Unit 3
Energy and Matter
Chapter 11
The periodic table
Lesson 1
Using the periodic table
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objectives
- define the periodic table .
-mention how the periodic table
improved
- describe the elements in groups
and periods
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I am Dmitri Mendeleev!
I made the PERIODIC TABLE !
Why it is called the
periodic table?
Periodic means
Repeating pattern
The periodic table is
• A chart that of the
elements arranged into
rows and columns
according to their physical
and chemical properties
Group = a column in the periodic table
The groups are
numbered 1-18
The groups are
numbered 1-18
What does the PERIODIC TABLE
show?
oShows all known elements
in the universe.
oOrganizes the elements
by their physical and
chemical properties.
Demetri Mendeleev
arranged the Elements
according to the atomic
mass
The atomic mass increase from left to right.
Henry Moseley
Arranged the elements
according to the Atomic
number
Why did he change the way Elements are arranged ?
Elements in the same group have
similar chemical properties
They react with other elements in the
same way
The physical properties are in a pattern
These elements have the
same physical property
There are 7 periods
The physical and
chemical properties
change
New elements are made in laboratories by
scientist named and added to the periodic table
Those four elements are
synthetic made by scientist
The elements can
be classified as metals, nonmetals, or metalloids.
Metals, Nonmetals and Metalloids
• Almost three-fourth of the elements in the periodic table are metals.
• Metals are on the left side and middle of the periodic table.
• Nonmetals are located on the right side of the periodic table (except
Hydrogen that is on the left side of the periodic table).
• Metalloids are between metals and nonmetals on the periodic table.
Metals vs Nonmetals
Metals Nonmetals
• Shiny • Dull
• Good conductor of heat and electricity • Poor conductors of heat and electricity
• Malleable and ductile • Brittle (easy to break)
• Higher melting and boiling points • Lower melting and boiling points
• Higher density • Lower density
• Usually solids at room temperature. • Can be solid, liquid, or a gas at room
temperature.
All metals are solid in
Except ? Mercury
room temperature
Mercury is a liquid metal
All metals are solid in room temperature
Except ?
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Malleability
The ability of
metals to be
hammered or
rolled into
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sheets
Malleability
Ductility
The ability to be pulled into thin wires
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Page 398
Periods
Groups
Atomic number
Metalloids
Nonmetals
1- metal
2- non metal
