CENTURION UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND

MANAGEMENT.
APPLIED ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
What is calorific value ? Determination of gross calorific value
and net calorific value using bomb calorimeter.
PRESENTED BY:NIRAKAR RATH
REGD NO:230101120066
PROGRAM: BTECH
BRANCH:CSE
SECTION:D
SUBJECT CODE: CUTM1010
GUIDED BY:NARAYAN GOUDO
Introduction to Calorific Value

Calorific value is a measure of the amount of

energy produced through the combustion of a
substance.

It is typically expressed in units of energy per

unit mass, such as joules per gram or kilojoules
per kilogram.

Calorific value is important in determining the

efficiency and energy content of fuels.

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Gross Calorific Value (GCV)

Gross calorific value, also known as higher

heating value, includes the heat released when
water vapor formed during combustion is
condensed.

It represents the total amount of heat produced

when a fuel is completely burned.

GCV is determined using a bomb calorimeter,

which measures the heat of combustion of a
substance.

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Net Calorific Value (NCV)

Net calorific value, also known as lower heating

value, excludes the heat of vaporization of
water in the products of combustion.

NCV provides a more realistic measure of the

energy content available for use in a process or
system.

NCV is calculated from GCV by subtracting the

heat of vaporization of water.

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Bomb Calorimeter

A bomb calorimeter is a device used to

determine the calorific value of a substance by
measuring the heat of combustion.

It consists of a strong steel bomb containing the

sample, oxygen, and an ignition source.

The bomb is submerged in a known volume of

water, and the temperature change of the water
is used to calculate the calorific value.

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Determination of Gross Calorific Value

To determine GCV using a bomb calorimeter, a

known mass of the sample is placed in the
bomb and ignited.

The heat released during combustion raises the

temperature of the water in the calorimeter.

By measuring the temperature change and

knowing the heat capacity of the calorimeter,
the GCV of the sample can be calculated.

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Determination of Net Calorific Value

NCV is calculated from GCV by subtracting the

heat of vaporization of water formed during
combustion.

The heat of vaporization of water is known,

allowing for an accurate determination of NCV.

NCV provides a more practical measure of the

energy content available for use in heating or
power generation applications.

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Applications of Calorific Value

Calorific value is used in various industries to

assess the energy content of fuels.

It is important for determining the efficiency of

combustion processes and optimizing energy
usage.

Calorific value is also crucial in the

development of alternative fuels and renewable
energy sources.

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Conclusion

In conclusion, calorific value is a crucial

parameter for assessing the energy content of
fuels.

Determination of both gross and net calorific

values using bomb calorimetry provides
valuable information for energy applications.

Understanding calorific value helps in

optimizing fuel usage and developing
sustainable energy solutions.

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References

Holman, J. P. (2016). Experimental Methods for

Engineers. McGraw-Hill Education.

ASTM International. (2010). Standard Test

Method for Gross Calorific Value of Coal and
Coke. ASTM D5865-10.

National Institute of Standards and Technology.

(2002). Standard Reference Data Program:
NIST Chemistry WebBook.

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THANK YOU