ASH HANDLING

SYSTEM
KUMAR ATISHAY (107455)
RACHIT SINGH (107462)

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Itinerary

Ash
What is Why ash Ash Handling Ash Water
handling? Sytems System Utilization
ash?

Bottom Ash Fly Ash (wet & dry)

What is ash?

Ash is oxidized form Typical ash

Ash is the residue
of the mineral composition :
remaining after the
matters present SiO2, Al2O3,
coal has been
in coal Fe2O3, CaO,
incinerated​
MgO etc.

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Why ash handling?
• Ash handling is collection, cooling to manageable temperature and
storge of ash for further use.
• Ash handling is required :
i. To maintain the environmental norms and following industry
standards.
ii. Ash can create harmful effects (health issues) if not
handled properly
iii. Ash can be used in different industries
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Ash generation in thermal power plant
• After burning of coal, 40 % of total
Ash
coal consumption is converted into ash, out
of which 20% is Bottom Ash, 80% is Fly Ash.
Bottom
Fly ash
ash
• Typically for a 500 MW plant based
on Indian coal the ash generated is around Dry mode
Wet
mode
150 to 200 TPH.

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ASH Distribution by volume in thermal power plant

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Parts of ash handling system
1) Bottom ash handling system​

2) Coarse ash (Economizer ash) handling system

3) Air preheater ash handling system​

4) Fly ash handling system​

5) Ash slurry disposal system

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Bottom ash handling system

Feed Gate
Clinker Grinder
Jet Pump

High Pressure water from BAHP

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Bottom ash handling system (contd...)
• Hot Bottom ash from boiler furnace are quenched and collected
in water impounded refractory lined bottom ash hopper located under
boiler furnace.
• After a pre-determined time, feed gate fitted at the bottom of the
hopper allows ash/ clinker to pass through clinker grinder and then
pumped by Jet pump to transport the ash slurry to nearby slurry sump.
• Bottom ash high pressure (BAHP) pumps are used to feed water to
jet pumps.

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Coarse ash (Economizer ash) handling system
• Coarse ash from ECO hopper is extracted continuously and mixed with
water in flushing box provided below each hopper.
• It is then discharged into the ash slurry sump.
• Water required for mixing ECO ash is provided through separate
FAHP water pumps.
• Continuous generated ECO slurry is fed by gravity into respective bottom
ash hopper pipes with necessary slope.
• Economizer ash particles have no typical size. The temperature of this ash
ranges from 315°C to 480°C.
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Air pre-heater ash handling system
• Ash generated from APH hopper is evacuated once in a shift
by vacuum conveying system connected with the ESP
hopper vacuum conveying system.
• In the air preheater system, the particle sizes range from
100 to 800 microns, while the ash temperature ranges from
120°C to 200°C.

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ESP fly ash handling system
Flow scheme for one ESP pass

ALV ALV

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ESP Fly ash handling (contd…)
• Fly ash from all passes of ESP Hoppers are collected in
collector tank.
• In collector tank ash is mixed with water and the resultant
slurry is transported to ash slurry sump through fly ash
slurry pipeline by gravity.
• The complete system of wet mode fly ash collection is
called wetting unit.

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Ash slurry disposal system

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Ash slurry disposal system (contd...)
• The slurry sump is RCC tank with three
compartments.
• Bottom ash slurry, fly ash slurry and coarse
ash slurry are pumped from common
ash slurry sump to dyke area.
• BALP Make-up water is provided to all three
slurry sumps to maintain the level of
the sump.

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Ash water system
• The water is supplied from the ash water tank through the pumps
which are located at Ash Water Pump House.
• Sources of water for ash water tank:
i. Re-cirulation water from ash dyke
ii. CW blowdown

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 ASH UTILIZATION
• DRY ASH: CEMENT INDUSTRY , BRICKS
MANUFACTURING
• BOTTOM ASH/ POND ASH : ROAD/ FLY
OVER CONSTRUCTION, RECLAMATION OF
MINE VOIDS

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Ash handling challenges
• Sustainable ash utilization basis is a big challenge.

• Some plants are facing shutdown because of failure of handling

ash.

Stringent Need for

environment retrofit and Increase in ash
and pollution R&M in ash handling cost
control norms handling

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