Learning the Probability Notations Under the

Normal Curve
P(a < z < b) denotes the probability that the z-
score is between a and b.
P(z >a) denotes the probability that the z-score is
greater than a.
P(z < a) denotes the probability that the z-score
is less than a.
P(a ≤ z ≤ b) = P(a < z < b)

STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY SAMSUDIN N. ABDULLAH, Ph.D.

Example 1 : Find the
proportion of the area
that corresponds to
z=1.5
 Example 2: Find the
proportion of the area
that corresponds to
z=-1.32
 Example 3: Find the
proportion of the area
that corresponds to
z=-2.58
Example 4 : Find the
proportion of the area
between z=1 and z=-1
Example 5 : Find the
proportion of the area
between z=-1.5 and z=2
Example 6 : What is the
proportion of the area
of the region between
z=1 and z=2
Example 7 : Find the
proportion of the area
of the region between
z=-2 and z=-3
Learning the Probability Notations Under the
Normal Curve
P(a < z < b) denotes the probability that the z-
score is between a and b.
P(z >a) denotes the probability that the z-score is
greater than a.
P(z < a) denotes the probability that the z-score
is less than a.
Example 1 : Find the
proportion of the area
greater than z=1.
Example 2 : Find the
proportion of the area
above z=-1.
Example 3 : Find the
proportion of the area
under the normal curve
above z=1.
Example 4 : What is the
proportion of the area
to the left of z=-1.2.
Example 5 : What is the
proportion of the area
below z=1.45.
Example 6 : What is the
proportion of the area
between z=1 and z=2.
Example 7 : What is the
proportion of the area
between z=-1 and z=-
2.65.
 Locating
Percentiles under
the Normal Curve
 Percentiles are expressions of
relative standing. When a specific
score is compared to the remaining
scores in a distribution, the
percentile serve this purpose.
“First honor”
“Top ten in a board examination”
“A raw score of 90%”
 Percentiles is a measurement of relative
standing. It is descriptive measure of the
relationship of a measurement to the rest of
the data.
Example 1.
Having obtained a score of 85 in a recently
concluded unit test in Science, John wanted
to know he fared in comparison with his
classmates. His teacher told him that he
scored at the 90th percentile. Draw a normal
curve to show John’s relative standing.
Example 2.
What percentile is depicted in the sketch of
the normal curve?
Example 3.
What does 50th percentile lie under the
normal curve?
Example 4.
What z score represents the percentile of the
distribution?
 QUARTILE
DECILE
PERCENTILE
1. 1 quartile
2. 5 decile
C. Determine the area of the region indicated
by the following. Draw a normal curve for
each.
1. -1 < z < 1
2. -2 < z < 2
3. -1.5 < z < 2.5
4. 0.18 < z < 3.2
5. -3 < z < 1.65
6. -0.1 < z < 1.47
7. -2.33 < z < 1.64
8. -2.88 < z < 3
9. -1.96 < z < 1.96
10. -2.96 < z < -0.01
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY SAMSUDIN N. ABDULLAH, Ph.D.
 Find the area of the shaded region of the normal curve.
1.

A = 0.3413 or 34.13%

STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY SAMSUDIN N. ABDULLAH, Ph.D.

 2.

A = 2(0.4938)

= 0.9876 or 98.76%

STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY SAMSUDIN N. ABDULLAH, Ph.D.

 3.

2.
-1.25

A = 0.5 – 0.3944

= 0.1056 or 10.56%

STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY SAMSUDIN N. ABDULLAH, Ph.D.

 4.

A = 0.4938 + 0.2734

= 0.7672 or 76.72%

STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY SAMSUDIN N. ABDULLAH, Ph.D.

 5.

A = (0.50 – 0.3944) + (0.4772 – 0.1915)

= 0.1056 + 0.2857

= 0.3913 or 39.13%

STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY SAMSUDIN N. ABDULLAH, Ph.D.

 A = 0.5 – 0.3944

= 0.1056 or 10.56%
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY SAMSUDIN N. ABDULLAH, Ph.D.
 A = 0.5 – 0.3944 + 0.4772 – 0.3159
= 0.1056 + 0.1613
= 0.2669 or 26.69%
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY SAMSUDIN N. ABDULLAH, Ph.D.
 A = 0.5 – 0.3944 + 0.3413 + 0.5 – 0.3159
= 0.1056 + 0.3413 + 0.1841
= 0.6310 or 63.10%
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY SAMSUDIN N. ABDULLAH, Ph.D.
 -2.75

A = 0.5 – 0.4970

= 0.003 or 0.30%
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY SAMSUDIN N. ABDULLAH, Ph.D.
 -2.75

A = 0.5 – 0.4970 + 0.3944

= 0.003 + 0.3944
= 0.3974 or 39.74%
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY SAMSUDIN N. ABDULLAH, Ph.D.
 -2.75

A = 0.5 – 0.4970 + 0.3944 + 0.5 – 0.4394

= 0.003 + 0.3944 + 0.0606
= 0.458 or 45.80%
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY SAMSUDIN N. ABDULLAH, Ph.D.
 A = 1 – 2(0.4750)
= 1 – 0.95
= 0.05 or 5%
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY SAMSUDIN N. ABDULLAH, Ph.D.
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY SAMSUDIN N. ABDULLAH, Ph.D.
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY SAMSUDIN N. ABDULLAH, Ph.D.