AFA I CHAPTER: Threaded Fasteners
Threaded
Fasteners
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AFA I
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AFA I
Forces
Clamping force between
two surfaces
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AFA I
Forces
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AFA I
High Stress Areas
Nut
First thread root First exposed thread
Shank
Underhead fillet
Washer face
Bolt head
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AFA I
Manufacturing
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AFA I
Manufacturing
Bolts are cold formed
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AFA I
Manufacturing Cut Vs Rolled Thread
CUT THREAD ROLLED THREAD
CUT THREAD ROLLED THREAD
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AFA I
Caterpillar Bolts
Standard Cat bolts have grade
8 Classification
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AFA I
Marking Metric - Inch
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AFA I
Torquing
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AFA I
Nuts
Lower Hardness
than the Bolt
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AFA I
Knurled Bolts
Provide better fit
in bolt hole
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AFA I
Threads
This bolt have been torqued
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AFA I
Abnormal Stress Raisers
•• Pits
•• Nicks
•• Gouges
•• Cracks
Where ?
•• Threads
•• Shank
•• Under head Fillet
•• Washer Faces
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AFA I
Fatigue Fracture Abnormal Stress raiser
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AFA I
Fatigue Fracture Abnormal Stress raiser
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AFA I
Fatigue Fracture
Fatigue fracture at
high stress area with
no abnormal stress
raiser indicate
cyclic overload
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AFA I
Fatigue Fracture Bending
Bolts are not supposed to
carry bending loads
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AFA I
Loose Joint No Preload
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AFA I
Fatigue Fracture Bending
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AFA I
Fatigue Fracture Bending
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AFA I
Fatigue Fracture Reverse Bending
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AFA I
Fatigue Fracture Bending
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AFA I
Fretting
Cyclically overloaded or
slightly loose joint
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AFA I
Fretting Bolt vibrating
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AFA I
Ductile Fracture Single Overload
Bending load
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AFA I
Ductile Fracture Over torque
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AFA I
Ductile Fracture Over torque
Dark rough fracture
Polished threads
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AFA I
Ductile Fracture “Bulleting”
Plastic deformation
Heat discoloration
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AFA I
Impact Shear
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AFA I
Fracture Comparison
Impact Fatigue Ductile
Shear Fracture Bending
Fracture
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AFA I
Fastener Problems
• Material
• Forming
• Hardening
• Threading
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AFA I
Pre-crack Rolling Seam
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AFA I
Pre-crack Rolling Seam
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AFA I
Pre-crack Rolling Seam
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AFA I
Forming Problems
Not hot enough during forming
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AFA I
Stress Corrosion Cracking
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AFA I
Stress Corrosion Cracking
Bolt failed when machine
was not in use
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AFA I
Stress Corrosion Cracking
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AFA I
Stress Corrosion Cracking
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AFA I
Stress Corrosion Cracking
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AFA I
Heat treating Problems
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AFA I
Heat treating Problems
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AFA I
Loose Nuts
Last thread of 2 stripped
Thread damaged after nut come of
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