Reading Comprehension Strategies
Reading Comprehension Strategies
Direction: Guess
the hidden words
that are associated
with reading
through
configuration.
Done at a speed three
to four times faster
than normal reading
Done at a speed three
to four times faster
than normal reading
Quickly reading a text
to get the summary
of it.
Quickly reading a text to
get the summary of it.
An approach that
takes a large amount
of reading
An approach that takes a
large amount of reading
An action or skill or reading
written or printed matter
silently or aloud.
An action or skill or reading
written or printed matter
silently or aloud.
A way of dealing
with something
A way of dealing with
something
READIN
G
APPROACHES
What is an
approach?
• Approach or
method is the
teacher’s way to
transfer knowledge
to the students
• The way to
transfer is
dependent on the
student’s need and
teacher creativity.
• The teacher
should use an
appropriate
approach to achieve
learning goals.
Reading Comprehension Strategies
Reading
Approach
• Teachers use reading
approach as one of the
methods in teaching
English. This approach is
one way of solving
students’ reading
Students are demanded
to read more to improve
their knowledge and get
new ideas. Inferencing,
guessing, and predicting
are important skills
. By reading, students will know
about the differences of culture by
reading across cultural
understanding, and they will learn
how to pronounce the words
correctly. In reading approach,
students are expected to improve
their English skills.
Skimming
• It is used to identify
the main ideas of a
text. The goal is to
read shorter texts to
extract accurate
detailed information.
Skimming is done at a
speed three to four times
faster than regular
reading. People often skim
when they have lots of
material to read in a
Some students will read the first
and last paragraphs using
headings, summarizes and other
organizers as they move down
the page or screen. Some might
also read the title, subtitles,
subheadings, and illustrations.
Other people consider reading
the first sentence of each
paragraph. Skimming works
well to find dates, names, and
places. It might be used to
review graphs, tables, and
This technique is useful
when you are seeking
specific information rather
than reading for
comprehension.
Scannin
g
• Scanning is quickly
reading a text to get the
summary of it. It is a
technique wherein
students search for
keywords or ideas.
Scanning involves
moving eyes quickly
down the page
seeking specific
words and phrases.
Scanning is also used
for the reader to find
answers to questions.
Once a student scanned
the document, they will
go back and skim it.
Extensive
reading
• Extensive Reading is
an approach to
language learning,
including foreign
language learning, by
means of a large
amount of reading.
The reader’s view and
review of unfamiliar
words in a specific
context will allow the
reader to infer the word’s
meaning, to learn
Extensive Reading is the free
reading of books and other
written material that is not too
difficult for readers. Extensive
Reading is sometimes called
Free Voluntary Reading.
Reading Comprehension Strategies
Asian
Literature
Reading Comprehension Strategies
Arabic Literature
Chinese Literature
Egyptian Literature
Indian Literature
Israeli Literature
Japanese Literature
Reading Comprehension Strategies
English
Literature
Reading Comprehension Strategies
American
literature
European
Literature
French Literature
Italian literature
Greek literature
Spanish Literature
African
Literature
Reading Comprehension Strategies
ELEMENTS
OF THE
GENRE
Reading Comprehension Strategies
a. Character
b. Point of
view
c. Plot
Reading Comprehension Strategies
d. Setting
e. Irony
f. Theme
A.
CHARACTER
An imagined
person or figure
who plays in a
story.
A character is not
only limited to
humans. They serve
as models who a
writer uses to
TYPES OF
CHARACTERS
1.Protagonist is the
center of the story.
Major events unfold to
this character.
Example: Little Red
Riding Hood,
2. Antagonist
serves as the
opposite of the
main character.
Example: The Fox,
3. Flat- as a
character does not
change much or at
all throughout the
story.
Foil character
reflects the
opposite of a
character in a
story.
Dynamic Character is
someone who changes
throughout the story.
Learning and developing of
this figure is evident in the
story. Example: Crisostomo
Ibarra (Noli Me Tangere)
Confidante is someone
or something the main
character receives
comfort and trust.
Example: Elias (Noli Me
Tangere)
B. POINT OF
VIEW
It pertains to the
narrator in the
story, the vantage
point from where
readers observe.
TYPES OF
POINT OF
VIEW
1.FIRST PERSON POV
REFERS AS NARRATOR IS
PARTICIPANT IN THE
ACTION- USES
PRONOUNS I OR WE. THE
NARRATOR MAY EITHER
BE A MAJOR OR MINOR
CHARACTER.
2. SECOND PERSON
POV USES TO TELL A
STORY TO ANOTHER
CHARACTER WITH
THE WORD ‘YOU’.
THIRD PERSON POV IS THE
MOST COMMON POINT OF
VIEW. IT USES PRONOUNS
“HE”, “SHE”, AND “THEY” -
EMPLOYS A NONPARTICIPANT
NARRATOR WHO CAN USUALLY
MOVE FROM PLACE TO PLACE
TO DESCRIBE ACTION AND
ALL-KNOWING POINT OF
VIEW (OMNISCIENT) SEES
INTO THE MINDS OF ALL
CHARACTERS, MOVING
FROM ONE CHARACTER
TO ANOTHER WHEN
NEEDED.
Reading Comprehension Strategies
C. PLOT
Reading Comprehension Strategies
This refers to the
major events that
move the action in a
narrative. It is the
sequence of major
events in a story.
Reading Comprehension Strategies
PARTS OF
PLOT
Reading Comprehension Strategies
1.EXPOSITIO
N
Reading Comprehension Strategies
Exposition is the
beginning of the
story, revealing
characters,
background and
Reading Comprehension Strategies
2. RISING
ACTION
Reading Comprehension Strategies
Rising Action shows
events in the story
which become
complicated till a
conflict is revealed.
Reading Comprehension Strategies
D. CONFLICT
Reading Comprehension Strategies
Two types of
conflict:
• Internal Conflict
• External Conflict
• Internal conflict
is a struggle in
one's self that is
Character vs
Self.
• External conflict is a
struggle with outside
forces.
Three subtypes:
-Man vs. Man
-Man vs. Nature
-Man vs. Society
3. CLIMAX
Climax is the peak of the
story which evokes
heighten emotions and
urgent actions. It is a
situation where a choice
must be made that will
affect the rest of the
4. FALLING
ACTION
Falling Action is the
part where a
resolution begins,
and complication
starts to fall into
5. RESOLUTION
Resolution is the
ending of the
story. Showing
how the conflict
is solved.
D. Setting
The setting is the
context in which the
story takes place. The
three main components
of the setting are the
time, the place, and
the social environment.
• Place- geographical
location
• Time – historical
period, time of day,
year, etc
• Weather condition
(rainy, sunny,
• Social conditions
(daily life of the
character,
customs ,costumes,
mannerisms etc.)
• Mood or
atmosphere
Reading Comprehension Strategies
E. IRONY
Reading Comprehension Strategies
Irony is figure of
speech in which
words are used to
mean the opposite
of their actual
meanings.
Reading Comprehension Strategies
THREE
KINDS OF
IRONY
Reading Comprehension Strategies
Verbal Irony- is
used when a
character says
what he or she
does not actually
mean.
Reading Comprehension Strategies
Situational Irony
occurs when, for
instance, a man
chuckles at the
misfortune of
another, even when
the same misfortune
Reading Comprehension Strategies
Dramatic Irony- the
characters are unaware of
the situation but the reader
knows an important
information. In Romeo and
Juliet, the readers know
much earlier that the
characters will die towards
Reading Comprehension Strategies
F. THEME
The central or
main idea of a
literary work.
Reading Comprehension Strategies
LITERARY
TECHNIQUES
of GENRE
Reading Comprehension Strategies
• Allegory pertains to the
symbolic representations
of truths or
generalizations about
human existence.
Allegories are characters
and events in the story
that evoke hidden
Reading Comprehension Strategies
For instance, The Lion, the
Witch, and the Wardrobe by
C.S. Lewis is a religious
allegory. In it, we find that
Aslan the lion represents
Christ or God, the White
Witch represents evil, and
Edmund represents Judas
Iscariot as the betrayer.
Reading Comprehension Strategies
• Symbolism is used when
word, object, action or
figures/characters in the
story means other than its
literal meaning. As
examples, an owl connotes
wisdom, weighing scale
represents justice and
alike.
Reading Comprehension Strategies
• Foreshadowing is a
literary device in
which a writer
reveals an advance
clue of what is to
come later in the
story.
Reading Comprehension Strategies
• Flashbacking as a literary
technique presenting a
memory set in the past.
Figurative language refers
to a language which
transcends from typical
manner and definition to
relay a complex meaning,
vivid writing, or
Reading Comprehension Strategies
These are the following:
simile, metaphor,
personification, hyperbole,
synecdoche, and
onomatopoeia. These
literary devices have been
used explicitly to achieve
creative writing.
Reading Comprehension Strategies
1. Reading Approach is an
approach wherein students
are demanded to read
more to improve their
knowledge and get new
ideas.
Reading Comprehension Strategies
2. Students will know
the different cultures by
reading across cultural
understanding in
reading.
Reading Comprehension Strategies
3. In reading
approach, students are
expected to improve
their English Skills.
Reading Comprehension Strategies
4. In skimming,
the main idea of a
text is quickly
identified
Reading Comprehension Strategies
5. Skimming is done
at a speed three to
four times faster than
normal reading.
Reading Comprehension Strategies
6. Skimming works well
to find dates, names, and
places. Scanning is
quickly
reading a text to get the
summary of it.
Reading Comprehension Strategies
7. Scanning involves
moving the eyes quickly
down the page seeking
specific
words and phrases.
Reading Comprehension Strategies
8. Extensive Reading is an
approach where the reader’s view
and review of
unknown words in specific
context will allow the reader to
infer the word’s
meaning, to learn unfamiliar
words.
Reading Comprehension Strategies
9. Extensive Reading
is sometimes called
Free Voluntary
Reading.
Direction: Complete
the following table
with definitions from
the discussion and
your own definition.
B. Direction: Analyze the verse and
explore the content, theme, setting, and
message of the poem by creating a
visual poem. Include a short background
of the author in the visual poem. Search
for images or you can take a video that
support the required elements of the
poem. You may select any multi-media
tools that suit your skills and availability
of
gadget.
Multiple Choice.
Choose the letter of the
best answer. Write the
chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. It is reading a longer text, usually for
pleasure.
a. extensive reading b. scanning c.
skimming d. reading approach
2. It is one way that will help students to
solve their problems in reading.
a. reading approach b. extensive reading c.
skimming d. scanning
3. It is used by the reader to find answers to
questions.
a. skimming c. extensive reading
b. reading approach d. scanning
4. This technique is useful when the students
are seeking specific information rather than
reading for comprehension.
c. reading approach c. skimming
d. b. scanning d. extensive reading
5. Mina wants to answer questions quickly, so
she looked for specific titles in the selection.
She used ______.
a. skimming c. extensive reading
b. scanning d. reading approach
6. Randie quickly understood the main idea of
the poem he is reading. He used ______.
c. extensive reading c. scanning
d. reading approach d. skimming
7. Princess loves reading novels
and short stories. It improves her
vocabulary a lot. She is using
______.
a. reading approach c.skimming
b. scanning d. extensive reading
8. Ma’am Karen encouraged her
students to read a lot and use techniques
in understanding the text and improving
their knowledge. She is talking about
______.
a. extensive reading c. reading
approach
b. scanning d. skimming
Direction: Complete the
following sentences
below.
9. In this lesson, I
learned that skimming is
_________.
10. I learned that
1. It is reading a longer text, usually for
pleasure.
a. extensive reading c. skimming
b. scanning d. reading approach
2. It is one way that will help students to
solve their problems in reading.
c. reading approach c. skimming
d. extensive reading d. scanning
3. It is used by the reader to find answers to
questions.
a. skimming c. extensive reading
b. reading approach d. scanning
4. This technique is useful when the students
are seeking specific information rather than
reading for comprehension.
c. reading approach c. skimming
d. b. scanning d. extensive reading
5. Mina wants to answer questions quickly, so
she looked for specific titles in the selection.
She used ______.
a. scanning d. reading approach
b. skimming c. extensive reading
6. Randie quickly understood the main idea of
the poem he is reading. He used ______.
c. extensive reading c. scanning
d. reading approach d. skimming
7. Princess loves reading novels and short stories. It
improves her vocabulary a lot. She is using ______.
a. reading approach c. skimming
b. scanning d. extensive reading
8. Ma’am Karen encouraged her students to read a
lot and use techniques in understanding the text and
improving their knowledge. She is talking about
______.
c. extensive reading c. reading approach
d. scanning d. skimming
