Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur​

Seminar Presentation​
on​
Brain Chips

Presented By​:
AMAN KUMAR SINGH
2021021110
Email:@mmmut.ac.in​

​ Computer Science And Engineering Department

 INTRODUCTION​
 The Brain chip technology is associated with a brain
computer interface chip, computer and brain.​

 The Brain chip is so called because it is implantable computer chip in

brain. ​

 Brain Chip consists of both biological and electronics terms.

 Brain chips can enhance memory of human beings, help paralyzed

patients and are intended for military purposes.​
 WHAT IS A BRAIN CHIP ?

 A chip in the Braingate system is of 100 hair thin electrodes.​

 It senses electromagnetic signature of Neutrons.​

 The Brain chip provides fast and reliable connection between the

brain of a severely disabled person and personal computer​

 What is Braingate Technology ?​

Braingate is a technology that can be implemented in the brain.

When it is implemented in the brain, the electrical signal is
exchanged by neurons within the brain. Those signals are sent to
the brain and it executes body movement
 Principle​
 With intact brain function, brain signals are generated
even though they are not sent to the arms, hands and legs. ​

 The signals are interpreted and transmitted into cursor

movements.​
 HARDWARE COMPONENTS
1. The Chip​
​ 2. The Connector​
 A Four millimeter square silicon chip
studded with 100 hair-thin, The signal from the brain
micro electrodes is embedded in brain’s is transmitted through the
primary motor cortex.​ pedestal plug attached to
 The sensors detects tiny electrical the skull.​
signals generated when a user imagines.
 3. The Converter​
​
The signal travels to an amplifier
where it is converted to optical
data and bounced by fibre-optic
cable to a computer.​
4. The Computer​
 A brain-computer interface uses
electrophysiological signals to control
remote devices. ​
 The Brain Computer Interface which
are invasive is preferable.​
 The electrodes pick up the brain’s
electrical activity (at the microvolt
level) and carry it into amplifiers.​
 SOFTWARE BEHIND BRAINGATE​

Software behind BrainGate System uses algorithms and pattern matching

techniques to facilitate communication. The algorithms are written in C,
JAVA and MATLAB. Signal processing software algorithms analyzes the
electrical activity of neurons and translates it into control signals for use in
various computer-based applications.​
 BRAIN IMPLANT
 Brain implants enhance capability
of human organs and senses.​

 It has a significant role to play

in future genetic engineering fields
and neuro science.​

Futurists predict that from

there, super human artificial
intelligence won't be far behind.​
BASIC BLOCK DIAGRAM OF A BCI SYSTEM INCORPORATING SIGNAL
DETECTION, PROCESSING AND DEPLOYMENT​
​
 First Experimented on …… ​

The first patient, Matthew Nagle,

a 25 year old man with a severe
spinal cord injury, has been
paralyzed from the neck down since
2001. Nagle is unable to move his
arms and legs after he was stabbed
in the neck.​
 Applications:​

 Navigate Internet.
​
 Play Computer Games.​

 Turn Lights On and Off.​

 Control Television.

 Control Robotic Arm.​

This technology is well supported by the latest fields of ​

 Biomedical Instrumentation,​

 Micro electronics, signal processing, ​

 Artificial Neural Networks and Robotics which

has overwhelming developments. ​

 Hope these systems will be effectively implemented for

many Biomedical applications.​
 Benefits of Brain Chips​
 It will increase the dynamic ranging of senses.​

It will give light to blind and give

paralyzed patients full mental control of limbs.​

No genetic modifications in the next generation.

​
Rescue missions (remote controlled rat).​
 Disadvantages:​

 Research is still in the beginning stages.​

 The current technology is crude.​

 Ethical issues may prevent its development.​

 Electrodes outside of the skull can detect very few electric signals
from the brain.​

 Electrodes placed inside the skull create scar tissue in the brain.​
 CONCLUSION
 The BrainGate helps the patients who cannot perform even
simple actions without the help of another person.​

 Such paitents are able to do things like checking e-mails, turn

the TV on or off, and control a prosthetic arm with just their
thoughts. ​

 BrainChip technology does not promise miracles.For instance,

say that a paralysed man will one day walk using an artificial leg
by his thoughts alone.​
 References:
 W.L. Rutten
Annu. Rev. Biomed. eng., 4 (2002), pp. 407-452

 K.D. Wise, D.J. Anderson, J.F. Hetke, D.R. Kipke, K. Najafi

Proc. IEEE (2004), pp. 76-97

 L.R. Hochberg, et al.

Nature, 42 (2006), pp. 256-270

 S. Vassanelli, P. Fromherz
Appl. Phys. A, 66 (1998), pp. 459-463
THANK YOU