Community Health Nursing

UNIT 4
International Health Organization and Nursing
Organization
PRESENTED BY RUKHSANA ASHRAF
BSN PHNS
COLLEGE OF NURSING M B DIN
OBJECTIVES
• At The End Of This Unit Student Will Be Able To Explain About.
• NURSING ORGANIZATION
 International Council Of Nursing
 World Health Organization
 Pakistan Nursing Association
 Pakistan Nursing Federation
 Pakistan Nursing Council
International Health Organization
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
INTRODUCTION
• The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible
for international public health.
• It,s headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland and has six regional offices and 150 field offices
worldwide.

• The WHO was established on 7 April 1948 and convened its first meeting on 24 July of that year.
• It incorporated the assets, personnel, and duties of the League of Nations’
• The agency's work began in earnest in 1951 after a significant infusion of financial and technical
resources.
• The WHO's official mandate is to promote health and safety while helping the vulnerable
worldwide.
FUNCTIONS OF WHO
1. It provides technical assistance to countries,
2. sets international health standards,
3. collects data on global health issues,
4. serves as a forum for scientific or policy discussions related to
health.
5. Its official publication, the World Health Report, provides
assessments of worldwide health topics.
FUNCTION OF WHO
• The Who Has Played A Leading Role In Several Public Health Achievements, Most
Notably
• The Eradication Of Smallpox.
• The Near-eradication Of Polio.
• The Development Of An Ebola Vaccine.
• Its current priorities include communicable diseases.
• Particularly HIV/AIDS.
• Ebola, Covid-19.
• Malaria .
• Tuberculosis.
CONTI…….
• Non-communicable Diseases Such As
• Heart disease and cancer;
• Healthy diet, nutrition,
• Food security;
• Occupational health; and
• Substance abuse.
• The agency advocates for universal health care coverage, engagement
with the monitoring of public health risks, coordinating responses to
health emergencies, and promoting health and well-being generally.
GOVERNCE OF WHO
• The WHO is governed by the World Health Assembly (WHA).
• Which is composed of its 194 member states.
• The WHA elects and advises an executive board made up of 34 health
specialists selects the WHO's chief administrator.
• THE director-general (currently Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus of
Ethiopia) sets goals and priorities and approves the budget and
activities.
• The WHO is funded by primarily by contributions from member
states (both assessed and voluntary), followed by private donors.
UN United Nation (INTRODUCTION)
• The United Nations, referred to informally as the UN, is an
intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to
maintain international peace and security, develop friendly
relations among nations, achieve international cooperation,
and serve as a center for harmonizing the actions of nations .
• It is the world's largest international organization.
• The UN headquartered in New York City (in the United States,
• With certain extraterritorial privileges) the organization has other offices in
Geneva, Nairobi, Vienna.
• The Hague , where the International Court of Justice is headquartered.
 BACK GROUND
• The UN was established after World War II with the aim of preventing
future world wars, and succeeded the League of Nations, which was
characterized as ineffective.
• On 25 April 1945, 50 nations met in San Francisco, California for a
conference and started drafting the UN Charter, which was adopted
on 25 June 1945. The charter took effect on 24 October 1945, when
the UN began operations.
OBJECTIVE AND MISSION
• The organization's objectives,
• As defined by its charter, include maintaining …
• International peace.
• Security.
• Protecting human rights.
• Delivering humanitarian aid.
• Promoting sustainable development.
• Upholding international law.
• At its founding, the UN had 51 member states.
• As of 2023, it has 193 – almost all of the world's sovereign states.
UNICEF
INTRODUCTION UNICEF
• UNICEF originally called the United Nations International Children's
Emergency Fund in full,
• Officially United Nations Children's Fund is an agency of the United
Nations responsible for providing humanitarian and developmental
aid to children worldwide.
• The agency is among the most widespread and recognizable social
welfare organizations in the world, with a presence in 192 countries
and territories.
History of formation
• As early as September 1943, Polish health specialist Ludwik Rajchman suggested "A United Nations
Health Service.

• Latter on Rajchman proposed to use its residual funds for a child-feeding program beneficiary of US
funding.
• The organization was created by resolution 57 of the United Nations General Assembly on 11
December 1946 and named United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF).
• As its first chairman, Rajchman chose Maurice Pate of the Commission for Relief in Belgium to direct
the agency.
• He think about organizing an action, a fund for the benefit of children, war victims chiefly.
• From a temporary emergency relief agency in 1946 providing food and clothing to children and
mothers displaced by World War II.
• The agency became a permanent UN Organization in 1953.
• Extended its efforts toward general programs of children welfare.
MAIN FUNCTIONS OF UNICEF
• UNICEF has a policy preferring orphanages only be used as temporary
accommodation for children when there is no alternative.
• UNICEF has historically opposed the creation of large-scale,
permanent orphanages for children, preferring instead to find
children places in their (extended) families and communities,
wherever possible.
FUNCTIONS
• One concern is that the child mortality rate has not decreased in
some areas as rapidly as had been planned, especially in Sub-Saharan
Africa, where in 2013 "the region still has the highest child mortality
rate:
• 92 deaths per 1000 live births and that "Globally, nearly half of
under-five deaths are attributable to undernutrition."
UNICEF FUNCTION IN PAKISTAN
• UNICEF works to promote and protect the rights and wellbeing of children and
women in Pakistan.
• Since 1948, we have been bringing basic services, including
• Education,
• Health,
• Nutrition,
• Protection,
• Water,
• Sanitation,
• Hygiene to those who are most in need, addressing inequities in each of these
areas.
HEAD OF UNICEF IN PAKISTAN
• Abdullah A. Fadil
• Has been the Representative of the United Nations Children's Fund
(UNICEF) in Pakistan since May 2022.
ICN
PRESIDENT OF ICN (Annette Kennedy)
INTRODUCTION
• The International Council of Nurses (ICN) is a federation of more than
130 national nurses associations.
• It was founded in 1899 and was the first international organization for
health care professionals.
• It ‘s headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
Goal of ICN
• The organization's goals are to bring nurses' organizations together in
a worldwide body.
• IC status of nurses and the profession of nursing worldwide.
• Influence global and domestic health policy.
History and organization
• The ICN was first proposed in 1899 at the Congress of the International Council of
Women by Mrs Bedford Fenwick at a day devoted to consideration of nursing
questions.
• The aim was to create a network of national nursing associations , with the objective of
raising the standards of nurse education and professional ethics for the public good.
• A provisional committee was formed of nurses from Great Britain, the United States,
Canada, New Zealand , Australia , South Africa , the Netherlands and Denmark.
• The first constitution and officials were elected in 1900: Mrs Bedford Fenwick (Great
Britain) president, Miss Lavinia Dock (United States) honorary treasurer and Miss M
Agnes Snively (Canada) honorary treasurer.
• In 1901 , at the International Congress of Nurses (held at the Pan-American Exposition )
the ICN adopted a resolution in favor of nurse registration.
History and organization
• The ICN first quinquennial meeting was held in 1904 in Berlin by which
time Great Britain ,
• The United States and Germany had national nursing organizations
affiliated to the ICN.

• Daisy Bridges was the General Secretary of the ICN until she retired in
1961.
• She later published A history of the International Council of Nurses
1899-1964 :
• The first 65 years in 1967 which she compiled during her retirement.
Governance
• ICN is governed by a Council of National Representatives (CNR).
• The CNR is the governing body of the ICN and sets policy, admits
members, selects a board of directors, and sets dues
• . As of 2013, there were 135 National Representatives (one for each
member organization).
• National Representatives are selected by each member association.
• The CNR meets every two years.[citation needed]
• Day-to-day operations of ICN are overseen by a chief executive officer
(CEO) who works in close collaboration with the ICN President.
Governance
• Between meetings of the CNR, ICN is governed by a 16-member
board of directors.
• Members of the board include ICN president and 13 directors elected
on the basis of proportional representation from ICN's seven
geographic areas.
• Directors are term-limited to two consecutive four-year terms of
office.
• The board meets at least once a year, although it usually meets three
to four times a year.
Governance
• ICN has four officers.
• They include a president and three vice presidents.
• The officers function as an executive committee for the board, and as the
board's budget and finance committee.
• The president is elected by the CNR.
• The president serves a four-year term of office, and is limited to one term in
office.
• The vice presidents are elected from among the board members. The highest
vote-getter is the First Vice President, the second-highest vote-getter the
Second Vice President and the third-highest vote-getter the Third Vice
President.
Governance
• Day-to-day operations of ICN are overseen by a chief executive officer
(CEO) who works in close collaboration with the ICN President.
Conferences and projects
• ICN hosts a Congress every two years in conjunction with the meeting of the CNR.
• The congress hosts a large number of professional practice workshops, poster sessions,
luncheons, speaking events and plenary sessions.

• ICN hosts other conferences on an as-needed basis.

• Recent conferences have covered topics,
• regulation of the profession of nurses,
• socio-economic welfare issues,
• leadership issues ,
• advanced practice issues.

• ICN sponsors International Nurses' Day every May 12 (the anniversary of

Florence Nightingale's birthday).
Pakistan Nursing Council
PNC
‫ن‬
‫س‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ن‬
• The Pakistan Nursing Council (PNC) (‫ )پ اکست ان رس گ کو ل‬is a regulatory
body established in 1948 by the Pakistan Nursing Council Act (1952,
1973).
• PNC is empowered to license nurses, midwives, lady health visitors
(LHVs) and nursing auxiliaries to practice nursing throughout the
country.
 Functions of PNC

PNC sets the curriculum for the education of Nurses, Midwives, LHVs and Nursing Auxiliaries.
• PNC inspect educational institutions for approval based on established standards.
• PNC provides registration (license) to practice.
• PNC maintains standards of education and practice.
• PNC works closely with the four Provincial Nursing Examination Boards (NEBs).
• PNC plays an advisory role for the overall benefits of nurses, Midwives, LHVs and Nursing in the
country.
• PNC maintains an advisory role for the Federal and Provincial Governments regarding nursing
education and nursing services.
• PNC communicates policy decision regarding nursing education and the welfare of nurses, taken in
council meeting, to governments Nursing institutions NEBs and Armed Forces Nursing services for
implementation.
• PNC prescribe penalties for fraudulent registration by intention of pretense, and removes person
form the register for professional misconduct.
Mission of Pakistan Nursing Council

• Pakistan Nursing Council, as significant participant in the health care

delivery system in the country is dedicated to provide support for the
professional development and competencies of those who study
Nursing, Lady Health Visitors and Midwifery.

• The aims of PNC also include monitoring for implementation of

national standards in Nursing, Health Visitors and Midwifery
education and practice by providing Registration /infrastructure and
arranging continued educational opportunities for registered member.
PNF PAKISTAN NURSING FEDRATION
PAKISTAN NURSING FEDRATION
• PNF Registered on 6 July 1972 by assistant RIGISTRAR joint stock
companies Lahore , under societies ACT 1860 as a successors to
trained nurses association of Pakistan which was founded and dully
registered in 1949.
• Pakistan Nursing Federation (PNF) is an independent non
governmental.
• Professional association of nursing in Pakistan.
• President Nighat Durani
FUNCTION OF PNF
PNF
YNA YOUNG NURSES ASSOCIATION OF
PAKISTAN
NURSES ASSOCIATION IN PAKISTAN
• YNA YOUNG NURSES ASS0CIATION is working association of Pakistan.
• There work for the rights of nurses in Pakistan.
• They deal with all type of issues facing by nursing officers working in
Pakistan.
• President Madam Rozina.