TENSE (THÌ )

1. Present simple ( hiện tại đơn )

S am/is/are N/A

S V (s, es) O

Every (day/month/ week/ year), sometimes, never, always, usually, in the

morning/afternoon/evening, on Monday/Tuesday/Wednesday…, diễn tả lịch trình, thời

khoá biểu, sở thích, câu đơn bình thường….

Ex: she likes watering every day

The train leaves earlier

I have a test on Monday

2. Present continuous ( hiện tại tiếp diễn )

S. am/is/are. Ving. O

At the moment, at present, now, right now, diễn tả những việc đang xảy ra ở hiện

tại

ex: my dad is cooking dinner and my mom is dancing

my brother is studying history at the moment

3. Past simple ( quá khứ đơn )

S V2/ed O
 Last ( day/ week/ month/ year), in the 1990s, in 2000, ago, yesterday, in the past,

diễn tả những thứ đã xảy ra trong quá khứ

Ex: She died a long time ago

He had a performance last week

My teacher gave us lots of homework to do

4. Past continuous ( quá khứ tiếp diễn)

S was/were Ving O

Diễn tả những việc xảy ra ở quá khứ vào thời gian cụ thể

Ex: we were watching TV at 8 yesterday

He was dancing when his brother came to his house

I was practicing English at this time last week

5. Future simple ( tương lai đơn)

S will V O

Diễn tả những việc chưa xảy ra và bất chợt

Ex: I will help you to do this

She will watch that film when she finishes her homework

He will go home if no one comes

6. Tobe going to ( tương lai )

S am/is/are going to V O
 Diễn tả những thứ trong tương lai ( chưa xảy ra) nhưng chắc chắc sẽ làm

Ex: we are going to take that course soon

She is going to have a big party at night

OTHERS

Article ( mạo từ ) a/an/the: luôn đứng sau là 1 Noun

Ex: a big house, an impressive singer, the most wonderful land…..

Verb Ving : những verb theo sau là 1 Ving

Enjoy, love, like, go, keep

Ex: we enjoy dancing in the class

She goes fishing so often

Sau adj là 1 TO V

Ex: she is happy to see you

He seems excited to run that test

We get bored to keep watching that movie

Much/ many :

Sau much + N ( ko đếm được, số ít ): much love, much money, much sugar

Sau many + Ns ( đếm được, số nhiều ): many flowers, many houses

Some/ a lot of = lots of / any: đều đi được với cả N đếm được và ko đếm được

Ex: give me some time to think

Some children are already there

 Lots of homework to be done today

Riêng ANY chỉ ở câu phủ định: there aren’t anything in the bridge

There is a/ there are : có

Adv ( trạng từ): đứng cuối câu hoặc trước 1 adj

Adj + ly => adv

Ex: she sings beautifully

I have a fast modern car

Comparison/ superlative ( so sánh hơn/ so sánh nhất ): chỉ adj thay đổi

Ss hơn: am/is/are adj-er than or more adj than

Ex: she is bigger than me

He is stronger than my brother

Her sister is more beautiful than her

Ss nhất: am/is are the adj-est or the most adj

Ex: she is the tallest girl in the class

The place is the most wonderful one in the world

I am the happiest woman in the house

Pronoun ( đại từ): đứng ngay sau động từ và cuối câu.

I --- my ---- me

You ----- your-----you

We------our-------us
They-----their-----them

He------his-----him

She------her-------her

It-----its-----it

Ex: I need him to be here right now

She gives them a purple backpack

We want to do that for us

Prepositions ( giới từ ): on, in, at, between…..and, next to, opposite, near, above,

below, under, behind, in front of

Linking words ( từ nối ): and, but, so, because, both….and…., either….or….,

neither…….nor……, not only…..but also……

Ex: I want to eat chocolate and a glass of milk

She needed to have good marks at school but she was so lazy

Both my dad and my mom are at home right now

Because I was ill yesterday, I couldn’t go to school

He was absent from school so he couldn’t do the test

Not only my parents aren’t home but my sister isn’t also

Either my dad or my brother works at school whole day

Neither my mom nor my sister stays home at the weekend.