SREE RAMA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi - Affiliated to JNTUA, Ananthapuramu)
An ISO 9001:2015 & ISO 14001:2015 certified Institution
Rami Reddy Nagar, Karakambadi road, Tirupati-517507
Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Tittle:Dual axis solar tracking system
Guide : Presented By :
Mr.D.Poorna Chandra Reddy Roll no Name
Department of ECE, 1)204C1A0426 B.ANIL KUMAR
SREE RAMA ENGINEERING COLLEGE. 2)204C1A0460 K.VISHNU VARDHAN
3)204C1A0413 A.CHIRANJEEVI
4)204C1A0444 G.CHANDU SAGAR
5)204C1A0431 C.SUDHARSHAN
1
CONTENTS:-
• Abstract
• Introduction
• What is Solar Tracking System
• Hardware and Software Components
• Existing System
• Proposed System
• Advantages
• Applications
• Conclusion
• Result 2
*ABSTRACT:-
In future nonrenewable resources, people are considering to
use the alternate source of energy. from all other available
resources solar energy is the most abundant in nature. It is also
easily converted into electrical energy. Use of solar panel to
convert sun’s energy to electrical is very popular. The project
uses a dummy solar panel coupled with “Two servo motors”
to track the sun with the help of “FOUR LDRS”. In Further this
project can be enhanced by using RTC(Real Time Clock) to
*INTRODUCTION:-
A dual-axis solar tracking system is a mechanism that allows solar
panels to adjust their position in two directions: (horizontal) and
(vertical).
This tracking system enables solar panels to continuously face the
sun throughout the day, maximizing energy generation by optimizing
the angle of incidence.
An eco-friendly method of utilizing solar energy for maximum energy
consumption is “Dual Axis Solar Tracking System”.
*WHAT IS SOLAR TRACKING
:-
A solar tracker tracks the maximum
solar energy.
Solar tracker is a device which orients
solar panel towards the sun light.
There are mainly two types:- single-
axis and dual-axis tracking systems.
Single-axis systems adjust panels
along one axis (usually horizontal),
while dual-axis systems adjust panels
along both horizontal and vertical axis..
*HARDWARE
COMPONENTS:-
Arduino uno
LDRs
Servo motor
Step down Transformer
LCD
SOFTWARE COMPONENTS:-
ARDUINO IDE
*SOFTWARE
COMPONENT:-
Arduino is a prototype platform
(open-source) based on an easy-
to-use hardware and software.
It consists of a circuit board,
which can be programmed
(referred to as a microcontroller)
and a ready-made software called
Arduino IDE
*HARDWARE
COMPONENTS:-
We need to develop a prototype of
dual axis solar tracking system
based on microcontroller.
“PAN TILT MODULE” is used to axis
the sun light.
The resistance of “LDR” decreases *B
with increasing light intensity.
* BLOCK DIAGRAM
”FOUR LDRs” are used for detecting
the direction of light.
*ARDUINO UNO:-
The Arduino uno is microcontroller
board based on ATmega328
It has 14 digital inputs/output
pins( 6 can be used as a PWM
outputs),6 analog inputs
It has number of
libraries ,including one for servo
motor control
The input supply needed is ideally
7-12V DC
*Servo motor:
We use two servo motors in dual axis
solar tracking system (one is x-axis
and another one is y-axis)
Function of the servo motor is to
convert the control signal of the
controller into the rotational angular
displacement of the motor output
shaft.
In servo motor three wire
connection .
1. Brown wire to use –ve supply
2. Red wire to use +ve supply
3. Orange wire signal or output
*Light Dependent Resistor
(LDR):-
Light dependent resistor
works on the principle
that ,if intensity of light
increases than its
resistance decreases and
thus more current flows
throught it
It can be used as a
sensors.
*Solar pannel:
A solar panel, also know as a
photovoltaic (PV) panel ,is a
device that converts sunlight
into electricity through the
photovoltaic effect
It consists of multiple solar cells
made up of semiconductor
materials such as silicon which
Solar panel
generate direct current (DC)
electricity when exposed to
sunlight
*EXISTING SYSTEM
*A single-axis solar tracking system is a mechanism
designed to orient solar panels o along one axis to
maximize their exposure to sunlight throughout the day.
*There are two main types of single-axis solar tracking
systems:
*Horizontal Single-Axis Tracking: This system rotates the
solar panels around a horizontal axis, typically aligned with
the north-south direction.
*Vertical Single-Axis Tracking: In this system, the solar
panels are tilted along a vertical axis, typically east to west.
* PROPOSED SYSTEM
The dual-axis is a service good as to single axis however it captures
the solar energy more productively by rotating within the horizontal
as well as vertical axis.
It can use 4 LDR sensors, 2 servo motor and Arduino
microcontroller consists our proposed system.
One motor is used to track the sun’s east – west route and another
motor that is used to tilt the tracker within the sun’s north-south
route.
This two servo motor and four LDR sensors are interfaced with a
microcontroller that’s scheming servo motor on the base of sensor’s
input .
Sun light sense by LDR sensors and send a signal to Arduino
microcontroller.
The microcontroller received signals from LDR sensors and its
deciding rotation direction of servo motors.
*ADVANTAGES
*Increased Energy Production.
*Improved Efficiency
*Power can gain more compared to fixed axis.
*Enhanced Performance in variable Conditions
*APPLICATIONS
Dual axis solar tracker can be used for large & medium
scale power generations.
It may be used a domestic backup power system.
It can be used in solar street light system.
It may be used in water treatment technologies and
solar heating.
*CONCLUSION:-
The invention of solar tracking system hepls us improve the
performance of PV solar system in a simple way.
Improved the utilization rate of solar energy and efficiency of PV
power generation system.
It may highlight improved efficiency compared to fixed system.
We can build the solar tracking system easily cost saving over
time.
Future scope:
➢ Challenges are how it works in case there is obstacle
in
direction of sunlight i.e. clouds in the sky or in case
oflighting the idea is to make system smart that it
automatically gets shut down to save energy.
➢ IoT based support is provided so we can fetch
amount
of power generated in our computer system or
smartphone in real time
*References
• Rizk J. and Chaiko Y. “Solar Tracking System: More Efficient Use of
Solar Panels”, World Academy of Science, Engineering and
Technology 41 2008.
• Filfil Ahmed Nasir, Mohussen Deia Halboot, Dr. Zidan Khamis A.
“Microcontroller-Based Sun Path Tracking System”, Eng. & Tech.
Journal, Vol. 29, No.7, 2011
• Alimazidi Mohammad, Gillispie J, Mazidi, Rolin D. McKinlay, “The
8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems”, An imprint of Pearson
Education.
• Mehta V K, Mehta Rohit, “Principles of Electronics”, S. Chand &
Company Ltd.
*RESULT:-
Figure shows final
view of “DUAL AXIS
SOLAR TRACKING
SYSTEM”
Thank You
