UNIT 7

1. PAST TENSES
A. SIMPLE PAST FİİLSİZ (…
idi)

Bob is eighty. He’s old and weak.

Mary, his wife is seventy-nine. She’s old, too.
Fifty years ago they were young. Bob was strong.
He wasn’t weak. Mary was beautiful. She wasn’t old.
 I We
He
was You were
She
They
It

I was a primary school student 10 years ago.

They were in Bayramiç last year.
 B. SIMPLE PAST FİİLLİ (yaptı)
I cleaned my room (ben odamı temizledim.)
The car stopped at the red light.
He carried all the stuff to his office.
We went to the zoo.
Boys swam in the sea.
Nick didn’t come to school yesterday.
Did James learn English?
+ Yes, he did. - No, he didn’t.
C. PAST CONTİNUOUS TENSE (yapıyordu)

I was watching TV at ten o’clock last night.

They were waiting for the bus while I was working.

 D. PAST PERFECT TENSE (yapmıştı)

S + had + V3
Helen had left by the time I arrived at the party.

My mother had already cooked the dinner when I got home.

 Time Conjunctions
WHEN / BY THE TIME + simple past, past perfect
When/By the time our guests came, my mother had already laid the table.
AFTER + past perfect, simple past
After Karen had had her breakfast, she left home for school.
BEFORE + simple past, past perfect
Before the police arrived the crime scene, the thief had run away.
AS SOON AS + past perfect, simple past
As soon as she had opened the door, she went straight to the kitchen.
WHILE/AS + past continuous, past simple
2. Cohesive Words
 A. COMPARISON (Karşılaştırma)
 like/as/such as (gibi): I love team sports like football.

 the same as (aynısı): Your pen is the same as mine.

 different from (farklı): Ezine is quite different from Bayramiç.

 Likewise (aynı şekilde): The food was excellent, likewise the wine.

 Similarly (benzer şekilde): The children were similarly dressed.

 B. ADDITION (Ekleme)
 as well as (yanı sıra): She plays tennis as well as badminton.

 moreover, besides, furthermore (üstelik)

The movie tickets were very expensive. Moreover, I didn’t like the movie.

 in addition, additionally (ek olarak):

In addition to the thick fog, there was a heavy smell.

 C. SEQUENCING (Sıralama)
 First/firstly/initially(ilk olarak, önce):

Stan initially wanted to go to medical school.

 Secondly (ikinci olarak), next, then, after that, afterwards (sonra):

We saw the film and afterwards walked home together.

 Meanwhile (bu sırada), finally (sonunda):

Mother went shopping; meanwhile, I cleaned the house.

 D. RESULT (Sonuç)
 As a result (sonuç olarak):

He made a big mistake, and, as a result, lost his job.

 Therefore / so / thus (böylelikle, bu yüzden):

I was ill, and therefore could not come.

 E. OTHERS (Diğer)
 But, however, nevertheless, yet (ama, yine de):

He is an excellent student. Nevertheless, he didn’t pass the test.

 Although/though (rağmen): They are generous although they are poor.

 Unless (-madıkça): You'll fail in Maths unless you work harder.

 As long as (… oldukça): There is no room for unhappiness as long as I have you.

 In case (durumunda): Do not use the elevatör in case of an earthquake.