Present continuous:

Estructura: ING/ando-endo
+ : Sujeto + verbo to be + verbo en gerundio + complemento
- : Sujeto + verbo to be + not + verbo en gerundio + complemento

? : Verbo to be + sujeto + verbo en gerundio + complemento

Usos:
 Activities that are happening at the moment of speaking, for example:

A: What are you doing? B: I'm reading a book.

 Things that are happening around now but are temporary. For example:

A: What are you doing these days? B: Fortunately, I'm working a lot.

 To describe trends or situations that are happening but may be temporary. For
example:

Nowadays more and more people are shopping on the Internet

 Activities in the very near future:

A: How are you going home after the party tonight? B: I’m going home by taxi.

 habitual actions (usually negative). For example:

He's always cleaning his car. She is continually asking silly questions.

REGLAS:
If the verb ends with ‘-ie’ drop the ending and add a ‘-y’ + -ing form.

He is lying (lie)

If a one-syllable verb ends in a single consonant preceded by a single vowel, then the last letter
is doubled before the -ing ending.

Are they swimming (swim) faster now?

Signal words
Now - Right now - At the moment - In this moment - Look! - Listen!
We use “there is” (There's) for singular and “there are” for plural.

+ : there is - : there isn’t ? : is there…?

there aren't any: to indicate that a zero quantity of something or with uncountable nouns.

There is one table in the classroom.

There are three chairs in the classroom.

There is a spider in the bath.

There are some people at the bus stop.

Are there any dogs in the park?

FUTURE:

GOING TO:
For planned actions in the future:

We are going to sing at the party.

When you are certain that is going to happen in the

future:

Look at that car! It is going to crash into the

yellow one.

WILL:
to express a voluntary action / a spontaneous
decision:

I will send you the information when I get it.

to express a promise:

I will call you when I arrive.

Present continuous:
For future arrangements

Con una palabra que nos indique el momento futuro en el que pasara podemos utilizarlo para
futuro

Are you studying this evening?

I’m having lunch later.

Present simple
For timetables and schedules (Inmediate future)

The match starts at 3

The plane arrives at 18.00 tomorrow.

Future Signal words

Next Friday - Next weekend - Next year – Soon – Tomorrow - Tomorrow evening - In the future
 PAST OF TO BE:

WAS AND WERE:

I wasn’t tired this morning

She was late for work

Was it a big house?

You were very good

We weren’t invited

Were they busy?

SIMPLE PAST:

The Simple Past is used for actions that took place at a specific time in the past.

They saw a movie yesterday.

I didn't see a play yesterday.

Last year, I traveled to Japan.

Regular verbs: (lived, started, died)

verb + -ed / verbs ending in –e +-d / verbs ending in –y preceded by a consonant + -ied.

Irregular verbs: (was, wrote)

Signal words for the Simple Past: An hour ago – A week / a month / a year ago - In 2011 / the
XIX century - Last week / weekend / month / year - Last summer / autumn / winter / spring –
Yesterday - At 3 o'clock – This morning, etc.

MODAL VERBS:

1. They don't add an “-s” to the third person singular in the present tense.

2. As they act as auxiliaries they must be used with other verbs (I can swim).

3. They make questions by inversion ('She can sing.' becomes ‘Can she sing?'), they do not
use auxiliary verbs (do, does, did, etc.).

4. They are followed directly by the infinitive of another verb (without 'to').