NATIONALISTIC OR

PROPAGANDA AND
REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD (1864-
1896)
 CHARACTERISTICS:
• The surge of national consciousness among Filipinos
eventually influenced them to write significant literature
of protest
• Planted seeds of nationalism in Filipinos
• Language shifted from Spanish to Tagalog
PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT

• A movement organized by the Filipinos.

Objectives:
1. to seek reforms and changes in the Spanish government
2. To make Philippines a colony of Spain
3. To get equality between Filipinos and the Spaniards under
the law
4. To bring back Filipino representation in the Spanish
Cortes
5.To give the Filipinos freedom of speech. of the press,
assembly and redress of grievances.
OTHER PROPAGANDISTS
• Antonio Luna
• Mariano Ponce
• Pedro Paterno
• Jose Ma. Panganiban

And many others.

 REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD
• Was more propagandistic and seek for absolute
freedom from the oppressors. These exposes sparked
resistance in the hearts of Filipinos.
• Revolutionary period in our Philippine literary journey
marked a drastic period of inflamed emotions and fiery
rhetoric on the account of achieving freedom from the
chains of tyranny.
 REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD
• Revolutionary period likewise saw various literary
masterpieces written as ammunition and shield in the
ever-changing tide of war to independence.
• Periodicals and magazines were likewise continued to
flourish as both avenue for idea propagation and
vehicle for literary initiatives.
Events which triggered the outbreak of Revolution
include:
 The banishment of Rizal to Dapiatn, Zamboanga del
Norte;
 The establishment of the secret society KKK
(Katipunan);
 The execution of Jose Rizal; and
 The discovery of Katipunan and arrest of its members
 REVOLUTIONARY LEADERS AND WRITERS

• Dr. Jose P. Rizal ( El Filibusterismo, Noli Me Tangere)

• Marcelo H. Del Pilar ( Dasalan at Tocsohan,
Cadaquilaan ng Diyos)
• Graciano Lopez-Jaena ( Fray Botod, La Hiya del Praile)

considered as the principal leaders of the revolution

 REVOLUTIONARY LEADERS AND WRITERS
• Dr. Jose Rizal
• Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado Alonzo y Realonda.
• He used the pen names Dimasalang, Laong Laan, and
May Pagasa.
• His major works include:
1. Noli Me Tangere
2. El Filibusterismo
3. Mi Ultimo Adios
4. A La Juventud Filipina
 REVOLUTIONARY LEADERS AND WRITERS
• Marcelo H. Del Pilar
• His pen name are: Plaridel. Pupdoh, Pepeng Dilat,
Dolores Manapat
• His works include:
1. Kaiingat Kayo
2. Dasalan at Tocsohan
3. Ang Cadaquilaan ng Dios
 REVOLUTIONARY LEADERS AND WRITERS

• Graciano Lopez Jaena

• A most notable hero and genius of the Philippines.
• He used the pen name Diego Laura
• His works include:
1. Fray Botod(Friar Botod)
2. La Hiya del Fraile (The Children of the Friar)
 REVOLUTIONARY LEADERS AND WRITERS
• Andres Bonifacio
• He was deemed as the “Father of Philippine
Revolution”
• He was called the Great Plebeian
• He was recognized as the “Supremo” of “Katipunan
or Kataas-taasan”
• He used “Agapito Bagumbayan” as his nom de guerre
(pen name)
 REVOLUTIONARY LEADERS AND WRITERS
• Andres Bonifacio
• His major written works:
1. Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa(Love of one’s Native
Land)
2. Ang Dapat Mabatid ng mga Tagalog(What the
Tagalog should Know)
3. Huling Paalam (Last Farewell) – translated it from
Spanish into Tagalog tongue
 REVOLUTIONARY LEADERS AND WRITERS
• Emilio Jacinto
• He was deemed as “The Brains of the Katipunan”
• He was the adviser of Bonifacio and the secretary of
the Katipunan.
• He served as editor of Kalayaan, the official
newspaper of Katipunan.
• He became the general of the revolution.
• He used Dimas-Ilaw as pen name.
 REVOLUTIONARY LEADERS AND WRITERS
• Emilio Jacinto
• His major works include:
1. Ang Kartilya ng Katipunan(A Primer Book of
Katipunan)
2. A Mi Madre(To my Mother)
3. Liwanag at Dilim(Light and Darkness)
4. A La Patria(To my Country) – his poetic
masterpiece.
 REVOLUTIONARY LEADERS AND WRITERS

• Apolinario Mabini
• He was deemed as “The Sublime Paralytic”
• He was regarded as “The Brains of Revolution
 REVOLUTIONARY LEADERS AND WRITERS
• Apolinario Mabini
• His major works include:
1. El Verdadero Decalogo(The True Decalogue)
2. El Desarollo y Caida de la Republica Filipina(The
Rise and Fall of the Philippine Republic)
3. Sa Bayang Pilipino(To the Filipino Nation)
4. Pahayag(News)
 REVOLUTIONARY LEADERS AND WRITERS

• Jose Palma
• He was a poet, a writer and a revolutionary soldier
• He wrote the lyrics of the Himno Nacional Filipino
(The Philippine National Anthem) composed by
Julian Felipe which was originally entitled, Marcha
Magdalo.
 REVOLUTIONARY LEADERS AND WRITERS

• Jose Palma
• His major works include:
1. Himno Nacional Filipino (The Philippine National
Anthem)
2. Melancolias(Melanchollies)
3. De Mi Jardin (In my Garden)
 REVOLUTIONARY LEADERS AND WRITERS

• Jose Palma
• His major works include:
1. Himno Nacional Filipino (The Philippine National
Anthem)
2. Melancolias(Melanchollies)
3. De Mi Jardin (In my Garden)
LITERARY FORMS

• 1. Propaganda Literature
- the result of the Filipino`s protest against the
Spanish rule.
- for more than 300 years of silence. Finally they
realized how they were ill-treated by the Spaniards.
A. POLITICAL ESSAYS

• Satires, editorials, and news articles were written to attack and

expose the evils of Spanish rule.
• 1. Diariong Tagalog
first native daily newspaper founded by Marcelo H. Del Pilar
and Pascual H. Poblete on July 1, 1882.
his attacks were directed against the friars whom he
considered to be mainly responsible for the oppression of the
Filipinos.
A. POLITICAL ESSAYS

• 1. Diariong Tagalog
Its main goal was to educate Filipino peasants and
farmers in democratic liberal ideas that would eventually
lead to the Philippines withdrawal from Spain.
This bilingual newspaper (Spanish and Tagalog) only
lasted for three to five months.
ANG AMAIN NAMIN ( DASALAN AT TOCSOHAN)

• Amain naming sumasaconvento ka. sumpain ang ngalan mo,

quitlin ang liig mo dito sa lupa para nang sa langit. Saulan
mo cami ngayon nang aming kaning iyong inaraoarao at
patauanin mo cami sa iyong pagungal para nang pag
patauad mo kung cami`y nacucualtahan; at huag mo
kaming ipahintulot sa iyong manunukso at iadya mo cami sa
masama mong dila. Amen
• Ama namin, sumasalangit ka. Sambahain ang ngalan mo
mapasaamin ang kaharian mo. Sundin ang loob mo dito sa
lupa, Para nang sa langit. Bigyan mo kami ngayon ng aming
kakainin sa araw araw. At patawarin mo kami sa aming sala,
para nang pagpapatawad naming. Sa mga nagkakasala sa
amin. At huwag mo kaming ipahintulot sa tukso, at iadya mo
kami sa lahat ng masama. Sapagkat kayoing kaharian, at
kapangyarihan, at ang kadakilaan, magpakailanman amen.
LA SOLIDARIDAD
• First issued on February 15, 1889.
• Served as the principal organ of the reform
movement.
• This work highlights the publication’s goals of
gathering progressive and liberal ideas, promoting
democracy as a concept and uncovering the
problems ailing the country’s entire population.
 LA SOLIDARIDAD
• Graciano Lopez Jaena
editor
• The majority of La Solidaridad’s contributors were
Filipinos including:
• Marcelo H. Del Pilar, Dr. Jose P. Rizal, Mariano Ponce,
Antonio Luna, Jose Ma. Panganiban, Dr. Perdo
Paterno, etc.
B. POLITICAL NOVELS

• Noli Me Tangere
• El Filibusterismo
both made by Dr. Jose Rizal and masterpiece
that paved the way to the revolution.
NOLI ME TANGERE

• The First novel of Jose P. Rizal that inflame the

spirit of revolution of the Filipinos and exploits
the abuse of manpower by the friar. It also talks
about reality, what is the exact happening in our
country when Spaniards colonized Philippines.
EL FILIBUSTERISMO

• The second novel by Jose P. Rizal. it’s the

sequel of the first novel Noli Me Tangere, to
seek for revenge against the Spanish
Philippine system. That’s start the revolution
between Filipinos vs. Spaniards
2. REVOLUTIONARY LITERATURE

• Political Essays
helped inflame the spirit of revolution.

• Poetry
OUR MOTHER TONGUE (POEM BY DR. JOSE
RIZAL WHEN HE WAS ONLY EIGHT YEARS OLD)

If truly a people dearly love one who doesn’t love his native tongue

The tongue to them by heaven sent, is worse than putrid fish and beast
They`ll surely yearn for liberty and like a truly precious thing
Like a bird above in the firmament. It therefore deserves to be cherished.

Because by its language one can judge the tagalog language`s akin to latin,
A town, a barrio, and kingdom; to English, Spanish , angelical tongue;
And like and any other created thing for god who knows how to look after us
Every human being loves his freedom. This language he bestowed us upon.
As others, our language is the same
With alphabet and letters of its own,
It was lost because a storm did destroy
On the lake the Bangka 1 in years bygone.