Topic: Production Technology Of Linseed

Represented Section-F

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nos: 107 to 134

Production Technology Of Linseed

Linseed

Botanical Name:

Linium ustitatissimum

English Name: Linseed Common(Local) Name: Alsi Family: Linaceae

Origin & History:

Its probably originated from Mediterranean regions, where Linium angustifolium was cultivated .Originated by natural hybridization between wild flax (Linium angustifolium) and cultivated forms the ancient people grow linseed for fiber. 'Alsi' is cultivated in India, Pakistan, Egypt, Russia and Europe. Its temperament is hot and dry in the first degree.

Crop Botany

Stem: Is tiny and round 50-100 cm tall Root: This crop contains tap root system. Flower: It has dark red, white and blue colored flowers. Fruit: is a capsule like and contain about 10 shiny and flat seeds of different colors. The seed of linseed is small, flat, oval, brown or fawn or yellow colored, glossy in appearance

Mode of Pollination and Economic Importance

Mode of Pollination It is a self pollinated crop. Economic importance: Its seed contain 20-25% Protein 30-40% Oil Content.

Uses of Linseed:

It is used in Pant and Varnishes It is used in making canvas Its oil cake is feeded to animals. Seeds are used as medicine. The decoction prepared from the seeds is useful in cough. Linseed is an industrial crop. It contains 76% oil which is processed and converted into various consumer products like paints, varnishes, medicines, preservatives, lubricants etc.

Preface

Linseed is an important oilseed crop and also for fiber. Its oil is used in a number of industrial products. It is also used as an edible oil especially in the rural areas.

Locality and Soil

I.

Climate

Linseed plant grows in cool climatic conditions. The temperature range between 20. C to 36 C gives pro- fuse vegetative development of the plant. The crop is suited to low rainfall areas, as it requires less humidity. On an average 50-70% relative humidity is favorable for its growth and development. Well distributed rainfall amounting to 15 to 20 cm. Linseed is generally grown as a dobari crop in Sindh, particularly in Larkana District, which contributes 90% of the total area. In Punjab, linseed is planted in both rain fed and irrigated areas.

Unfavorable Climate

Hot weather with prolonged photoperiodic days are unfavorable to linseed plant growth and development. If the temperature rises above the average daily records during seedling stage, it causes wilting and reduces plant population and tillering. The crop is susceptible to frost during its whole vegetative development period. Low temperature i.e. below 150 C and high temperature i.e. Above 350 C at flowering to maturity period results in empty capsules and reduced yield. Heavy rains and high humidity (80% RH) spreads diseases and insects

Locality and Soil

II.

Soil

Linseed can be grown on well-drained medium loam soils, free from water logging and salinity. Poorly drained, sandy, and heavy clayey soils are not suitable for its cultivation

Production Technology

Seed bed preparation:

The crop requires a well prepared seed bed, free of weeds and other debris. Two ploughings and each followed by planking

Production Technology

Sowing time :
Mid October to mid November (in Punjab)

November (in sindh)

Production Technology

Seed rate: 15Kg/ha (irrigated land) 20 Kg/ha (rained land)

Sowing Method:
Single row, rabi drill Also by the Kera or Pora mostly Broadcast method is used.

Production Technology

Fertilizers : N: P 2 O 5 : K 2 O kg/ha 135: 68 :0 (For irrigated crop)

84:56:56 (For dobari crop)

Production Technology

Irrigation: 4-5 irrigation (in sindh) 1 st irrigation 30 days after sowing Subsequent at intervals 20-25 days..3-4 irrigation (in Punjab) 1 st irrigation 15-20 day after sowing

Plant protection measures

Weed Control The linseed is a poor competitor with weeds. Many weeds shade and snatch nutrients from the linseed fields and cause damage to the main crop to the extent of 35 per cent. 1 st hoeing is done 25-30 days after sowing

Plant protection measures

Intercropping Mixed cropping is extensively practiced with linseed. Since this plant is tender, it grows in associations with crops and do not get shaded. It is one of the best companion crops. Peas or rape-seed are used for intercropping.

Plant protection measures

Rotation Continuous cropping with the same crop, year after year, in the same field affects the yield, quality and causes greater incidence of diseases and pests. In areas where rainfall is higher or irrigation facilities are available, more than one crop can be taken. Some of the crop rotations are given here. Legumes or sorghum can be used in crop rotation with linseed.

Plant protection measures

Harvesting The linseed matures in about 130-150 days. At maturity, the capsules and stem becomes yellow. It is harvested when stem become brown or fruit is turn into yellow color. End of April (in sindh)

1 st week of May(in Punjab)

Yield
IN Pakistan average yield is 550 kg/hectare and good verities give 600 kg/hectare yield In India its yield is 460 kg/ hectare World Average yield is 980 kg/ hectare

Insect, pests

Some beetles and thrips attack on seedlings and flower buds in 19871990, Capsule Borer caused by Heliothis spp.

Insecticide is pay-off EC.

Diseases

Wilt This diseases is caused by the fungus Fusarium oxyspomm. Powdery mildew (Oidium lini skoric), A grayish-white powdery growth on the tip of leaves, stem and flowers is seen, resulting in defoliation and shriveling of grains.

Control

[vitavex or Derosol 25 g /1 kg of Seed.

Cultivar

L-1 : 60-75 cm tall, white flowers with light brown seeds. Mature in 145 days

L-1 100 seed weight is 5.5 g and have oil content 41%.

Thank You!