Geomatry
• Stike joint
• Dip joint
• Oblique joint
• Genesis
• Tension
• Shear
• Compression.
 Based on spatial relationship
Systematic:
• these show a distinct
regularity in their
occurrence.
• They occur in parallel or
sub parallel joint sets
that are repeated in the
rock at regular intervals.
Non Systematic:
• Joints that are so
irregular in form,
spacing, and orientation
• They cannot be readily
grouped into distinctive
through going joint sets.
Contd…
 Based On Geometery
Strike Joint:
Joints that are parallel to
the strike of rocks are
called ‘Strike Joints’.
 Contd…
Dip Joint:
• Joints that are parallel
to the dip of rocks are
called ‘Dip Joints’.
 Contd…
Olique Joints:
• Joints, which run in a
direction that lies
between the strike and
dip direction of the rock
beds, are called
‘Oblique Joints’.
Thank You