Roots of Algebraic Equations

I. Bracketed Methods

Bisection Method
 Where is the Root?
F(x1)

F(x)>0

x2
x1

F(x)<0
F(x2)
 Mathematically

If f(x1) . f(x2)<0
Then the root can be found
x1 > x > x 2
 Bisection Method Steps Graphically
F(x1) F(x1).F(xavg1)<0
F(x2).F(xavg1)>0
x1>root>xavg1

Xavg1=0.5(x1+x2)

x1 x2

F(xavg1)

F(x2)
 Bisection Method Steps Graphically
F(x1) F(x1).F(xavg2)>0
F(xavg1).F(xavg2)<0
xavg2>root>xavg1
F(xavg2)

x1 Xavg2= xavg1 x2
0.5(x1+xavg1)

F(xavg1)

F(x2)
 Keep Going
• Repeat the same steps on and on till you reach the % accuracy
you specify.

𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑹𝒆𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒆𝒓𝒓𝒐𝒓 ( 𝜺𝒂 )=

| 𝒙 𝒏𝒆𝒘 |
𝒙 𝒏𝒆𝒘 − 𝒙 𝒐𝒍𝒅
%
Keep in Mind
 In Ms Excel
x1 xavg x2 F(x1) F(xavg) F(x2) %Error
a b c d e f
b c
d.e > 0 e.f < 0

x1 xavg x2 F(x1) F(xavg) F(x2) %Error

a b c d e f
a b
d.e < 0 e.f > 0
Let’s go to MS Excel