apIpfw

Fkv.-F-kv.-F.-kn.
]T\klmbn
2011 2- 012

MATHEMATICS

Pnm]mbv I q

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 1

Chairman

: Prof.K.A.Sarala
President District Panchayath, Kannur

Vice-Chairman

: Sri. T. Krishnan
Vice-President, District Panchayath, Kannur
Smt. P.Rosa
Chairman
Health- Education Standing Committee
Kannur District Panchayath

Convenor

: Sri. A. Arunkumar
DDE., Kannur

Academic Convenor

: Sri. K. Prabhakaran
Principal, DIET, Kannur

Editorial Board:
1.

A.V.Ajayakumar
EMS HSS, Pappinisseri

2.

N.K.Remeshan
RGMHS, Mokeri

3.

M.V.Unnikrishnan
Trichambaram

4.

K.P.Damodaran
HM, Naduvil HS

5.

C.Mohanan
Govt.Welfare HSS, Cherukunnu

6.

C.Suresh Babu
GHSS, Chala

7.

K.P.V.Satheesh Kumar
GHSS, Morazha

8.

K.M.Suresh Babu
RVHSS, Chokli

9.

T.Narayanan
PRM HSS, Kolavallur

10. T.Sukumaran
GBHS, Madayi
11. C.Raghu
SABTM HSS, Thayineri
12. Krishna Prabha
Azhikode HS
13. Prabhakaran
GHSS, Mathamangalam
14. K.Sudheer
GHSS, Chundangappoyyil
15. Pradeepan
Iritty HSS
16. A.Sindhu
Azhikode HS

...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

s{]m^: sI.-F.-k-cf
{]kn-U-v,
I q Pnm ]m-bv, I q

BapJw
Fm-hcpw ]Tn--Ww, Fm-hcpw Pbn--Ww. CXm-Wtm C v Fm hnZ-ym-e-b- -fp-sSbpw
{]h-\-e--yw, Cu eyw kmm-Xv-cn-p- -Xn\v ]c-ym-]vX-amb coXn-bn \psS \mnse
Hmtcm hnZ-ym-e-b-sbpw kzbw kq -am-t--Xp-v. Ghpw B[p-\n-I-amb `uXnI kuIc-y- \ho-\hpw Imtem-Nn-X-hp-amb ]mT-y-]--Xn, NSp-ehpw {Inbm-fl-I-hp-amb aqe-y-\n b
coXn, hnZ-ym-e-b- sf in-s-Sp-m DX-Ip A[-ym-]-I--c--IXr Iqm-bva-I, imkv{Xobhpw ka-b-_-n-X-hp-ambn \S-p A[-ym-]I ]cn-io-e\ ]cn-]m-Sn-I F nh hnZ-ym-`-ym-kns KpW-ta-sb kzm-[o-\n-p LS-I- -fn {][m-\-am-Wv. Ign Iptd hj- -fmbn
tIc-f-n kvIq hnZ-ym-`-ym-k-ns \ho-I-cWw eyw shv \S-n-emn hcp \nc-h[n
{]h-\- IqSp-X {i sNep-p- Xv Ccw Imc-y- -fn Xs -bm-Wv. km-{XnIhpw KpW-ta--bp--Xp-amb hnZ-ym-`-ymkw \psS kw m-\v Dd-m-p- -X n tI{
kw m\ Khsap-Iv ]pdsa Xti kz-bw-`-c-W- m-]-\- fpw hf-sc-b-[nIw ]p-hlnp hcp- p. Cm-c-y-n tIcfw anI amXr-I-bm-Wv.
tIc-f-nse Xti kz-bw-`-c-W- m-]-\- kvIq hnZ-ym-`-ymkw sa-s-Sp-p-hm
sshhn-[-y-am \nc-h[n ]-Xn-I Bhn-jvI-cnv \S-n-emn hcp- p. Ch-bn Ghpw
{in--s-Xpw hnPbw I-Xp-amWv I q Pnm ]m-bv \S-n-emn hcp apIpfw
]-Xn. Pn-bnse sslkvIq-fp-I-fnepw lbsk-dn kvIqfp-I-fnepw Ipn-I-fpsS ]T\
\ne-hmcw Dbm klm-b-I-amb ssI]p-kvX-I- Xm-dmn hnX-cWw sNp-I, sas mkv dqw A\p-`-h- Ipn-Iv ]I v \Im A[-ym-]-Isc imo-I-cn-p- Xn\v DX-Ip- ]cn-io-e-\ ]cn-]m-Sn-I kwL-Sn-n-p-I, imkv{Xo-bamb aqe-y-\nWb coXn hnZ-yme-b- -fn \S-n-em-pI XpS- n-b-h-bmWv apIpfw ]-Xn-bpsS {][m\ {]h-\- . apIpfw
]Xn \S-n-em-p- Xn Bflm -amb kl-I-c-Whpw ]nXp-W-bp-amWv A[-ym-]-I--c-mIXr kaq-l- -fn \n v I q Pnm ]m-b-n\v e`n-p-sIm-n-cn-p- -Xv F v Cu
Ah-k-c-n kt m-j-]qw Adn-bn--s.
apIpfw ]-Xn-bpsS `mK-ambn Fm hnj-b- -fnepw Ipn-bpsS At\-z-j-Wm-flI ]T-\s
t{]m m-ln-n-m DX-Ip {]h-\- -f-S- nb ssIp-kvX-I- Hmtcm Am-Z-anI hjnepw Xm-dmn hnZ-ym-e-b- -fn kuP-\-y-ambn hnX-cWw sNbvXp hcp- p. s]mXp-]-co-I-fn Db hnPbw t\Sm Cu ssIp-kvX-I- Ipn-Iv hf-sc-b-[nIw {]tbm-P-\s-Sp- p-s- mWv Pn-bnse Am-Z-anI kaq-l-ns hne-bn-cp-. {]K--cmb A[-ym]-Isc Ds-Spn kwL-Sn-n-p in]-im-e-I-fn-eq-sSbmWv Cu ssIp-kvX-I- Xmdm--s-Sp- -Xv. ssIp-kvX-I- IqSp-X IqSp-X anI-hp--Xm-m R Hmtcm hjhpw
{in-p- p. Ipn-Iv anI hnPbw t\Sm apIpfw ]-Xn-bpsS `mK-ambn Cu hjw
Xm-dm-nb hnhn[ hnj-b- -fnse ssIp-kvX-I- klm-b-I-am-Is F v Biw-kn-psImv
kvt\l-]qw
s{]m^.-sI.-F.-k-cf
I q Pnm ]m-bv {]kn-Uv
MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 3

]n.-tdmk
sNbt]-gvk
Btcm-K-y--hn-Z-ym-`-ymk mnwKv Inn
Pnm ]m-b-v, I q

""-ap-Ip-fw'' ka{K hnZ-ym-`-ymk ]cn-]m-Sn-bn-eqsS I q Pn tIcf hnZ-ym`ymk Ncn-{X-n B[n-Im-cn-I-amb hnP-bhpw m\hpw t\Sn--gnp.
\psS Ipn-Ifpw A[-ym-]-Icpw cn-Xm-fpw hnZ-ym-`-ymk Hm^o-kamcpw
P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-Ifpw Hsm-cp-an--Xns ^ew IqSn-bmWv Cu t\w.
ss{]adn apX lbsk--dn Xew hsc KpW-\n-e-hm-c-ap hnZ-ym-`-ym-kn-\mbn {]h\ ]-Xn-I "ap-Ip-fw' ]-Xn-bn-eqsS hn`m-h\w sNbvXnp-v. 2011-12 hj-n Ad-_n, DdpZp DssS Fm hnj-b- pw
{]tX-yI ]T\ kma-{Kn-I \nnp Ign-p. Ipn-I-fpsS Adn-hv, \nmW-ti-jnsb {]tNm-Zn-n-p ]T\ X{ - v {]map-Jyw \In-bn-p-v.
lbsk-dn Xe-n Cwojv, C-tWm-anIvkv DssS ^nknIvkv
sIankv{Sn, _tbm- f - P n, Au- kn F o hnjb- pw ]T\
kma{KnI \nnp Ign-p. ssZ\w-Zn\ Bkq-{X-W-n\pw ]T-\-{]h-\- Is-p- -Xn\pw A[-ym-]-Isc {]m]vX-cm-p anI-hp ]T\
klmbn F \ne-bn-emWv "ap-Ipfw' hn`m-h\w sNbvXn-p--Xv. apIp-fnse Fm {]h-\- fpw Ghcpw ^e-{]-Z-ambn {]tbm-P-\-s-Sp-psa v {]Xo-n-p- p.
]T\ anI-hn-t\m-sSmw Db kmaq-ly t_m[hpw {]h\ k -Xbpw hfp hnZ-ym-`-ym-k-am-Is \psS e-yw. "ap-Ip-fw' ka{K hnZ-ym`-ymk ]Xn AXn-\p Nme-I-i-n-bmbn amd-s.
kvt\l-]qw

]n.-tdmk
sNbt]-gvk
Btcm-K-y--hn-Z-ym-`-ymk mnwKv Inn
Pnm ]m-b-v, I q

...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

Aymbw 1

kamct{iWn
BapJw
KWnXns ASnm\w Xs kwJyIfmWv. kwJyIfpsS khntijXIfneqn
bmWv KWnXimJIfmb _oPKWnXw, PymanXn, {XntImWanXn XpSnbhbpsS XpSbpw
hfbpw. ]TnXmhn\v Bib A\p`hthZyamIp coXnbnepw bpnNn hfp
coXnbnepw {]iv\sf hniIe\w sNp kao]\amWv kamct{iWn F Bibn
kzoIcntXv. hyXykvX k`fn kwJyI Xnep ]ckv]c _spdn
p DmgvN cq]oIcnv {]iv\ ]cnlmcw ImWpI FXmWv Cu A[ymbns ]T\w
sImv eyanSpXv. kamc t{iWnbpsS _oPKWnXcq]w Isp {]{Inb D]cn]T
\n\v hnhn[ t{iWnIfpsS {]tXyIXIfpw _oPKWnX cq]hpw Ip]nSnm Ipnv
klmbIcamIWw.
{][m\ Bib
*

t{iWn

kwJymt{iWn

kamct{iWn

s]mXphyXymkw

Hcp kamc t{iWnbpsS BZy]Zhpw s]mXphyXymkhpw Xm

t{iWnbpsS cq]oIcWw

Hcp kamct{iWnbpsS _oPKWnXcq]w IspXn\v

(GXv kamct{iWntbbpw xn = an+b F cq]n FgpXmw)

1 apX n hscbp XpSbmb F kwJyIfpsS XpI

n (n+1) BsWv IspXn\v
2

Hcp kamc t{iWnbpsS XpSbmb ]ZfpsS XpI ImWpXn\v

[ XpI = n (x1+xn) ]
2

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 5

{]h\
hnhn[Xcw t{iWnI ]cnNbsSpXn\pw Xcw XncnpXn\pw ]mT`mKs {]h
\p ]pdsa NphsS sImSp {]h\fpamImw. DZmlcWambn 1) Ie {]h\w
S

Tu

Th

Fr

Sa

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

CXn \npw Ipnv hyXykvX kwJym{Ia Ip]nSnm\p {]h\w \Imw.

AXn\p klmbIamb Nne tNmZy NphsS \Inbncnpp.
*

Hmw hcnbnse kwJyI t\mq. {]tXyIXsbv ?

cmw hcnbnse kwJyI t\mq. {]tXyIXsbv ?

Hmtcm hcnbntebpw kwJyIfpsS {]tXyIXsbv ?

Hmtcm \ncbntebpw kwJyItfm ? {]tXyIXsbv ?

tImtWmSp tIm hcp Iffnse kwJyI FgpXpI.

GXv {Iansep ]dbpI. Nn{Xw {inpI
S

Tu

Th

Fr

Sa

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

KpW\nI
1 apX 10 hscbp kwJyIfpsS KpW\nI NphsS sImSpncnpp Ahbn
\npw kwJym{Ia FSpsgpXpI
X

10

10

10

12

14

16

18

20

12

15

18

21

24

27

30

12

16

20

24

28

32

36

40

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

12

18

24

30

36

42

48

54

60

14

21

28

35

42

49

56

63

70

16

24

32

40

48

56

64

72

80

18

27

36

45

54

63

72

81

90

10

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

hcnIfnse kwJyI Fv {Iaw ]menpp? \ncIfnse kwJyItfm ?

tImtWmSp tIm hcp kwJym{Ia FgpXpI. Hmtcm {Iansebpw

{]tXyIXI Fv ?
hyXykvX Xcw t{iWnI Xncndnbm\p IqSpX {]h\ \Ipatm.

XpSv Hcp kwJybn \np XpSn Htc kwJy Xs hopw hopw Iqnnp
t{iWnbmWv kamct{iWn F Bibnsentcmw. Cs\ Hmtcm m\s kwJy
tbmSpw Iqp nc kwJybmWv s]mXphyXymkw
MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 7

{]h\
*

BZy]Zw 6 Dw s]mXphyXymkw 10 Dw hcp kamct{iWn FgpXpI

BZy]Zw 6 Dw s]mXphyXymkw 10 Dw hcp kamc t{iWn FgpXpI

BZy]Zw 6 Dw s]mXphyXymkw 10 Dw Bb kamc t{iWn FgpXpI

BZy]Zw 6 Dw s]mXphyXymkw 10 Dw Bb kamct{iWn FgpXpI

10 \np XpSn 6 s]mXphyXymkambn hcp kamct{iWn FgpXpI

6 sImv lcnm 1 injvSw hcp kwJyI FgpXpI. injvSw 5 hcp kwJyI

FgpXpI. cv t{iWnIfpw kamct{iWnbmtWm Fv ]cntim[npI

BZy]Zhpw 2 s]mXphyXymkhpamb kamct{iWn FgpXpI

NphsS sImSphbn kamct{iWn Ip]nSnpI

*

111,

122,

133,

144

-111,

-122,

-133,

-144

1.11,

1.22,

1.33,

1.44

11.1,

12.2,

13.3,

14.4

1110,

1220,

1330,

1440

111
4

122
4

133
4

144
4

2,

5,

9,

14

20

1,

1,

2,

3,

5,

1.1,

11,

110,

110

2,

3,

5,

17,

2,

-13,

-28

-8,

-4,

-2,

-1

3 + 2,

5+ 2,

7 2,

9+ 2

1
4

2
5

3
6

4
7

NphsS sImSphsbmw kamct{iWnIfmWv. Hmtcmnsebpw hn`mKs ]Z

(kwJyI) FgpXpI
*

---

15,

---

35,

---

8,

---

---

...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

---

8,

--- -8, ---

12,

---,

---,,

-12

---,

---,

18,

54,

13,

---

20,

---

13,

---,

---,

27

-4,

---,

12

---

2,

---,

x,

---

,y

x,

---

y,

---

x,

y,

---,

---

x,

---,

---,

---

kamct{iWnbpsS m\hyXymkhpw ]ZhyXymkhpw B\p]mXnIamsWv

sXfnbnphm t{]mPIvSv, hvjov X{ D]tbmKnmw. CXv cv LfneqsS kan
mw.
Lw 1

Hcp kamct{iWnbnse GXv cv ]ZfpsSbpw hyXymkw

s]mXp hyXymkns KpWnXambncnpw

Lw 2

GXv cv ]ZfpsSbpw hyXymkw B ]ZfpsS m\hyXymkns\

s]mXphyXymkw sImv KpWnXmbncnpw

ChnsS s]mXphyXymkambncnpw B\p]mXnIncw Fp ImWmw. GXm\pw DZml

cWfneqsS Cu Bibnsenbtijw XmXznIambn Cmcyw kantXmWv.
f,

f + d, f + 2d, .......................+ f+(n-1)d

........................f + (m-1)d

Cu kamct{iWnbpsS mmw ]Zhpw nmw ]Zhpw Xnep hyXymksaSpm

(a+(m-1)d) _ (a+(n-1)d)
= (m_n)d

AXmbXv ]ZfpsS hyXymkw m\hyXymks s]mXphyXymkw sImv KpWn

Xmbncnpw
mmw ]Zw nmw ]Zw
m-n

s]mXphyXymkw

{]h\
*

Hcp kamct{iWnbpsS 5mw ]Zw 18 Dw 12mw ]Zw 39 Dw Bbm

19mw F{Xbmbncnpw

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 9

Hcp kamct{iWnbpsS 3mw ]Zw 5 Dw 13mw ]Zw 25 Dw BsWn 33mw ]Zw F{X?

Hcp kamct{iWnbpsS 6mw ]Zw 2 hpw 10mw ]Zw 14 Dw Bbm 12mw ]Zw F{X?

Hcp kamct{iWnbnse 7mw ]Zw 17 Dw 11mw ]Zw 27 Dw Bbm aqmw ]Zw F{Xbm
bncnpw ? Hmw ]Zw F{Xbmbncnpw?

75, 69, 63...... F kamc t{iWnbnse Hcp ]ZamtWm 7 Fv ]cntim[npI. 3 Cu

t{iWnbnse Hcp ]ZamIptam?

NphsS sImSp t{iWnIfpsS n mw ]Zw IspI.

a)

2, 5, 8, -----

b)

5, 7, 8------

c)

1, 7, 13------

d)

9, 13, 17 ------

e)

20, 13, 16 ------

f)

30, 25, 20 -------------

g)

13, 10, 10 --------------

IqSmsX IpnInjvSap 5 kamct{iWnI IqSn FgpXpI. ChbpsSsbmw n mw

]Zw, s]mXphyXymkw, BZy]Zw Ch Xmsg sImSp ]nIbn ]qcnnv ]ckv]c _w
Iss
{Ia
\

kamc
t{iWn

BZy
]Zw

s]mXp n mw ]Zw n mw ]Znse n mw ]Znse

n DsSm
n s
hyXymkw
]Zw
KpWIw

kqN\
1.

n mw ]Zw Ftmgpw an+b F cq]nembncnpw. (ChnsS b bpsS hne ]qPyamImw)

2.

n mw ]Znse n s KpWInsbpw n DsSm ]Znsbpw XpIbmWv

BZy]Zw

3.

n mw ]Zn n s KpWIhpw t{iWnbpsS s]mXphyXymkhpw Xpeyambncnpw

4.

xn = an+b F cq]nep GXpt{iWnbpw kamct{iWnbmWv.

10 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

{]h\w
GXm\pw kamct{iWnIfpsS n mw ]Zw sImSpncnpp. s]mXphyXymkw,
BZy]Zw ImWpI
1)

3n+5

2)

3n-7

3)

5n-2

4)

4n-1

5)

6)

2-7n

7)

10-4n

8)

10-4n
3/ - n/
4
4

11)

(n-1)2 - (n+1)2

Hcp kamc t{iWnbpsS s]mXphyXymkw 9 BWv. AXns 16mw ]Znt\m

F{X IqSpXemWv 20 mw ]Zw ?

Hcp kamct{iWnbpsS 21mw ]Znt\m 18 IqSpXemWv 27mw ]Zw. Fn 27mw

]Znt\m F{X IqSpXemWv 29mw ]Zw ?

6,10,14.................F kamct{iWnbpsS F{Xmw ]ZamWv 1622

Hcp kamct{iWnbpsS 3mw ]ZtmSv F{X s]mXphyXymkw IqnbmemWv 12mw ]Zw

e`npXv ?

Hcp kamct{iWnbpsS 7mw ]ZtmSv 8 s]mXphyXymkw Iqnbm InpXv F{Xmw

]Zambncpw?

Hcp kmact{iWnbpsS 8mw ]Zw 20 Dw 18mw ]Zw 60 Dw Bbm s]mXphyXymkw

F{X?

20 mw ]Zw 45 Dw 15 mw ]Zw 30 Bb Hcp kamct{iWnbpsS 10 mw ]Zw F{X? s]mXp

hyXymkw F{X?

Hcp kamct{iWnbpsS 11mw ]Zw 1 Dw 8 mw ]Zw 142 Dw BWv. Fn 14mw ]Zw

F{X? 17mw ]Zw, 18 mw ]Zw, 24mw ]Zw Fnh Ip]nSnpI.

Hcp kmact{iWnbpsS 15mw ]ZtmSv 77 Iqnbtm 26mw ]Zw Inn. Fn 26 mw

]ZtmSv F{XIqnbm 37 mw ]Zw Inpw 26 mw ]ZtmSv F{X Iqnbm 29 mw ]Zw
Inpw ?

Hcpkamct{iWnbpsS 10mw ]Zw 17 Dw 17 mw ]Zw 10 Dw Fn s]mXphyXymkw

F{X?

Hcp kamct{iWnbpsS 5 mw ]Zw 14 Dw 14mw ]Zw 5 Dw Bbm s]mXphyXymkw

F{X?

Hcp kamct{iWnbpsS 100 mw ]Zw 200 Dw 200 mw ]Zw 100 Bbm s]mXphyXymkw
F{X ?

Hcp kamct{iWnbpsS (n-1)mw ]Zw 4n+7 Bbm BZy]Zhpw s]mXphyXymkhpw

10 mw ]Zwhpw ImWpI

Hcpkamct{iWnbpsS n mw ]Zw 5n+6 Abm AXns F{Xmw ]ZamWv 56?

Hcp kamct{iWnbpsS (n-2)mw ]Zw 4n+7 Bbm F{Xmw ]ZamWv 55 ?

n2+nF _oPKWnX hmNIw Hcp kamc t{iWnbpsSn-mw ]ZamtWm Fv Fs\

]cntim[nmw
MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 11

n2+n FXn n \v 1,2,3,4.......XpSnb hneI \Inbm 2,6,12,20.........F t{i#n Inp

atm. CsXmcp kamc t{iWnb. ChnsS ASpSp ]Z Xnep hyXymkw

IqSnIqSn hcpp (Hcp nc kwJy)
CXns\ asmcp coXnbn kao]nmw
t{iWnbpsS n mw ]Zw = n2+n
(n+1) mw ]Zw = (n+1)2 + (n+1)

= n2+3n+2
(n+1) mw ]Zw n mw ]Zw = n2+3n+2 _ (n2+n)
= 2n+n CXv n DsSp Hcp hmNIamWv.

Hcp nc kwJyb. kamct{iWnbpsS s]mXphyXymkw Fmbvtmgpw Hcp nc

kwJybmbncnpw. AXn\m n2+n Hcp kamc t{iWnbpsS n mw ]Za.
1) 2n2+1

2) n3

3) 1
3n

4) 1 +1
5
n

5) (2n+1)2 -)2n-1)2

{]h\w
200 \pw 500 \pw CSbn 7 s KpWnXfmb F{X kwJyI Dv?
ImtW kwJy 200 IqSpXepw 500 IpdhpamWtm
201 _: 7

injvSw F{X?

201 = 7 x 28 + 5 : injvSw = 5
202 _: 7
injvSw = ...........................
203 _: 7
injvSw = ...............................

BZy]Zw F{X?
C\n Ahkm\ ]Zsa{Xsbv t\mmw
409 = 7 x ......... + ............ : ...............injvSw = .................
498 _: 7 injvSw = ............................
497 _: 7 injvSw = ............................

Ahkm\ ]Zsa{X?
s]mXp hyXymksa{X? C\n ]ZfpsS Fw ImWmatm.
DZmlcWw
400 \pw700 \pw CSbn 6 sImv lcnm injvSw 3 hcp kwJyIfpsS Fsa{X?
401 _: 6 = 6 x ......... + ............ : ...............injvSw = .................
402 _: 6 = 6 x ......... + ............ : ...............injvSw = .................
403 _: 6
404 _: 6
405 _: 6

BZy]Zw e`ntm

12 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

699 s\ 6 sImv lcnm injvSw F{X ?

699 = 6 = 6 x ......... + ............ : ...............injvSw = .................

Ahkm\ ]Zw e`ntm

C\n ]ZfpsS Fw ImWmatm
{]h\w
8 sImv lcnm injvSw 1,2,3,4,5 hcp F kwJyI {IansegpXpI
Chtbmtcmnsebpw s]mXphyXymksa{X?
NB :

kamct{iWnbnse ]Zsf s]mXphyXymkw sImv lcnm Inp injvSns

{]tXyIX t_mysSpmatm.
200 \pw 500 \panSbn 9s F{X KpWnX ? Ghpw sNdpXpw hepXpw ImWpI.

kamct{iWnIfpsS ]ZfpsS XpI

]ZfpsS Fw H kwJy
1.

]ZfpsS Fw 3 Dw XpI 18 Dw Bb hyXykvX kamc t{iWnI FgpXpI

6,6,6

(6,6,6,)

6 - 1, 6,6 + 1

(5,6,7)

5 - 1, 6, 7 + 1

(4,6,8)

2.

]ZfpsS Fw 3 Dw XpI 30 hcp t{iWnI FgpXpI

3.

]ZfpsS Fw 5 Dw XpI 45 Dw hcp t{iWnI FgpXpI

80

16

14,18 12,20

32

32

32

5,6,7

18

5,7

12

12

ay]Zn \nv Htc AIenep Hmtcm

tPmUn ]Zfpw tPmUn XpIbpw
]Z (tPmUn)

XpI (tPmUn)

BZy]Zw+
Ahkm\]Zw

]ZfpsS XpI

12,14,16,18,20

t{iWn

a[y]Zw

]ZfpsS Fw

]ZfpsS Fw HkwJybmbn hcp kamct{iWnI FgpXn ]nI ]qnbm

pI. (kuIcyn\v ]ZfpsS Fw 3,5,7,9 Fnh am{Xw FSppI)

]nI ]cntim[nv XmsgsImSp tNmZyv Dcw ImWpI

1.

a[y]Zhpw XpIbpw Xnep _w

2.

]ZfpsS Fhpw XpIbpw Xnep _w

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 13

3.

a[y]Zhpw tPmSn XpIbpw

4.

BZy]Zhpw Ahkm\ ]Zhpw Xm a[y]Zw ImWpsXs\?

5.

a[y]Zhpw ]ZfpsS Fhpw Innbm XpI Fs\ ImWmw?

6;

]ZfpsS Fw, BZy]Zw, Ahkm\]Zw Fnh Xm XpI Fs\ ImWmw ?

XpI = a[y]Zw x ]ZfpsS Fw
XpI = ]ZfpsS Fw ( BZy]Zw + Ahkm\]Zw)
2

]ZfpsS Fw Cc kwJy
1.

]ZfpsS Fw 4 Dw XpI 60 Dw hcp hyXykvX kamc t{iWn ImWpI

15,15,15,15

15,15,15,15

13-3, 15-1, 15+1- 15+5

12,14,16,18

12-3, 14-1, 16+1, 18+3

9,13,17,21

2.

]ZfpsS Fw 4 Dw XpI 40 Dw hcp kamc t{iWnI GsXms

3.

]ZfpsS Fw 8 Dw XpI 72 Dw hcp kamc t{iWnI FgpXpI

60

30

]Z (tPmUn)

12,18 -

XpI (tPmUn)

30

BZy]Zw+
Ahkm\]Zw

ay]Zn \nv Htc AIenep Hmtcm

tPmUn ]Zfpw tPmUn XpIbpw

tPmSnIfpsS
Fw

a[y]Zw

12,14,16,18,

]ZfpsS XpI

t{iWn

]ZfpsS Fw

]nI ]qcnnpI : kuIcyn\v ]ZfpsPS Fw 2,4,6,8 hcp t{iWnI FSppI

30

]nI ]cntim[npI, Xmsg sImSp tNmZyv Dcw IspI

1.

]ZfpsS Fhpw XpIbpw Xnep _w

2.

tPmSnIfpsS Fhpw XpIbpw Xnep _w

3.

Hmtcm tPmSn XpIbpsSbpw {]tXyIX

4.

]ZfpsS Fw, BZy]Zw, Ahkm\]Zw Fnh Xm XpI Fns\ ImWmw

XpI = tPmSnIfpsS Fw x tPmSn XpI

14 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

XpI = tPmSnIfpsS Fw (BZy]Zw + Ahkm\]Zw)

XpI = ]ZfpsS Fw (BZy]Zw + Ahkm\]Zw)
2
cp ]nIbpw XmcXayw sNpI. s]mXphmb kq{XhmIynsentcpI
n ]ZfpsS XpI

= n (2f+(n_1)d)
2

1.

Hcp kamct{iWnbnse BZys 10 ]ZfpsS XpI 80 BWv. BZysbpw ]m

asbpw ]ZfpsS XpI F{X?

2.

BZys 10 ]ZfpsS XpI 80 hcpXpw s]mXphyXymkw 4 hcpXpamb kamc

t{iWnbnse Fm ]Zfpw FgpXpI

3.

5,8,11,.............F kamc t{iWnbpsS BZys 25 ]ZfpsS XpItbm F{X IqSp

XemWv 7,10,13,,,,,,,,,,,, F kamc t{iWnbpsS BZys 25 ]ZfpsS XpI?

F kwJyIfpsS XpI

CXn \nv 1+2+3+4

42 4 Fv Inpatm
+
2
2
52 5
+
2
2

AXn\m 1+2+3+4+5 =

1+2+3+4+.................. + n = n2 + n
2

= n(n+1)
2

Fv ImWmw

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 15

3
5
7

1+3+5+7

82
4

1+3+5+7+9

102
5

1+3+5+7+...........+2n_ 1
n

(2n)2
4

= n2

1 apX XpSbmb n F kwJyIfpsS XpI = n(n+1)

2

1 apX XpSbmb n HkwJyIfpsS XpI = n2

1)

BZys 40 F kwJyIfpsS XpIsb{X

7 apX XpSbmb 40 F kwJyIfpsS XpIsb{X

2)

1 apX 20 hscbp F kwJyIfpsS XpIsb{X

2 apX 40 hscbp Cc kwJyIfpsS XpIsb{X
5 apX 100 hscbp 5 s KpWnXfpsS XpIsb{X

3)
4)

30 ]Zfp Hcp kamc t{iWnbnse 15mw ]Znsbpw 16mw ]Znsbpw XpI

17 BWv. Fn Fm ]ZfpsSbw XpIsb{X
Hcp kamc t{iWnbpsS nmw ]Zw 4n _ 3Bbm
F)

BZy]Zsav

_n)

s]mXphyXymksav

kn)

F{Xmw]ZamWv 65

16 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

Un)
5)

6)

BZys 20 ]ZfpsS XpIsb{X

Hcp kamct{iWnbnse 12 ]ZfpsS XpI 78 BWv. Fn

F)

6mw ]Znsbpw 7mw ]Znsbpw XpIsb{X

_n)

s]mXphyXymkw 2 Fn Fm ]Zfpw FgpXpI

kn)

s]mXphyXymkw 3 Fn Fm ]Zfpw FgpXpI

Hcp kamct{iWnbpsS 9mw ]Zw ]qPyw.

Fn 19mw ]Zns F{X aSmWv 29mw ]Zw

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 17

bqWnv sSv
1)

1,3,5,9,17 Ch Hcp kamct{iWnbnse XpSbmb 5 ]Zfmbncnptam. FpsImv

2)

Hcp kamct{iWnbnse 3mw ]Zw

F{X. Hmw ]Zw F{X

3)

Hcp kamct{iWnbpsS ]ZfpsS XpI 5n2+3n Bbm BZy]Zw F{X 2mw ]Zw
F{X. s]mXphyXymkw ImWpI. Cu t{iWnbpsS _oPKWnX cq]w FgpXpI

4)

\of kamct{iWnbnemb 15 Ccpv InI BtcmlW{Ian Xpey AIe

nembn Ips\ Ddnnpv. Ghpw sNdnb InbpsS \ofw 44.5 sk.an. Dw Ghpw
henb InbpsS \ofw 155. 5 sk.an. Dw Bbm InIfpsS BsI \ofsa{X.

5)

-120, -114, -108,................F

17
2

Dw 7mw ]Zw

37
2

Dw Bbm s]mXphyXymkw

kamct{iWnbn 134 F kwJy Hcp ]ZamtWm.

FpsImv.
6)

chn Xs t\mp_pn 8 sImv lcnm injvSw 3 Inp Fm 3 A kwJyIfp

sagpXn. Fn chn F{X kwJyI FgpXnbncnpw. XpIsb{Xbmbncnpw

7)

Hcp kamct{iWnbpsS 15 ]ZfpsS XpI 8mw ]Zns 15 aSmbncnpw. Fv

sXfnbnpI.

8)

Hcp kamct{iWnbnse XpSbmb 10 ]ZfpsS XpI 210 BWv. Fm Cu ]v

]Zsfbpw 3 sImv KpWnm Inp kwJyIfpsS XpI F{X

18 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

s{]mPIvSv
]Zsfmw F kwJyIfmb Hcpkamct{iWnbnse ]Zfn Hscw ]qW
hKamsWn at\Iw ]Z ]qWhKamsWv sXfnbnpI.
]Zsfmw F kwJyIfpw Hcp ]Zw t]mepw ]qWhKamXpamb kamc
t{iWnbptm Fp Ip]nSnpI
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,......................F F kwJyIfpsS kamct{iWnbn 1,4,9,16,25,36,................
Fns\ ]qWhK Dv.
1,3,5,7,9........F H kwJyIfpsS kamct{iWnbn 1,9,25,49,81,........................Fns\
]qWhK Dv.
2,4,6,8,..............F Cc kwJyIfpsS kamct{iWnbn 4,16,36,64,.........Fns\ ]qW
hKfpv.
H kw J y I fpsS kam c t{i Wn p nse asmcp kam c t{i Wn bmb
3,9,15,21,27,33,39,45,51,57,63,69,75,81,.................................. epw ]qWhK Dv.
Cc kwJ y I fpsS kam c t{i Wn p nse asmcp kam c t{i Wn bmb
4,10,16,22,28,34,40,46,52,58,64,70,.............ep ]qhK Dv.
1,2,3,4,5,6,..............F kamct{iWnbn k HcpF kwJy Bbm k2 Hcp ]qW
hKamWv
k2 t\mSv 2kdIqnbm AXpw Hcp F kwJy Xs (F kwJyIfpsS kam
ct{iWnbn s]mXphyXymkw dbpw F kwJybmWv)
k2+2kd+d2 Dw ]qWhKw BWv
[k2+2kd+d2 = (k+d)2] = k2+d(2k+d)
(k+2d)2, (k+3d)2, (k+4d)2 Fns\
]qWhKfmb At\Iw ]Z Ismw. ]Zsfmw F kwJyIfmb
av kamct{iWnI FSppw Cu Bibw cq]oIcnpatm?
3,7,11,15,19,.........................F kamct{iWnbn ]Z F kwJyIfmsWnepw
]qWhKfmb ]Z C.
3,8,13,18,23,.........Cu kamt{iWnpw ta]d {]tXyIX ImWmw. ChnsS "Hp"I
fpsS m\s Aw 3,8 AAWv.
Hcp ]qWhK kwJybpsSbpw"Hp"IfpsS m\s Aw 3,8 BInsv Hmp
atm.
12,27,32,47,........F kamct{iWnbn "Hp"IfpsS m\s Aw 2,7 BWv. Cu
t{iWnbn ]qWhKfmb ]Z C. FpsImv ?
IqSpX DZmlcW Ispatm
]Zsfmw F kwJyIfpw Hcp]Zw t]mepw ]qWhKamXpamb Hcp kam
c t{iWn 8,8,8,8,8......................................
Fm ]Zfpw ]qWhKfmb kamct{iWnbnXm 9,9,9,9,9,...................

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 19

aqey\nWb {]h\
1)

am{nI NXpcnse kwJyI A[nkwJy s]mXphyXymkambn hcp kamct{i

Wnbnse ]ZfmWv.

am{nI NXpcns a[yn hcp kwJy GXv

am{nI NXpcnse kamct{iWn FgpXpI

am{nI XpI F{X

3

2)

3)

4)

27

11

15

kwJym]mt {inq
1

1+2

1+2+3

1+2+3+4

10

..............................

........................

..............................

........................

............................. .

........................

1+2+3+............+ x

190

]mtWnse 5mw hcn, 6mw hcn Ch FgpXpI

15mas hcnbnse ]ZfpsS XpI F{X

x s hne ImWpI

Hcp kamct{iWnbpsS m mw ]Zw n; n mw ]Zw m

*

s]mXphyXymkw ImWpI

BZy]Zw ImWpI

m+n mw ]Zw ImWpI

m+n ]ZfpsS XpI ImWpI

Hcp kamct{iWnbpsS _oPKWnX cq]w 2n2+3n BIptam. FpsImv

Hcp kamct{iWnbpsS BZys n ]ZfpsS XpI 2n2+3n BIptam. FpsImv

5)

Hcp kamct{iWnbpsS BZys 50 ]Z BtcmlW{IansegpXn. Cu ]Z

20 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

 Xs AhtcmlW{IansegpXn. Cu cv t{iWnIfpsSbpw Hmw ]Z

XpeyamIptam. Ahkm\ ]Z XpeyamIptam. Cu cv t{iWnIfpsSbpw Htc
m\p XpII Xnep _sav.
6)

7)

Hcp kamct{iWnbpsS 5mw ]Zw 19 . 9mw ]Zw

1
5

Cu kamc t{iWnbpsS s]mXphyXymksa{X

14mw ]Zw ImWpI

-9,-14,-19,-24................... F kamct{iWnbnse 25mw ]Zw x25 Dw ]mw ]Zw

x10 Dw ImWpI.

x25 - x10F{XbmWv

8)

3,7,11.......F kamct{iWnbnse 34mw ]Zw ImWpI. 10093 Cu kamct{iWnbnse

Hcp ]ZamtWm. Dcw km[qIcnpI

9)

800 cq] 8% hmjnI km[mcW ]eni e`npXn\v Hcp _mn \nt]np. Hcp
hjw Ignbptmgp ]enisbv. cv hjw Ignbptmgp ]enisbv. 3 hjw
Ignbptmgp ]enisbv
]eniIfpsS t{iWn FgpXpI
CXv kamct{iWnbmtWm Fv ]cntim[npI. 23#mas hjmhkm\w e`np
]eni ImWpI

10)

Hcp N{Inb NXp`pPns tImWpIfpsS AfhpI bYm{Iaw x-20, x, x+20, x+40

hoXambm x s hne ImWpI. tImWfhpI ImWpI. tImWfhpI kamc
t{iWnbnemtWm

11)

Hcp kamct{iWnbpsS 7mw ]Zhpw 2mw ]Zhpw Xnep hyXymkw 20. s]mXphy
Xymkw ImWpI. Cu kamct{iWnbpsS 3mw ]Zw 9 Bbm BZys F{X ]Z
fpsS XpIbmWv 153.

12)

kamct{iWnbnemb 10 kwJyIfpsS XpI 85 BWv. Chbnse Amas kwJy

8 BWv.
*

BZysbpw 10masbpw kwJyIfpsS XpI F{X

Bdmas kwJy GXv

14)

BZys aqv kwJyI FgpXpI

- 11
-6,
, -5 F kamc t{iWbnse F{X ]ZfpsS XpIbmWv 25.
2
Hcp NXpc ]eIbpsS hoXn, \ofw, Dbcw Ch kamct{iWnbnse Xpbmb 3 ]Z
fmWv \ofnsbpw hoXnbpsSbpw Dbcnsbpw XpI 27 bqWnv. NXpc]eIbpsS
hym]vXw 405 L. bqWnv. \ofw, hoXn, Dbcw Ch ImWpI.

15)

cv kamct{iWnIfpsS ]ZfpsS XpII Xnep Awi_w 7n+1 : 4n+27

AhbpsS 5mw ]Z Xnep Awi_w ImWpI

16)

(x-y)2, x2+y2, (x+y)2 F kamct{iWnbpsS BZys n ]ZfpsS XpI ImWpI

17)

Hcp kvIqfnse 1mw mknse IpnI Hcp hrssX, 2mw mknse IpnI 2 hr
ssX, 3mw mknse IpnI 3 hrssX Fns\ kvIqfn\p Nppw hrssXI

13)

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 21

\Sm Xocpam\np. +2 hscbp Cu kvIqfn Hmtcm mkpw 3 Unhnj hoXapv.

IpnI \Sp hrssXIfpsS BsI Fsa{X.
18)

Hmtcm PZn\n\pw hjv AhfpsS A 5 cq] sImSppw. hjv Ctm 21

hbkmsbn Ctm ssIhiap BsI XpIsb{X

19)

Hcp kamct{iWnbpsS 3mw ]Znsbpw 7mw ]Znsbpw XpI 6. KpW\^ew 8.

BZys 16 ]ZfpsS XpI ImWpI.

22 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

Aymbw 2

hr
BapJw
H]Xmw mnse hr F A[ymbns XpSbmWv Cu ]mT`mKw. ChnsS
{][m\ambpw tImWpIfneqsS hrs a\nemm\p {iaamWv \SpXv. cv \nnX
_npfneqsS ISpt]mIp, ]ckv]cw ew_ambXpw AmXpamb cp hcI Iqnap
p _npsfmw tNv DmIp cq] hcdnbpXneqsS ]mTw Bcw`npp. Hcp
hc hrs JnptmgpmIp Nm]fpw, hrJfpw, Nm]ns tI{
tImWpw AXns adpNm]nse tImWpw Xnep _w, \mep aqeIfnepw IqSn ISpt]m
Ip Hcp hrw hcbvmhp NpX`pP FnhbpsSsbmw khntijXIfpw {]tbmK
fpw XpSNnIfpamWv Cu A[ymbn N sNpXv. _lp`pPv Xpey]cf
hp kaNXpcns \nanXn ChnsS N sNpp.
{][m\ Bib
*

cv _npfn IqSn ISv t]mIp hcI \nnX tImWn JnpIbmsW

n Ans\ Jnp _np tNv Nm]tPmUnI Dmpp.

hrnse Hcp hymkns A AXnse atsXmcp _nphpambn tbmPnn

m InpXv atIm Bbncnpw.

hrnse Hcp hymkns A hrn\Ip _nphpambn tbmPnn

m InpXv _rlXvtIm Bbncnpw.

hrnse Hcp hymkns A hrn\v ]pdp _nphpambn tbmPnn

m InpXv \yq\tIm Bbncnpw.

Hcp hrns hymkns A Hcp _nphpambn tbmPnntm atIm

Innsbn B _np hrnembncnpw.

adpNm]w F Bibw

hrnse Hcp Nm]w tI{nepmp tImWns ]IpXnbmWv. B Nm]w AXns

adpNm]nse Hcp _nphnepmp tIm.

hrJw F Bibw

Htc hrJnse tImWpI XpeyamWv.

adpJfnse tImWpI A\p]qcIamWv.

Hcp NXp`pPns aqeIsfmw Hcp hrnemsWn AXns FXntImWpI

A\p]qcIamWv.

Hcp NXp`pPns FXntImWpI A\p]qcIamsWn AXns \mev aqeIfn

IqSnbpw ISv t]mIp Hcp hrw hcmw.

N{Iob NXp`pPw F Bibw

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 23

Hcp hrn AB, CD Fo RmWpI P F _nphn Jnm PA X PB = PC X PD

Bbncnpw.

Hcp hrnse AB, CD Fo RmWpI \onhcv hrn\v ]pdv P F _np

hn Jnm PA X PB = PC X PD Bbncnpw

Hcp hrn AB F hymks CD F Rm ew_ambn P bn Jnppsh

n AP X PB = PC2 Bbncnpw.

NXpcw, {XntImWw, NXp`pPw Ch Hmtcmn\pw Xpey]cfhp kaNXpcns

\nanXn

cv _npfn IqSn ISpt]mIp hcI \nnX tImWn JnpIbmsW

n As\ Jnp _np tNv Nm]tPmUnI DmIpp.
*

hcI 900 tImWn Jnptm

hcI 900 Ipdhmb tImWn Jnptm

hcI 900 IqSpXemb tImWn Jnptm

{]h\w (1)
(kma{KnI : ImUvt_mUn shnsbSp {XntImWw)
{XntImWns cphi, t_mUn hc Hcp tcJbpsS A{K_npfneqsS
ISpt]mIhn[w shpp. B hi tNcp aqebpsS m\w ASbmfsSppp
(Nn{Xw 1 )
P

(Nn{Xw 1 )
A

Ccn {XntImWw hyXykvX coXnbn {IaoIcnv aqebpsS m\w ASbmfsSp

pp.
(kqN\ : ImUv t_mUntem, sXtamtIm jontem
sampkqNn D]tbmKnv _nphns m\w ASbmfsSpmw.
aqebpsS m\w IpnIsfsmv ASbmfsSpmw)

24 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

{]h\w (2)
kma{KnI : Nn{Xw (2) xs hne 400, 550,600, 800, 900,
1000,1200, 1250, 1400 BIhn[w ImUvt_mUn shnsbSp
]v {XntImW ( 900 tImWns Afhn csw)

x0

(Nn{Xw 2)
(i)
Hmtcm {XntImWhpw Hmtcm {Kqn\v \Ipp. Hmtcm {Kqpw Hcp Nmv t]dn Htc
\ofn AB F hc hcv apIfn sNbvX {]h\w (1) Bhnpp. (hcbpsS Ccp
`mKfnepw ]camh[n _np ASbmfsSpm {inpatm)
Hmtcm {Kqpw ASbmfsSpnb _np tNv DmIp cq]ns khntijX
N sNpp. (A hrambXpw AmXpw)
(ii)
Hmtcm {Kqn\pw e`n cq] shnsbSppp. AB bneqsS apdnv cv `mKfmp
p. Cu `mK {KqpIfn ssIamdn, GsXmw `mK tNpshptmgmWv Hcp
hrw InpXv Fv Ispp. B hrnse Ccp`mKfnsebpw tImWpIfpsS
khntijX N sNpp.
(iii) {]h\w 2(i) hc AtX \ofn AB F hc hymkamn t\mp]pkvXI
n Hcp hrw hcbvpp. t\cs ImUvt_mUn shnsbSp {XntImW D]
tbmKnv AB bpsS A{K_npfn IqSn ISpt]mIp hi tNcp aqebpsS m\w
ASbmfsSppp. (Hcp {XntImWw D]tbmKnv Hscw am{Xw) hi Dmp
tImWns Afhv 900, 900 Ipdhv 900 IqSpX hcptm, ASbmfsSpnb _np
fpsS m\w hrnemtWm, hrn\v ]pdmtWm hrn\ImtWm Fv N
sNpp.
*
hrnse Hcp hymkns A hrnse atsXmcp _nphpambn tbmPn
nm InpXv atIm Bbncnpw. (sXfnhv ]mT]pkvXInse t]Pv 29)

(Nn{Xn AB hymkw

LAPB atIm Bbncnpw)

P
Nn{Xw (3)
MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 25

WORK SHEET
N

1)

Nn{Xn LM hymkamWv

LLNM = .........................

2)

LPQR = 700 , LQPR = 450 Bbm

LPRS = .........................

3)

LABD = 90 , LBDC= 350 Bbm

LBCD = .........................
D

4)
P

LCDP = 800 , Bbm LE bpsS Afhv

BImhptXXv ?
(650, 850, 950, 1050 )

K
M

LLMN = 900 , Bbm LK bpsS Afhv

BImhptXXv ?

5)
L

(1200, 1000, 900, 600 )

26 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

A
C

LBAC = 900 , Bbm LBCD bpsS

Afhv BImhptXXv ?

6)
B

(900, 800, 1000, 850 )

C
P

Nn{Xn AB hymkamWv

7)
A

Nn{Xn AB hymkamWv

8)
B

LACB, LAPB, Chbn GXmWv hepXv ?

LACB, LAPB, Chbn GXmWv hepXv ?

hrnse Hcp hymkns A, hrn\Ip _nphpambn

tbmPnnm InpXv _rlXvtIm Bbncnpw.
(sXfnhv ]mT]pkvXIn t]Pv 31 )

Nn{Xn AB hymkamWv
A

LAQB _rlXvtIm Bbncnpw

Nn{Xw (4)
MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 27

hrnse Hcp hymkns A, hrn\v ]pdp _nphpambn

tbmPnnm InpXv \yq\tIm Bbncnpw.
(sXfnhv ]mT]pkvXIn t]Pv 31 )
R

Nn{Xn AB hymkamWv
B

LARB \yq\tIm Bbncnpw

Nn{Xw (5)
*

Hcp hrns hymkns A Hcp _nphpambn tbmPnntm atIm

Innsbn B _np hrnembncnpw
Cu _np hrn\ImIn. (hrn\ImIWsan Cu tIm _rlXv
tIm BbncnWw)

Cu _np hrn\v ]pdpa. (hrn\v ]pdmsWn Cu tIm \yq\

tIm BbncnWw)
AXpsImv Cu _np hrn XsbmWv.
(Cu _np hrnemWv Fv t\cnp sXfnbnpXn\v ]Icw, hrn As
n tIm aa FmWv sXfnbnncnpXv. Cu coXnbn sXfnbnpXns\ Proof by
contraposition Fv hnfnpp)

Nn{Xn PQ hymkamWv

1)
Q

NphsS sImSphbn

LPRQ s Afhv BImhptXXv ?

R

(500, 700, 900, 1100 )

28 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

2)

Nn{Xn O hrtI{w

NphsS sImSphbn

LAMB bpsS Afhv BImhptXXv ?

(850, 900, 950, 1000 )
M

Nn{Xn AB hymkamWv

3)
B

LAPB = 1250 Bbm

LACB, LPAC Ch ImWpI

4)

Nn{Xn XY hymkamWv

LAYZ = 200 Bbm

Y

LXAY , LXZY Ch ImWpI

Nm]hpw adpNm ]hpw

Nn{Xn A, B Fo _np hrs

APB, AQB Fo cp Nm]fmbn `mKnpp
Chbn Nm]w APB bpsS adpNm]amWv
Nm]w AQB

Q
P

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 29

Nn{Xn 'O' hrtI{w

*
O
M

PMQ s

1)

Nm]w

2)

Nm]w PMQ s tI{ tIm GXv ?

3)

Nm]w PMQ, Nm]w PNQ

ChbpsS tI{tImWpIfpsS XpIsb{X ?

adpNm]w GXv ?

Nn{Xn 'O' hrtI{w

*
O

B
D

1)

Nm]w ADB bpsS tI{tIm GXv?

2)

Nm]w ADB se tIm GXv ?

3)

Nm]w ADB bpsS adpNm]w GXv ?

4)

Nm]w ADB bpsS adpNm]nse

tIm GXv ?

Nm]ns tI{tImWpw adpNm]nse tImWpw

WORKSHEET (2)
R

1) Nn{Xn 'O' hrtI{w

L P = 400
L ORP = .....................
L POR = .....................

) 400

LQOR = .....................
Nm]w QSR s tI{ tIm W fhpw LQPR s
Afhpw Xnep _taXv ?

30 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

2) Nn{Xn 'O' hrtI{w

L OAM = 300
L OBM = 400 BIpp

L OMA = ............

L OMB = ............

L AOM = ............

L BOM = ............

L AMB = ............

L AOB = ............

A
B
N

Nm]w ANB bpsS tI{tImWfhpw L AMB bpsS

Afhpw Xnep _sav ?

3) Nn{Xn 'O' hrtI{w

L OPA = 200 L OQA = 700 BIpp

L OAQ = ............

L OAP = ............

L QOA = ............

L POA = ............

L PAQ = ............

L POQ = ............

P
B

Nm]w PBQ s tI{tImWfhpw L PAQ s

Afhpw Xnep _sav ?

4) Nn{Xn 'O' hrtI{w

L OAC = 400 L OBC = 650

L OCA = ............

L OCB = ............

L AOC = ............

L BOC = ............

L ACB = ............

L AOB = ............

O
B
A
C

Nm]w ADB bpsS tI{tImWfhpw L ACB bpsS

Afhpw Xnep _sav ?

hrnse Hcp Nm]w tI{nepmp tImWns ]IpXnbmWv B Nm]w AXns

adpNm]nse Hcp _nphnepmp tIm
(sXfnhv ]mT]pkvXInse t]Pv 33,34,35,36 )

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 31

Hcp tImWns ]IpXn Afhp tImWns \nanXn

B

AB sb P epw AC sb Q epw Jn
hn[w A tI{ambn hrw hcbvpp

tImWn\v ]pdp hr`mKnse Hcp

_np R ASbmfsSpn PR, QR
hcbvpp

(LBAC, LPRQ Ch Xnep

_sav ?)
*

NphsS sImSp Hmtcm Nn{Xnepw x s hne IWmpI

(Hmtcmnepw O hrtI{w)

) x0

650
) 800

x0

300
x

NphsS sImSp Hmtcm Nn{Xnepw x,y ChbpsS hne ImWpI

(Hmtcmnepw O hrtI{w)
)
1250
)

x0

15 0

y0

y0

400

y0
)

x0
) 500

800
x0

hr J
Hcp hrnse GXp RmWpw AXns\ cp
`mKfmpp. Ccw `mKsf hr J
FmWv ]dbpXv.

32 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

Nn{Xn LPRQ = 500 Bbm

.

Nm]w PTQ s tI{ tImWfhv F{X?

LPSQ F{X ?
T
Q

{]h\w
D

A
B

Nn{X n ImWp Xp t]mse Hcp ImUv

t_mUn hcbvpp.
tjUv sNbvX `mKw shnsbSpv D,E Fo _np
fn tNpshm Hmtcm tImWpw Hnt\m
sSmv tNp \npXmbn ImWmatm
( LACB, LADB, LAEB Ch Hmtcmpw Htc hr
Jnse tImWpIfmWv)

Hcp hrJnse tImWpIsfmw adpJnse Nm]ns tI{tImWns ]IpXn

BbXpsImv Ah Xpeyambncnpw
*

AXmbXv Htc hrJnse tImWpI XpeyamWv.

D

Nn{Xn LADC = 750 BIpp

C

Nm]w ABC bpsS tI{ tImWfhv F{X?

Nm]w ADC bpsS tI{tImWfhv F{X ?

LABC F{X ?
B

{]h\w

.
A

Nn{X n
ImW p Xp t]mse
ImUvt_mUn hcbvpp
C

Hcp

tjUv sNbvX `mKw (Htc Bcap hrmwi)

shnsbSpv NphsS ImWpXpt]mse tNp
shpp

B
MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 33

( LADC, LADC Ch adpJfnse tImWpIfmWv)

Hcp tPmSn adpJfnse Nm]fpsS tI{tImWpIfpsS XpI 3600 BWv. AXp
sImv Ahbnse tImWpIfpsS XpI 1800 Bbncnpw.
*

AXmbXv adpJfnse tImWpI A\p]qcIamWv.

(kqN\ : apIfn sNbvX cp {]h\ sF.kn.n Sq D]tbmKnpw Xmdmm

hpXmWv)
*

Nn{Xnse PQR Hcp a{XntImWamWv.

LA bpw LP bpw BC = QR BWv
ABC
bpsS ]cnhrns hymkw PQ s
\ofn\v XpeyamsWv sXfnbnpI

(kqN\ : BC bvv Cew_ambn bn IqSn hcbvp tcJ ABC bpsS ]cnhrs D

ABC bpsS ]cnhrns hymkw BD Bbncnpatm
Jnppshncns.
.
BCD =
QRP
. BD
. = PQ]

C
P
Nn{Xn LBAC = 550 Bbm
LBPC F{X ?

1)

34 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

2)
P

Nn{Xn LPQR = 1000 Bbm

LPSR F{X ?

Q
D
E
Nn{Xn LABD = 650 Bbm
LACD F{X ?
LAED F{X ?

3)
C

hrhpw NXp`qPhpw
*
Hcp NXp`qPns aqeIsfmw Hcp hrnemsWn AXns FXntImWpI
A\p]qcIamWv.
(adpJfnse tImWpI A\p]qcIamWv F Bibw D]tbmKnmatm)
CXv adnp]dm icnbmIptam ?
AXmbXv NXp`qPns FXntImWpI A\p]qcIamsWn AXns \mev aqeI
fn IqSnbpw ISpt]mIp Hcp hrw hcbvm Ignbptam ?
Hcp NXp`qPns aqv aqeIfn IqSn hcbvp hrn\v ]pdmWv \mem
as aqesbn B aqebntebpw FXnaqebntebpw tImWpIfpsS XpI 1800 tbm Ipd
hmWv. AImsWn XpI 1800 tbm IqSpXepw

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 35

D
E
E

A
B
B

Nn{Xn L B, L D ChbpsS XpI

1800 Ipdhmbncnpw

Nn{Xn L B, L D ChbpsS XpI

1800 IqSpXembncnpw

(sXfnhv ]mT]pkvXInse t]Pv 48, 49 )

kqN\ : sXfnhn\mhiyamb apdnhv DdnpXn\v hvjov (1) Aev]w amw hcpn
D]tbmKsSpmhpXmWv)
A,B,C Fo _npfn IqSnbp hrs ASnm\amn \memas _np (D)
Nennv Bibw t_mysSpmhpXmWv
D

NXp`pPw ABCD L B + L D=1800

BsWncns.
A,B,C Chbn IqSn Hcp hrw hcm hrn\v
]pd (]pdmIWsan L B, L D ChbpsS XpI
1800 tbm IpdhmIWw)

D hrn\v AI (AImsWn L B, L D
ChbpsS XpI 1800 tbm IqSpXemIWw) AXp
sImv D hrn XsbmWv.

Hcp NXp`pPns FXntImWpI A\p]qcIamsWn AXns \mep aqeIfn

IqSnbpw ISpt]mIp Hcp hrw hcbvmw
(Ccw NXp`pPs N{Iob NXp`pPw Fv hnfnpw)

NphsS sImSpncnphbn N{Iob NXp`qPw GXv ? Amh GXv ?

ImcWw hniZampI
(i)

Fm tImWpIfpw

(ii)

Hcp tIm 800 Bb kmamcnIw

(iii)

kmachifnsemnse tImWpI 700 hoXw Bb ew_Iw

(iv)

kamchifnsemnse tImWpI 800, 900 Bb ew_Iw

Xpeyamb NXp`pPw

36 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

NXpcam kmamcnIsfmpw N{Inba Fv sXfnbnpI

(kqN\ : kmamcnIw ABCD bn L A = L C
NXpcamXn\m L A = 900 AXpsImv L A + L C = 180 )

ka]mizam ew_Isfmpw N{Ioba Fv sXfnbnpI

(kqN\ : PQRS Hcp ka]mizam ew_IamsWn (PQ || RS)

LP=LQ
PQ || RS BbXpsImv L P + L S = 180
AXpsImv L Q + L S = 180 ]
1)

N{Inb NXp`pPw ABCD L C = 500 , L D = 95 0 Bbm L A, L B Ch ImWpI

2)

NXp`pPw ABCD L A = 800 , L B = 110 0, L C = 85 0 BIpp. L D F{X? DbpsS

m\w A,B,C Chbn IqSn hcbvp hrnemtWm, ]pdmtWm, AImtWm
Fv IspI.

3)

NXp`pPw PQRS L P + L R = 2000 BIpp. S s m\w P,Q,R Chbn IqSn

hcbvp hrnemtWm ]pdmtWm, AImtWm Fv \nWbnpI

Nm]J\w
Nn{Xn AOB, COD
Ch kZriamtWm ? FpsImv ?

1)

B
)

500

500

O
C
A

Nn{Xn PMQ,
RMS
Ch kZriamtWm ? FpsImv ?

2)
M

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 37

D
*

Nn{Xn AB, CD
Fo RmWpI P Jnpp
kZri {XntImWfpsS XpeytImWpIsXn
scbp hi B\p]mXnIamWv F hkvXpX
D]tbmKnv
PA PD
Fv sXfnbnmatm
=
PC PB

B
P
C

(CXns KpW\ cq]w PA X PB = PC X PD )

Nn{Xn OQR,
OSP
Ch kZriamtWm ? FpsImv ?

Q
P

60 0

O
)

60 0

Nn{Xn OBC, ODA

Ch kZriamtWm ? FpsImv ?

2
A
C

Nn{Xn BA, DC
Fo RmWpI \on hcv, hrn\v
]pdv P Jnpp

A
P
C

PBC LPCB bvsXncmb hiw GXv ?

PDA L PAD bvsXncmb hiw GXv ?

D
38 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

PB
kZri{XntImWpfpsS XpeytImWpIsXncmb hi B\p]mXnIamWv FXpsImv
Fv sXfnbnmw
PA = PD
PC PB
(CXns KpW\ cq]w PA X PB = PC X PD )
C

Nn{Xn AB hymkw CD I AB
AB, CD Ch P JnpXpsImv
PA X PB = PC X PD
hrtI{n \npw RmWntep ew_w
RmWns\ ka`mKw sNpXn\m
AXpsImv PA X PB = PC2

D
*
hrnse Hcp hymkhpw AXn\p ew_amb RmWpw FSpm, Rm hymks
apdnp cp `mKfpsS KpW\^ew RmWns ]IpXnbpsS hKamWv
1)
Hcp hrn AB, CD Fo RmWpI P Jnpp.
PA = 20 cm, PB = 18 cm., PC = 24 cm. Abm PD F{X?

Nn{Xn AP = 8 cm. AQ= 18 cm

AR = 16 cm.
Bbm AS F{X ?

Q
2)

P
A

2)

Nn{Xn CD hymkamWv.
EF I CD, CF = 4 cm
DF = 9 cm
Bbm EF F{X ?

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 39

4)

7 sk.an. \ofap Hcp tcJ hcbvpI

5)

12 N.sk.an. ]cfhp Hcp kaNXpcw hcbvpI

NXpcn\v Xpey]cfhp kaNXpcns \nanXn

C

E
A

*
NXpcw ABCD hcbvpp. AB F hiw \onhcv AXn BE = BC BIhn[w
E ASbmfsSppp. AE hymkambn Ahrw hcbvpp.CB \onhcv A[hrs
F Jnpp. BF hiambn kaNXpcw BFGH \nnpp.
(kaNXpcw BFGHs ]cfhv =
BF2
=
AB X BF
=
AB X BC
=
NXpcns ]cfhv )
{XntImWns Xqey]cfhp kaNXpcns \nnXn
A

ABC bpsS AtX ]cfhp NXpcw

Nn{Xn ImWnncnpXpt]mse \nanmw.
E
(BC bvv kamcambn AB bpsS

a[y_nphneqsS hcbvpp)
NXpcw BCDE bpsS
AtX ]cfhp kaNXpcw \nnmatm

NXp`pPn\v Xpey]cfhp kaNXpcns \nanXn

NXp`pPn\v Xpey]cfhp {XntImWns \nnXn 9mw Xcn ]Tnnp
tm. {XntImWn\v Xpey]cfhp NXpchpw NXpcn\v Xpey]cfhp kaNXpchpw
hcbvmw.
40 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

aqey\nb {]h\
C

1)

O
3 cm

O tI{amb hrns Bcw 3 sk.an.

ABC bn AC = BC
Fn AC bpsS \ofw F{X ?

2)

Nn{Xn O hr tI{amWv.

LPQR = 500 Bbm LQPR F{X ?

R
C

Nn{Xn AC=BC BWv.

3)

4)

LA = 200 Bbm AB hymkambn hcbvpp.

hrs ASnm\amn C bpsS m\w Fhn
sSbmbncnpw ?

AB = 6 cm, BC = 8 CM, AC = 10 cm

ABC bnse AC hymkambn hcbvp hrs ASnm\amn B bpsS m\w

FhnsSbmWv. BC hymkambn hcbvp hrs ASnm\ambn A bpsS m\w FhnsS
bmWv ?

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 41

5)

Nn{Xn C hrtI{w. Nm]w AEB bpsS

tI{tIm 700 Bbm

(a)

LADB F{X ?

(b)

LCAB F{X ?

(C)

LAEB F{X ?

L
K
6)

Nn{Xn

LMN se aqv tImWpIfpw

XpeyamWv. Fn LMKN F{X ?

7)

Nn{Xn LCBP = 950 , LDCQ = 800

NXp`pPw ABCD bpsS Fm tImWpIfpw
IspI
A

42 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

8)

C tI{amb hrnse ST F Rm

C
Q
S
T

9)

PQ F hymkn\v kamcamWv

LQRS = 750 BWv.

(a)

LQCS F{X ?

(b)

LCQS F{X ?

(C)

LQST F{X ?

Xmsg sImSpncnp \n_\Iv hnt[bambn Hcp {XntImWw \nnpI

F)

{XntImWns ]cnhrns Bcw 4 sk.an.

_n)

cv tImWpI 500, 700 hoXw

10)

O tI{amb hrn LOAB = 200 Bbm

LOCB = 550 Bbm

A

(a)

LAOB F{X ?

(b)

LAOC F{X ?

C
C
D
11)

C
A

Nn{Xn AB hrns hymkhpw

LADC = 1300 bpw BWv.

LBAC IWmpI

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 43

D
12)

C
A

Nn{Xn LA = 2x, LB = y -10, LC = y-40, LD =

x+20 Fns\ BIpp.
ChbpsS hne ImWpI
x,y ChbpsS hne ImWpI

D
13)

Nn{Xn AB, CD Fnh ]ckv]cw ew_amb

cv RmWpIfmWv. Ch P F _nphn
Jnpp.

14)

AB = 18 cm, PB = 12 cm, AC=10 cm

Fn PD, BD
Fnh IWmpI

NXp`pPw ABCD bn AB = 6 cm, LA = 800, LB = 700, A D = 7 cm, BC=5 cm

NXp`pPw ABCD hcpI.
Cu NXp`pPns Xpey]cfhp kaNXpcw hcpI.

15)

ka]miz{XntImWw ABC bn LA = LB BWv. AB = 5 cm, LA = 400 {XntImWw hcv

AXn\v Xpey]cfhp NXpcw hcpI
N
D

16)

Nm]w AMB bpsS tI{tIm 800

Nm]w CND bpsS tI{tIm 500
Bbm LAPB F{X ?
(kqN\ : AD tbmPnnpI.
PADbpsS _mlytImWmWv LAPB )

B
M

44 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

17)
S
Q
B

Nm]w SBT bpsS tI{tIm 1100

Nm]w QAR s tI{tIm 500
Bbm LQPRF{X ?
(kqN\ : QT tbmPnnpI.
PQTbpsS _mlytImWmWv LSQT )

18)

E
S

Nn{Xn AB I CD, Nm]w BED

Nm]w AFC ChbpsS tI{tImWfhpIfpsS
XpI 1800
Fv sXfnbnpI
(kqN\ : AD hcpI )
B

A
F
C

S
P

Nn{Xn O hrtI{w.
LQSR = x0
Bbm LPQR F{X ?

Q
R

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 45

Nn{Xn O hrtI{w.
LBAC, LABC, LADC
Ch ImWpI

1100
O

D
G
E

Nn{Xn ABCDEF Hcp kajUv`pPamWv.

L EGD F{X ?
C

B
A

Nn{Xn ABCDEF Hcp ka]`pPhpw AFG

Hcp ka`qP{XntImWhpamWv.
AB, BF, FC, ABF Fo sNdnb Nm] hr
ns F{X `mKamsWv Ip]nSnpI

G
D

)
)

60 0 70 0

Nn{Xn O hrtI{amWv.
LAOB = 600
LBOC = 700 ABC hcm
LABC F{X ?
LBAC F{X ?
LACB F{X ?

46 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

C
*

Nn{Xn Xpey AfhpIfp tImWpI

tPmUnbmbn FgpXpI

D
B
A

Nn{Xn AjvS`pPnse Fm iojfpw

Htc hrnemWv.
LA +LC +LE +LG = LB +LD +LF+LH
Fv sXfnbnpI

20 0

O
A

C
100 0

Nn{Xn NXp`pPw ABCD N{Inb NXp`pPam

Wv. O hrtI{w hiw AD, E bntev \onbncn
pp. NXp`pPw ABCD bnse Fm tImWpIfpw
Ip]nSnpI. LAEC ImWpI

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 47

Nn{Xn O hrtI{w
LB = 1000
LBCE = 800 NXp`pPw ABCE bnse
Fm tImWpIfpw ImWpI
CED bnse Fm tImWpIfpw ImWpI

80

E
O

1000

Nn{Xn LB = 1100 hrtI{w

LAEC, LADC, LAFC ChbpsS Afhv 500, 800,700,
Fns\bmWv. tImWns t]cns {Ian
e. AhbpsS Afhv XncnpXv. Fn

D
A
E

LAEC
LADC
LEAD
LDAF

1100

B
C

A )

E
O
B

) 80

..............................
..............................
..............................
..............................

cv hr C,D Fo _npfn
Jnpp.
A,D,E Ch Htc tcJbnemWv. AXpt]mse
B,C,F Fnhbpw. cv NXp`pPfnse
Fm iojfnsebpw tImWpI Ip
]nSnpI

70 0

=
=
=
=

B
A

R
P

Nn{Xn Nm]w BQD bpsS tI{

tIm 1000 bpw Nm]w ARC bpsS
tI{tIm 800 bpw Bbm
LP ImWpI

48 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

Aymbw 3

cmw IrXn kahmIy

BapJw
KWnX {]iv\]cnlmcn\v (AmXkwJy IspXn\v) _oPKWnXns
km[yXI IpnI CXnt\mSIw ]cnNbsnpv. hn]coX {InbI hgn a\Wmbn
{]iv\ ]cnlmcw Ismsapw CXn\v {]bmkw t\cnSp k`fn _oPKWnXhmIy
cq]oIcnv eLqIcWw hgn AmXkwJybn Fntcmsapw Ah a\nemn
bnpv. AmXkwJybpsS Hmw IrXn am{Xw DsSp kahmIyfmWv CXphsc
bp mpIfn AhXcnnXv. Cu Aymbn AmXkwJyIfpsS cmw IrXn
IqSn DsSp kahmIyfpw AhbpsS ]cnlmc amKfpamWv {]Xn]mZnpXv. {]iv\
hniIe\w \Sn AXns\ KWnX]cambn Npcpn FgpXm (_oPKWnX hmIy cq]oIcWw)
IpnI t\Snb tijnI IqSpX sasSpm\p {]h\ AhXcnntXp
v. {]iv\fpsS {]tXyIX A\pkcnv hnhn[ ]cnlmcamKfn A\ptbmPyambXv kzo
Icnm IpnIv km[nWw. cmwIrXn kahmIyfpsS ]cnlmcn hKaqew
ImWp {]{Inb kzm`mhnIambpw ISphcpw. GXv A[nkwJypw cv hKaqeD
Xn\m AmXkwJyv cv hneI hsc Inntbmw. Chbn bpamb ]cnlmcamWv
kzoIcntXv. Nne kahmIyv ]cnlmcapsnepw {]mtbmKnI {]iv\v Ah
]cnlmcamsX hcmw. Hcp kahmIyw Xs hnhn[ {]tbmKnI {]iv\fpsS ]cnlmcn\v
klmbIcamImw. Cu ]mT]pkvXInse Xs av A[ymbfnse KWnX{]iv\]cnlmc
n\pw ap hnjbfnse Ccw {]iv\fpsS ]cnlmcn\pw Cu A[ymbw klmbIam
hppv. IqSmsX kahmIyfpw _lp]Zfpw Xnep _hpw N sNsSppv.
{][m\ Bib
*

cmw IrXn kahmIyns cq]oIcWw

cmw IrXn kahmIyv cv ]cnlmc hsc Dmhmw

]qWhK cq]nep kahmIyfpsS ]cnlmcw

hKnIhv

*
*
*

x=-b+

b2-4ac
2a
ax2+bx+c=0 F kahmIyn b2-4ac (hnthNIw) bpsS {]kn AYhm hnthN
Ins hnebpw ]cnlmchpw Xnep _w
ax2+bx+c=0 F kahmIyns ]cnlmcw

cmw IrXn kahmIyfpw cmw IrXn _lp]Zfpw Xnep _w

]T\ {]h\
*

48 sk.an. Npfhp kaNXpcns Hcp hins \ofw Fv ?

CtX Npfhp ka`pP{XntImWns Hcp hins \ofw ImWpI. CtX Npf
hp kajUv`pPns hitam ?

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 49

Hcp NXpcns Npfhv 80 sk.an., hoXn 12 sk.an., Fn \ofw Fv ?

CtX Npfhp asmcp NXpcns \ofw, hoXntbm 10 sk.an. IqSpXemWv. B
NXpcns hoXn Fv ? \ofw Fv ?

XpSbmb cv F kwJyIfpsS XpI 25. kwJyI Gh ?

XpSbmb cv HkwJyIfpsS XpI 36. kwJyI Gh?

81 N.sk.an. ]cfhp kaNXpcns Hcp hins \ofsav ?

Hcp kwJybpsS hKw 81 Bbm kwJytbXv?

Hcp kwJybpsS hKtmSv 6 Iqnbtm 150 Inn. kwJytbXv?

Hcp kaNXpcns ]cfhnt\m 60 N.sk.an. IqSpXemWv Hcp NXpcns ]c

fhv. NXpcns ]cfhv 285 N.sk.an. Fn kaNXpcns hins \of
sav ?

Hcp kwJybpsS hKns 3 aSn \nv 2 Ipdm 190 Inpw. kwJy GXv ?

Hcp kaNXpcns hitm 3 sk.an. IqSpX hiap asmcp kaNXpcn\v

400 N.sk.an. ]cfhpv. BZy kaNXpcns Hcp hins \ofsav ?

Hcp kaNXpcns Npfhnt\m 20 sk.an. IqSpX Npfhp asmcp kaNXpc

n\v 144 N.sk.an. ]cfhpv. sNdnb kaNXpcns hisav ?
Cu {]iv\fpsS ]cnlmcw a\Wmtbm kahmIyw cq]oIcntm IpnI Ip]n
Sns. (a\Wmbn Ip]nSn ]cnlmc kahmIy cq]oIcnpw Ip]n
Snp t\ms)
(Cu kahmIyfn Hmw IrXnbmbh, cmw IrXnbmbh thXncns.)

kqN\ :
kaNXpcns ]cfhv 81 N.sk.an.Fn hiw = 9 sk.an. kwJybpsS hKw
81 Bbm kwJy +9 Asn 9 BImw. ]s kaNXpcns hiw 9 Bhntm

kahmIyfpsS ]cnlmcw ImWpI

Set 1

Set 2

x2

25

x2 +1 =

50

3x 2

108

x2 +5 =

86

1 x2
2
4 x2
5
8 x2
3

98

x2 - 3

118

180

2x2+1 =

19

96

5x2-3 =

77

*
*

50 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

Set 3

Set 4

(x+1)2

25

(x_1)2

16

(x+3)2

64

(x_3)2

49

(x+7)2

225

(x_7)2

625

Set 5

Set 6

(2x+1)2

81

(2x_1)2

49

(3x + 2 )2

64

(3x _2 )2

169

(5x + 3 )2

324

(5x _ 3 )2

289

WORK SHEET
Set 1

Set 2

x2+8x+16 = (x+4)2

x +16x+64 = (.....+.....)

x _10x+25 = (....._.....)2

x +2x+1 = .....................

Set 3

x2+3x+ 9
4
_
m2 7m+ 9
64
2_
a 3a+ 4
4
2_
x 5x+ 25
7
196

.....................

.....................

.....................

.....................

Set 4

4x2 + 28x+49 = ...........................

25y2 + 90y + 81 = .......................

1 x2+ 4 x + 4 =
9
9
9

.....................

4 y2_ 1 y+ 1 =
9
3 16
9 x2_ x+25 =
25
36
2 _
x 5x +25 =
16 4
4

.....................
.....................
.....................

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 51

WORK SHEET
]qcnnpI
*

a2+2ab+b2 = (..................+.................)2

a2 _ 2ab+b2 = (...... _ ........)2

x2+ 10x+.............. = (x.+ 5)2

a2 _ 10 a+.........= (a _ 5)2

y2+ 8 y+.........= (y + 4)4

x2 _ 6x+.........= (x_ 3)2

5
k2+5k+..............= (k+ 2 )2
p2_ 13 p+..............= (p+13 )2
2
1
2
x + x + ..............= (x+ )2
2
1
1
x2_ 2 x +.............= (x_ 4 )2
7
a2 + 3 x + .............= (a + 7 )2
6
5
x2 _ x + .............= (x _ 5 )2
4
8

kaNXpc \nmWw
6

10

Cu cq]w cmbn apdnv tNv shv kaNXpcw \nnmtam ? \nn kaNXpc

ns hiw Fv?
C\n NphsS sImSpncnp cq]w cmbn apdnv tNpshv kaNXcpw Dmn
t\mq. kaNXpcns hiw Fv ?
x

2y

y
52 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

hKnIhv
NXpcmIrXnbmb Hcp ISemkv FSppI. NXpcns hoXn, hiambn hcp kaN
Xpcw AXn \npw apdnp ampp. tijnp NXpcs Nn{Xn kqNnnpXpt]mse
cv XpeyNXpcfmbn apdnpp. Ch apdnpamnb kaNXpcns hifn tNpsh
pI. henb kaNXpcw ]qnbmpXn\v Hcp aqebn sNdnsbmcp kaNXpcw IqSn tNp
shtXptm....

(1)

(2)

(4)

{Ia
\

(3)

(5)

\ofhpw hoXnbpw

\ofw, hoXntbm 2 sk.an. IqSptm

\ofw hoXntbm 6 sk.an. IqSpX

\ofw hoXntbm 10 sk.an. IqSpX

\ofw hoXntbm 12 sk.an. IqSpX

tNpsht sNdnb
kaNXpcns ]cfhv

5
\ofw, hoXntbm 6 sk.an. IqSpXemb NXpcns ]cfhv 55 N.sk.an. Bbm
hoXnsbv ?
aqebn tNpsht kaNXpcns hiw
=
3 sk.an.
AXns ]cfhv
=
9 N.sk.an
henb kaNXpcns ]cfhv
=
55 + 9
=
64 N.sk.an.
henb kaNXpcns hiw
=
8 sk.an.
MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 53

BZy NXpcns hoXn

Cu {]iv\w _oKWnX coXnbn Nnnm
NXpcns hoXn
\ofw
\ofw
]cfhv

=
=

83
5 sk.an.

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

x sk.an.
..........................
..........................
..........................
55
......................
55 + 9 = 64

(x+6 ) x
........................
x2+6x+9
(x+3 ) 2
=
64
x+3
=
+ ......................
x
=
+ .......... _ 3
x
=
......... Asn
(Cu {]iv\n x \v kzoIcnmhp hnetbXv ? FpsImv ?)

hnth N\w
60 sk.an. hoXw \ofap In hfv NphsS sImSpncnp ]cfhpIfp NXcpw
Dmm {ianpp.
*
]cfhv
200 N.sk.an.
*
]cfhv
216 N.sk.an.
*
]cfhv
225 N.sk.an
*
]cfhv
250 N.sk.an.
Hmtcm k`n\\pkcnvpw kahmIyw cq]oIcnv NXpcns hoXnbpw \ofhpw
Ismtam ?
kahmIy hnthNnv AdnbpXn\v "hnthNIw' klmbnpp F hkvXpX Cu
{]h\neqsS t_m[ysSpmatm.
ax2 + bx + c = O F cmw IrXn
kahmIyn
b2_4ac > O Bbm 2 hyXykvX ]cnlmc
b2_4ac = O Bbm Hcp ]cnlmcw am{Xw
b2_4ac < O Bbm ]cnlmcw C

54 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

cmw IrXn _lp]Zfpw cmw IrXn kahmIyfpw

Xnep ]ckv]c _w
Eg.: 1
P (x) = x2+6x+9
P(_3) Bbm
P(x) = x2+6x+9
P(_3) = (_3)2+6(_3)+9
= 9 _ 18 + 9
=0
_
\ P ( 3) = 0

]cnlmcw ImWpI
x2 + 6x + 9 = 0
a = 1 b=6 c = 9
b2 _ 4ac
=
62 _ 4x1x9
=
36 _ 36
=
0
_
2 _
x = 6 + b 4ac
2a
_
=
6+ 0
2x1
_
6 _
=
=
3
2

]cnlmcw = _3
Eg.: 2

P (x) = x2_3x_10 Bbm

P(5), P(_2) Fnh ImWpI
P (x) = x2_3x_10
P(5) = (5)2+3(5)_10
= 25 _ 15 _10
=0
... PC (5) = 0
P(_2) = (_2)2_3(_2)_10
= 4 + 6 _10
=0
... P(_2) = 0

]cnlmcw ImWpI
x2 _ 3x _10 = 0 F kahmIyns
]cnlmcw ImWpI

x2 _ 3x _10 = 0
_
a=1 b= 3
c = _10
hnthNIw = b2 _ 4 ac
_ _
_
=
( 3)2 3 x 1x 10
9 +40 = 49
_
_
x=
b + b2 4x
2a
_ _
= ( 3) + 49
2x1
=3 + 7
2
3 + 7 Asn 3 _ 7
2
10 Asn _ 4
2
2
_
5 Asn 2
]cnlmcw 5 Asn _ 2

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 55

ASSIGNMENT

1)

_lp]Zns hne

]cnlmcw ImWpI

P(x) = x2 _ 10x + 25

x2 _ 10x+ 25 = 0

F kahmIyn
P(5) ImWpI
2)

a2 + 8a+ 16

a2 + 8a + 16 = 0

F kahmIyn
_
P( 4 ) ImWpI
_
P2 5 P + 6 _ 6 P(2)
P(3 ) Ch ImWpI

_
P2 5 P + 6 = 0

4)

x2 + 4x _ 21
_
P(3 ), P( 7) Ch ImWpI

x2 + 4x _ 21 = 0

5)

x2 + 7x + 10
_
_
P( 2 ), P( 5) Ch ImWpI

x2 + 7x + 10 = 0

6)

6x2 + x __ 1 F kahmIyn
P( 1 ), P( 1) Ch ImWpI
3
2

6x2 + x_ 1 = 0

3)

56 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

IqSpX ]cnioe\ {]iv\

1. cv kwJyIfpsS hyXymkw 6 , AhbpsS KpW\^ew 315. kwJyItfh?
2. cv kwJyIfpsS XpI 30, AhbpsS KpW\^ew 161. kwJyItfh ?
3. Hcp NXpcns \ofhpw hoXnbpw bYm{Iaw 50 sk.an., 40 sk.an. Fns\bmWv. Ch
cpw Xpeyambn hnntm ]cfhn 1000 N.sk.an. h\hv Dmbn. Fn
F{X bqWnv hnnp.?
4. Hcp kaNXpcns Hcp hiw 5 sk.an. hnnpIbpw kao]hiw 2 sk.an. Ipdbvp
Ibpw sNbvXtm Inp NXpcns ]cfhv 260 N.sk.an. Bbm kaNXpcns
Hcp hins \ofw F{X ?
5. sjenv eoemtbm 7 hbkv {]mbw IqSpX, {iojbvv eoemtbm 2 hbkv
Ipdhv, tjenbpsSbpw {iojbpsSbpw hbkpI Xn KpWnm 136 Inpw. Fn
tjenbpsSbpw {iojbpsSbpw hbkpIfpsS hyXymkw F{X ? eoembpsS hbkv F{X?
6. Hcp kamc t{iWnbpsS XpSbmb aqv ]ZfpsS KpW\^ew 231, CXnse ay]Zw
7 Bbm ap]Z IspI.
7. Hp apX XpSbmb F kwJyI Iv ]nSnp Ln XpI 1830 Inn.
Fn F{X F kwJyIfpsS XpIbmWv Xncnp kwJy ?
8. Hcp a{XntImWns Iw AXns ]mZns cv aSnt\m Hcp bq\npw, ew_w
]mZnt\m 7 bqWnpw IqSpXemWv. Fn a{XntImWns hifpsS \ofw
Ip]nSnpI.
9.

x2+10x+p = 0F

kahmIyns 2 ]cnlmcfpw Htc kwJyXsbmbm P bpsS hne

F{X?
10. NXpcw IrXnbmb en\v 160 ao. Npfhpv. AXn\Iv 1500 N.ao. hepn Hcp
Ipfhpw Dv. _mnbp ensbpw Ipfnsbpw ]cfhv Xpeyambm e
ns hoXnsb{X ?
11. Hcp NXpcns \ofw hoXnbpsS 3 aSnt\m 3 bqWnv IqSpXemWv. AXns hnIw
\oftm Hcp bqWnv IqSpXemWv. NXpcns \ofhpw hoXnbpw ImWpI ?
12. 60 sk.an. \ofap In hfv a{XntImWampp. CXns Iw 26 sk.an. Bbm
av cv hifpsS \ofw ImWpI ?
13. Nn{Xn AC hymkw BWv.
\ofw F{X?

BD=6 cm, BC bpsS

\ofw

AC tbm 5 cm IpdhmWv. ABbpsS

57
MUKULAM MATHS.................................................................................................................................
................................................................

hrns Bcw F{X ?

14.
C

B
A

Nn{Xn AB = 8, BC = 10, DE = 7,
AD = F{X ?

15. XpSbmb 2 F kwJyIfpsS hKfpsS XpI 113, XpSv hcp 2 F kwJy

I FgpXpI?
16. Hcp hrns Bcns \ofw (4x-2). hrns ]pdp Hcp _nphntep
AIew (10x-2) sXmSphcbpsS \ofw (9x-2) Chsb ASnm\amn Hcp kahmIyw cq]o
IcnpI. Bcw, sXmSphc FnhbpsS \ofw IWmpI?
17. Hcp kwJybpsSbpw AXns hyp{Iansbpw XpI 1 1 Bhnsv sXfnbnpI.
4

18. cv kwJyI Xnep hyXymkw 2. ChbpsS hyp{Ia Xnep hyXymkw 2

63
Cu hkvXpXsb ax2+bx+c = 0F cq]nep kahmIyamn ampI. kwJyI Is
pI.
19. Hcp hrnse AB, CD Fo RmWpI P bn Jnpp. AB = 18cm, PD= 7cm,
CP= 8cm Bbm PB F{X?
20. 20 ao \ofhpw 12 ao hoXnbpw D NXpcmIrXnbmb Hcp lmfns Hcp `mKmbn NXpcmIr
Xnbnep IeymW a]w Dv. a]ns \ofw, hoXn Fnh 3: 2 F Awi
_nemWv. IeymW a]w HgnsIbp lmfns ]cfhv 216 N.ao Bbm IeymW
a]ns \ofhpw hoXnbpw F{X ?
21. S = ut + at2 FXv t sknep m\mcs kqNnnp kahmIyamWv u = 8
m/s, a = 10m/s2, S=49 m . Fn t bpsS hne ImWpI
22. Hcp hr kvXq]nIbpsS Bcns cv aSnt\mSv cv Iqnbm AXns DXn Inpw.
CXns Ncnhv Dbcw 13 sk.an. Bbm kvXq]nIbpsS hymkw F{X?
23. Hcm _mn \npw Hcp XpI ISw hmn. BZyamkw 4000 cq]bpw XpSv hcp Hmtcm
amkhpw sXmp apnse amkw ASXnt\m 50 cq] IqSpXepw ASv sImncpp.
Ahkm\ amkw 5450 cq] AStm AbmfpsS ISw Xop. BZys 4 amkw AS cq]
F{X hoXamWv ? ISw Xocm F{X amkw thn hp ? BsI AS XpI F{X ?
24. Hcp tPmen sNbvXv Xom a bvv b tbm 5 Znhkw Ipdp aXn. cpt]cpw IqSn Hcp
anv tPmen sNpIbmsWn 6 Znhkw sImv B tPmen Xocpw. Fm a bvpw b
bvpw X\nv B tPmen sNbvXv Xom F{X Znhkw hoXw thn hcpw ?
58 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

25.

I
x

x
apIfn Xncnp cq] tNv Hcp kaNXpcw Dmnbtm AXns ]cfhv
144 N.sk.an. Fv Inn. henb kaNXpcns hins \ofw F{X ?
26. ax2+bx+c = 0F kahmIyn a_b+c = 0 Bbm Cu kahmIyn\v Hcp ]cnlmcw
Dsv sXfnbnpI?
27. 2n2 + 5nFXv kamc t{iWnbnse 'n']ZfpsS XpIsb kqNnnpp. 1375 Cu
t{iWnbnse XpSbmb GXm\pw ]ZfpsS XpIbmbm ]ZfpsS Fw F{X ?
28
B

Nn{Xn BD F hiw LABC bpsS ka`mPnbmWv. DC F hiw AD tbmfpw 3

bqWnv IqSpXemWv. AD bpsS cv aSv \ofapv AB bvv. ADtbmfpw IqSpXemWv. BC
Fn ABC bpsS hifpsS \ofw ImWpI.
29 (m+1)x2+2(m+3)x+2m+3 = 0 F kahmIyns 2 ]cnlmcfpw Xpeyambm 'm'
F{X ?
30. ]cnlmcw IspI
a) x2+12x+8 = 2x _ 16
b) x(x+3) = x + 15
c) (x_ 1)2 _ 4 = 0
d) (x + 3)2 _ 9 = 0
e) (x+8)2 = x2 + (x+4)2
MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 59

f) 6x _ 5x = 1

g) x + 3x = 2
3
h) x _ 4 = 1
2 x
_8 =0
3x
i)
2

3x

j) x = 2
x_3 2
=

k) (2x+3) (3x _ 1) = y2
1

l) x + x = 4 4
x _ 5 = 5x _ 7
m) 2x
_3
7x _ 5

n) (6x _ 3 ) (x+5) _ 2(x+6) = 4

60 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

Hmntp hkvXpXI
1.

Hcp kamc t{iWnbpsS XpSbmb aqp]Z

= x-d,x, x+d FsgpXmw

n(n+1)
2

2.

BZys F kwJyIfpsS XpI

3.

Nn{Xn AD FXv LBAC bpsS ka`mPnbmbm

A

BD : DC = AB: ACBbncnpw.

B
4.

\ofw l Dw hoXn b Dw Abm

Hcp NXpcns ]cfhv = lb
Npfhv

5.

= 2(l+b)

a{XntImWns ]cfhv = bh
ad+bc
bd

6.

a + c
d
b

7.

a = c
d
b

Bbm ad = bc

8.

XpSbmb cv F kwJyI = x, x+1

9.

XpSbmb 2 Cc F kwJyI = x, x+2

10.

XpSbmb 2 H F kwJyI = x, x+2

11.

kamc t{iWnbnse BZys cp ]Z x, x+d

12.

a{XntImWns hi Xnep ]ckv]c_w ]mZw2+ew_w2= Iw2

cv kwJyI Xnep hyXymkw 5 Bbm kwJyI x, x+5 or x, x_5

13.

ax2 + bx + c = 0 (a = 0) F kahmIyn
1) b2_4ac = < 0 Bbm kahmIyn\v aqeyw C
2) b2_4ac = 0Bbm kahmIyn\v Hcp aqeyw am{Xw
1)
1)

b2_4ac = > 0Bbm kahmIyn\v cv hyXykvX aqey

b2_4ac sb ax2+bx+c = 0 F kahmIyns hnthNIw Fv ]dbpp

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 61

Hcp tcJob kwJybpsSbpw AXns hyp{Iansbpw XpI

tcJob kwJy x Bbm hyp{Iaw 1 AhbpsS XpI k Bbm
x+ 1 =k
x
2 _
x kx +1 = 0

hnthNIw = k2 _ 4
kahmIyn\v aqeyw DmIWsan hnthNIw > 0 BbncnWw
k2_ 4 > 0
k2_ > 4
.. K > 2 or K < _2
.

HcptcJob kwJybpsSbpw AXns hyp{Iansbpw XpI 2 \pw 2 \pw CSbnep

Hcp kwJy BbncnpIbn.
t{]mPIvSv
cmw IrXn kahmIyfpsS KptWmcfpw aqeyfpw Xnep ]ckv]c_w
IspI

62 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

UNIT TEST
1.

Hcp kwJysb 6 sImv lcnm t]mepw 6 s\ AwKkwJysImv lcntmgpw ^ew

Hp Xsbmbm kwJy GXv ?

2.

XpSbmb cv F kwJyIfpsS KpW\^ew 506 Bbm kwJyI Gh?

3.

XpSbmb CcF kwJyIfpsS KpW\^ew 288 Bbm kwJyI GsXmw ?

4.

Hcp kwJybpsS hKn \nv AXns 8 aSv Ipdm 128 Inpw. kwJy GXv ?

5.

Hcp kwJybpsS \men Hpw AtX kwJybpsS ]nsempw KpWntm 90 Inn.

kwJy IspI.

6.

Hcp a{XntImWns ]mZns 2 aSnt\m 6 IqSpXemWv Iw. aqmas

hiw aqv aSnt\m 6 IpdhmWv. Fn ]mZns \ofw F{X ? Iw F{X?

7.

Hcp tKmfns D]cnXe ]cfhv 784 N.sk.an. Bbm AXns hymkw Fv ?

8.

s]mSov h\hcWns `mKambn 200 hrssXI e`np. ssXI hcn

bntebpw \ncbntebpw F ]camh[n XpeyamIhn[w shp ]nSnntm 4
sNSnI _mnbmbn. Hcp hcnbn F{X ssXI \p ?

9.

Asbpw `mknbpsSbpw hbkpIfpsS Awi_w 3:1 BWv. Av hjw apv Ah

cpsS hbkpIfpsS KpW\^ew 125 Bbm cpt]cpsSbpw Ctmgs hbkv F{X ?

10.

A F ev \nv Hcm t\sc Ingtmtv \Sp. AhnsS \n CStmv Xncnv

t\sc BZyw \S Zqctm 2 In.an. Zqcw A[nIw \Sp. Ctm ]pds m\p
\nv 10 In.an. AIse BsWn Abm \S Zqcw F{X ?
11.

Hcp kwJytbmSv 10 Iqnbm Inp kwJybpw 15 Dw Xnep Awi_hpw kwJy

tbmSv 12 Iqnbm Inp kwJybpw 13 Dw Xnep Awi_hpw Xpeyambm BZy
Awi_nsekwJyI IspI.

12.

HcpssSens \ofw hoXntbm 4 sk.an. IqSpXemWv. 3.6 ao. \ofhpw 2 ao. hoXnbpap
Hcp apdnbpsS \nep ]mIpXn\mbn 1200 ssSepI Bhiyambn hp. ssSens
\ofhpw hoXnbpw ImWpI.

13.

Hcp kaNXpcns Hcp hiw 10% IqpIbpw kao]hiw 10% IpdpIbpw sNbvXtm
Innb NXpcns ]cfhv 99 N.sk.an. Bbm kaNXpcns ]cfhv F{X ?

14.

F kwJyIfn kwJybpsS hKtmSv 1 IqnsbgpXnb t{iWnbmWv 2,5,10....... CXnse

Hcp kwJy 677 Bbm CXns Ccphipap kwJyI GsXmw ?

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 63

Aymbw 4

{XntImWanXn
BapJw
{XntImWfpsS AfhpIfpw AhbpsS {]tXyIXIfpambn _sp hfp hnImkw
{]m]n Hcp KWnXimkv{XimJbmWv {XntImWanXn. kZri{XntImWfpsS {]tXyIXbmWv
CXns ASnm\w. AXn\m {XntImWfn tImWpI Adnm hifpsS Awi
_w {]kvXmhnm IgnbpIbpw CXns\ sine, cosine, tangent Fo t]cpIfneqsS hymJym\n
pIbpw sNpp. ]noSv AIefpw Dbcfpw Ip]nSnm\p {]mtbmKnI k`
fn Ch D]tbmKnpIbpw sNp XcnemWv Cu A[ymbns N.
{][m\ Bib
*

Htc tImWpIfp {XntImWfpsSsbmw hifpsS \of

Htc Awi_nemWv.

sine, cosine tImWns Fo hneI tIm Afm\p kwJyIfmWv F Bibw

Ncnhns Afhmbn tImWns\ ImWp coXnbpambn _sv tangent Afhv

Dbcw, AIew Fnh IWmm {XntImWanXn AfhpIfpsS D]tbmKw

sF.kn.Sn.bpambn _s Bibfpw A[nI hnhcfpw A\p_n sImSp

ncnpp.
{XntImWns hifpw tImWpIfpw
Xmsg ]dbp {]h\w sNpI
{]h\w 1
hifpsS \of 4 sk.an., 5 sk.an, 6 sk.an., 7 sk.an., 8 sk.an, 9 sk.an, 5 sk.an.,
6 sk.an., 7 sk.an. Fnh hcp 3 Xcw {XntImW Hcp In ISemkn hcv shnsbSpp
I. Hmtcm Ipnbpw GsXnepw Hcp Xcw {XntImWw hcv shnsbSpWw. Atm Hmtcm Xc
nepw D Iptd {XntImW DmIpatm. Chsbmw ]cntim[nv kkafmbh
GsXms Fv Isn thXncns. Hcp {XntImWn\v apIfn asmv tNpshv
]cntim[nm A[ym]I klmbnpI.
Cu {]h\n \nv hi Xpeyamb Fm {XntImWfnepw Xpeyhiv
FXnscbp tImWpIfpsS XpeyamIpp Fv 8mw mkn kka{XntImWw F `mKv
]TnXv Hmnnmatm.

64 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

{]h\w 2
Htc Xcnep {XntImWsf Xmsg ImWp coXnbn tNpshv henb {XntIm
WfmpI
5

4
5
4

6
4

4
5

B 4

6
5

8
7

Ctm Innb sNdpXpw hepXpamb {XntImWfn tImWpIfpw hifpw Fs\

_sncnpp Fv ]cntim[npI.
tImWpI XpeyamIpp. Fm hi XpeyamIpn Fv ImWmw.
DZm:

ABE,

OACD Chbn

LA s]mXphmb tIm
LB = LC kka{XntImWnse tImWpI
LE = LD
hi

BE

AB = 4

AC = 8

AB
\ AC
=

4
8

1
2

BE = 6

DC = 12

\ DC =

BE

6
12

1
2

AE = 5

AD = 10

BE
\ AD
=

5
10

1
2

AB
\ AC
= DC =

AE
AD

Fp ImWmw.

aqp Xcw {XntImWfnepw Cs\ ]cntim[nm 9mw mkn kZri{XntImWw

F ]mT`mKv ]Tn Xmsg ]dbp Bibw Hmnnmatm.
tImWpI XpeyamIp {XntImWfnsemw XpeytImWpIv FXnscbp hi
MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 65

 B\p]mXnIamWv.
asmcp {]h\w : Xmsg ImWp Xcn Nn{Xw \Ipp

6 cm

5 cm

8 cm

?
4 cm

16 cm

Htc tImWfhp aqv {XntImWfmWv apIfnepXv. AhbpsS Nne hifpsS

\ofw Xnpv. aphifpsS \ofw IWmpI.
A[ym]I Xmsg ]dbp kqN\IfneqsS N \bnpatm.
Hmas {XntImWns hi 8; 5; 6 Fnh BbXn\m av cv {XntImW
nepw hi Cu kwJyIv B\p]mXnIamWv.
Hmtcm {XntImWnepw Hcphiw XXn\m ap hi IWmmw.
Hmas {XntImWnse 8 Fhin\v kam\amWv cmas {XntImWnse
16 F hiw
AXmbXv 8 x 2 = 16

\ ap cv hi 5 x 2 = 10, 6 x 2 = 12
CXpt]mse aqmas {XntImWnepw hi ImWmatm
CtXmsSmw Xmsg ]dbp {]h\w sNpI
ta sImSp AtX tImWpIfp asmcp {XntImWw hifpsS Afhv ]dbmsX
\IpI.

ChnsS hifpsS \ofw Adnbnsnepw

AB = AC = BC
5
6
8

Fv Inpsav t_m[ysSppI
66 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

CtX _w ap Xcnepw FgpXs

AB = 8 ; AC = 5 ; AB = 8
6
6
BC
BC
5
AC

AB : AC : BC = 8:5:6

Htc tImWpIfp {XntImWfpsSsbmw hifpsS \ofw Htc Awi_nem

sWv ChnsS DdnWw.
CXn\v Xmsg ]dbp {]h\ sImSpmw.
1.

a
6

a ..................; b ..................; c ..................

a =
c =
b =
b ..................; c ..................; a ..................
c =
b =
a =
a : b : c = ...............................

2)

4
)

12

2
a

a ..................;
2 =

b ..................;
9 =

a =....................; b = ..............................

A\p_w t\mpI
ICT D]tbmKnv Htc tImWfhp {XntImWfp hi Xnep Awi

_w Xpeysav t_m[ysSppI
hi \offpsS {Ian a, b,c, bpw
x, y, z Bbm
b
y
c = z

x
a
x
a
b = y , c = z

Fns\ ImWmw

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 67

tImWpIfn \nv hifntev

{XntImWns tImWpI \nbnsm hifpsS Awi_hpw \nbn
sp Fp Itm. Fn hifpsS Awi_w tImWpIfpsS AfhpIfneqsS Fs\
{]kvXmhnmw Fv t\mmw.
450, 45, 900 tImWpIfp {XntImWn \nv XpSmw
{]h\w
IpnIv CjvSap \ofw hiambn FSpv Hcp kaNXpcw hcbvm sImSppI.
hins \ofw FgpXs.
hnIw hcv Inp Hmtcm a{XntImWnsbpw tImWpI
450, 45, 900 Fv Iss.
)
45

Innb a{XntImWns aqmas hiw ss]XtKmdkv XXzw

D]tbmKnv ImWmatm
)

45

Innb hifpsS \ofw ]nIbmbn FgpXpI

tImWpI
Ipn 1

XpeytImWpIv FXnscbp
hi

450, 45, 900

5 cm, 5 cm, 5 2 cm

450, 45, 900

a cm, a cm, a 2 cm

hifpsS
Awi_w
1: 1: 2

Ipn 2

CXp t]mse ka`pP{XntImWn \nv XpSn 300, 600, 900 tImWfhp {XntImW
ns hifpsS Awi_w {]kvXmhnmatm
tImWpI 450, 45, 900 Bbm hi 1 : 1 : 2 Dw
tImWpI 300, 600, 900 Bbm hi 1 : 3 : 2 Dw
BIpp Fv t_m[ysSpatm

68 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

{]h\w
Xmsg sImSpp Nn{X DsSp hv jov \In aphifpsS \ofw ImWpI
?
45

45

1.

?
45

10

10

5 3
)
45

?
30

45

?
)

2.

30

6
10
3.

ImWpI

30

)60

ew_Ins Npfhv

45

AB
AC = ?

4.

AB
BC = ?

AC
BC = ?

C
MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 69

)
30

2.

a
b =?;

a =?;
c

b =?;
c

b
a =?;

c
a =?;

c
b =?;

b
6. Hcp ka`pP{XntImWns DXn 40 sk.an.Bbm AXns ]cfhv ImWpI
(kqN\ : hiw Ip]nSnv x hiw x 40 ImWpI)
7. Hcp kaNXpcns hnIWns \ofw 10 sk.an. Bbm AXns ]cfhv ImWpI.
(kqN\ : hiw Ip]nSnpw ]cfhv ImWmatm)
8. Hcp ka`pPkmamcoIns hiw 10 sk.an. Dw Hcp tIm 600 Dw Bbm AXns ]c
fhv ImWpI.
(kqN\ : DXn Ip]nSnpw hnIWw Ip]nSnpw sNmw
9. Hcp kamcoIns kao]hi 6 sk.an., 8 sk.an. Hcp tIm 1500 Bbm AXns
]cfhv ImWpI.
(kqN\ : 150 t\mSv ASp tIm 300 BIpatm)
10. 10 sk.an. hymkap Hcp hrn ioj hchn[w 300 tImWp Hcp a{Xn
tImWw hcncnpp. AXns av hi IWmpI.
11. 10 sk.an. hymkap Hcp hrmIrXnbmb ISemkn \npw Ghpw henb kaNXpcw
apdnsSpm _mn `mKns ]cfhv Fv ?
12. 10 sk.an.hymkap Hcp hrmIrXnbmb ISemkn \npw Ghpw henb ka`pP{Xn
tImWw apdnsSpm _mn `mKn ]cfhv Fv ?
Sine, Cosine Fnh
450, 45, 900 tImWpIfp {XntImWnepw 300, 60, 900 tImWpIfp {XntImWnepw

hifpsS Awi_w Xncndntm. Fn av tImWfhp {XntImWnepw tImWp

I Adnm hifpsS Awi_w Fs\ ImWmw ?
400, 50, 900 tImWpIfp Hcp Xcw {XntImWn \nv XpSmw. Xmsg sImSp

{]h\w \nconpI.
{]h\w
400, 50, 900 tImWpIfp cv {XntImW Hcp Nmn {]ZinnpI
y

40

) 40

70 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

cv {XntImWnepw hifpsS Awi_w XpeyamWtm.

a : b : c = x : y : z Asn
a
x =

b
y

c
z

CXn \nv

a
c =

x
z

Fv Inpatm

ChnsS a bpw c bpw BZys {XntImWnsbpw x Dw z Dw cmas {XntImW

nsbpw hifmWtm.
Atm Hcp {XntImWns Xs cphi Xnep Awi_w at {XntIm
Wns AtX m\p hi Xnep Awi_n\v XpeyamWv.

a, x
c
z

40 (

y
x
z

40 (

tIm 40 s FXn hiw

tIm 40 s kao] hiw

tIm 40 s kao] hiw

ChnsS kam\amb hi Xncndnbm Hcp tImWns\ ASnm\amn t] \Imw.

DZmlcWn\v {XntImWnsse 400 tImWns\ ASnm\amn 'a' his FXnhisapw
'c' his IWsapw hnfnmw. Htc m\p hi Xncndnbm Hcp tImWns\
ASnm\amn hiv Xmsg Nn{Xn ImWp hn[w t] \Inbm Cu Awi
_w {]kvXmhnm Ffpamhpatm.

a
tIm 40 s FXn hiw

FXv cp {XntImWnembmepw
tIm 40 s kao] hiw
Iw

Atm ac , x

GXv {XntImWnepw

BIpp

BbXn\m tImWpIfp 400, 500, 900

tIm 40 s kao] hiw
Iw

Hcp nc kwJybmWv. AXmbXv Cu

{XntImWns tImWpI amdmsX hi F{X amdnbmepw FXnhins \ofhpw

FXnhiw
IWns \ofhpw amdpsanepw
amdpn.
Iw

400 tImWns\ ASnm\amn Cu a{XntImWnse

FXnhiw
F
Iw

nckwJysb 400 tImWns Sin Fv hnfnpp. CXns\ Npcpn Sin 40 = FXnhiw

Iw
FsgpXmw.
MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 71

Sin 40 s GItZi hne IpnI Nn{Xw hcv hi Afv lcnv ImWs.

40 Un{Kn tImWns FXnhihpw Ihpw Afv Cu nc kwJy ImWm Ipn

Isf klmbnpI. Xmsg ]nI D]tbmKnmw.
{XntImWw
1

400 tImWns
FXnhiw
6.42

FXnhiw
Iw

Iw
10

0.64

...........................

...................

......................

..............................

..................

......................

Xmsg sImSp {]h\hpw sNmw

Hcp {Km^v t]dn 10 sk.an. Bcn hrw hcv tI{n 400 tIm \nnp
I. Iw 10 sk.an. Bbn hcp a{XntImWw hcv FXnhins \ofw Isn ]n
Ibn FgpXmw. Bcw amn AtX tImWfhp a{XntImWn FXnhihpw IW
nsbpw \ofw Isn ]nI ]qcnnpI.
Hmtcm Lnepw FXnhis Iw sImv lcnp Inp kwJy GItZiw 0.64
Fv ImWpIbpw IpdpIqSn IrXyambn 0.6428 BsWv Isnbnpsv t_m[ysSp
pIbpw sNpI.

\ sin 40 0.6428 Fv t_mysSppI

40 Un{Kn tImWp GXv a{XntImWnepw
0.6428 XsbmWv.
Iw
tImWns Afhv amdptm Cu kwJybpw amdpw. AXn\m Cu kwJy tImWns Af
hns\ kqNnnpp. AXmbXv tImWns Afhns\ kqNnnpXmWv Sine hne
FXnhiw

Hcp tImWns sine hne Adnm B tImWns Afhv Ismw.

kao]hiw

CXpt]mse
F nc kwJy 400 tImWns\ ASnm\amn Is
Iw
pI. CXns\ cosine Fpw kwJy GItZiw 0.7660 BIpp Fv t_m[ysSpmatm.
AXn\m cos 40 0.7660 Fv IpnI a\knems.

sF.kn.Sn. D]tbmKnv tImWpIfpsS sin, cos hneI Ismw.

40, 50, 90 tImWfhp Cu {XntImWfn hifpsS Awi_w
sin 40 : cos 40 : 1 Asn
0.6428 : 0.7660 : 1 Fv ImWm IpnIsf {]m]vXcmWw. (500 tImWns\ ASnm

\amn Cu Awi_w Fs\ FgpXmw?)

72 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

10

6.428

0.6428
40

40
0.7660

7.660

90 - x
1

1
sin x

sin 40
40

cos x

cos 40

tImWpI x, 90 - x , 90 Atm hi Xnep _w

sin x : cos x : 1 BIpp

CtXmsSmw Bcy`Ss ssk ]nI {inpI. hymkmhp

ambn (APym) _sv ssk]nI BZyambn DmnbXv
Bcy`S\mWv
Sin A =

LAbpsS FXnhiw

Cos A =

Iw

LAbpsS kao] hiw

Iw

Fnh DdnpXn\pw ]qcItImWpIfpsS Sine, Cosine Ch Xnep _w a\n

empXn\pw Xmsg sImSpp {]iv\ N sNpI.
hn`mKw ]qcnnpI (Nn{Xw D]tbmKnv)
A )
b
c

1)
2)

Sin..................... = a
b

a
Cos...................... = b

B
,

Cos.......................... =

Sin...........................

c
b
c
b

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 73

3)

LA = 350 Bbm LC = ................

4)

LA = x0 Bbm LC = ................

6)

a
Sin.................... = b
c
Sin.................... = b

7)

Sin 350 =

Cos.............................

8)

Cos 350 =

Sin.............................

9)

Sin x0 = Cos x0 .......................

10)

Sin A = Cos B

5)

Cos..................

Cos..................

Cos x0 = sin.................

A + B ..........................

450, 300, 600 Fo tImWpIfpsS Sine, Cos hneI

)

45

30
a 2

2a

a 3

60
a

Nn{Xn \nv
sin 450, cos 300,sin 300
Fnh IspI

Cu hneI DdnpXn\v Xmsg sImSpp {]iv\ sNs

1)

sin2 30=.....................;

cos2 30 = .................

sin2 30+cos2 30 = ................

2)

sin2 60=.....................;

cos2 60 = .................

sin2 60+cos2 60 = ................

3)

sin2 45=.....................;

cos2 45 = .................

sin2 45+cos2 45 = ................

GXv tImWnsbpw sin2 hnebpw Cos2 hnebpw Iqnbm Htc kwJy Inptam ?
t]Pv 83 se side box N sNpI
sin2 A + Cos2 A = 1 Fv t_mysSppI
Hcp a{XntImWns Ihpw \yq\tImWpw D]tbmKnv sin, cos FnhbpsS klm
btmsS av hifpsS \ofw ImWm Ignbpw. sSIvv _pnep {]h\ sNm
atm. t]Pv \ 82 AtXmsSmw Xmsg sImSpp {]iv\ sNpI.
1)

Iw 10 sk.an. Hcp tIm 500 Fn B a{XntImWns ap hi ImWpI

74 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

2)

50
10

Ins \ofsav ?

sin 20 = 0.3420, cos 20 = 0.9397

3)

Ch D]tbmKnv ap cv hi
ImWpI

10

70

A
4

4)

5)

AD bpsS \ofw ImWpI

10

)50

Cu {XntImWns ]cfhv ImWpI

35

10

5)

Cu {XntImWns ]cfhv ImWpI

145

10

8
35
10

kqN\ ;

145
10

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 75

Sine hnebpw ]cnhr hymkhpw

t]Pv \ 83 se {]h\w sNpI. AtXmsSmw Xmsg sImSpp {]h\

sNpatm.
Cu {XntImWns ]cnhrns hymkw ImWpI

1)

50

(kqN\ : 500 tImWp a{XntImWw hcbvpI)

10

130

2)

Cu {XntImWns hymkw F{X ?

10

(kqN\ : 500 tImWp a{XntImWw hcbvpI)

hrn atIm, \yq\tIm, _rlXvtIm Fnh hcbvptm

tImWns A tbmPnnp Rm tI{hpambn Fs\ _s
Spp Fv hyamWw.
GXv {XntImWnsbpw Hcp tImWpw FXnhins \ofhpw
Xm ]cnhrns hymkw ImWm Ignbptam ? Fs\ ? tImWns
Afhv 900, 90 Ipdhv, 90 IqSpX Fnh BIptm FsmamWv am
Fnh N sNpatm.
Ccw {]h\fneqsS Hcp {XntImWns Hcp tImWpw
AXns FXnhihpw \nbnsm {XntImWns ]cnhrw \n
bnsp Fv t_m[ysSpWw.

3.

Hcp {XntImWns cp hi 7 sk.aodpw 8 sk.aodpw BWv. AhbpsS CSbn

ep tIm 400. {XntImWns aqmas hins \ofw F{X ?

4.

tad {XntImWnse tIm 1400 Bbm aqmas hiw F{X ?

5.

Hcp {XntImWns cp hi 10 sk.an., 20 sk.an.AhbvnSbnep tIm 800

Dw Bbm {XntImWns ]cfhv ImWpI. 800 tImWn\v ]Icw 1000 tIm Bbm
]cfhv ImWpI

6.

40 tImWp Hcp {XntImWns ioj 10 sk.an. hymkap Hcp hrnem

76 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

Wv. Fn 400 tImWns FXnhiw F{X ?

7.

500 tImWp Hcp {XntImWns FXnhiw 10 sk.an. AXns ]cfhv Ghpw

IqSpXv av cv hifpsS \ofw F{X hoXw BIptmgmWv.

tan F Bibw
A

Iw ImWm FpsNWw ?
Sine, Cos ChbnteXmWv D]tbmKntXv.

50

10

Cos 50 s hne D]tbmKnv IWw ImWmatm

Fm aqmas hiw ImWm sin Dw cos Dw t\cnv D]tbmKnm km[yasv Xncndn

bs.
500 tImWns FXnhis kao]hiw sImv lcnm Inp kwJybpw GXv
hepnep a{XntImWnepw ncambncnpatm. Cu hnebpw ]nIsSpnbnp
sv t_mysSppatm. Cu hnebmWv tangent FdnbsSpXv. CXv Npcpn tan
FsgpXpp. tan 50 = 1.1918 Fv ]nbn ImWpp.
AXn\m

tan 50 AB
10

Fpw

AB = 10 x tan 50 = 11.918 Fpw Inpatm.

tan 30, tan 60, tan 45 FnhbpsS hneI 30, 60, 90 ; 45, 45, 90 tImWpIfp a{Xn
tImWw D]tbmKnp ImWm\p {]h\w \IpI.
hneI D]tbmKnv Xmsg ]dbp {]iv\ sNs.
sSIvnse t]Pv \ 87, 88, 89 se {]h\w

AIew , Dbcw
IogvtIm
)

tatIm

tatIm, IogvtIm
Fnh t_m[ysSppI

sSIvnse t]Pv \ 91,92, 93 se {]iv\ N sNbvXv AIesbpw Dbctbpw

IWmm IpnIsf {]m]vXcmpI.
(Ipdnv : cv {XntImW DsSp {]iv\fn s]mXphitam Xpeyhitam Dsn
B hiw cp {XntImWfn \npw {]tXyIw Ip ]nSnv XpeyXsSpn {]iv\ ]cn
lmcw ImWpI)
MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 77

AtXmSmsw Xmsg ImWp {]iv\ N sNpI

1.

Ips\ \np Shdns A{K`mKw Shdns Nphn \nv 4 ao. AIen \npw
9 ao AIen \npw t\mpp. ta tImWpI cpw ]qcI tImWpIfmsW
n Shdns Dbcw ImWpI.
kqN\ :

A + B = 90

\ LQPR = A

P
)

PQR tan A = h
4

B(

2.

PQS tan A = 4

CXn \npw h ImWmatm

Shdns\ t\mpXv Shdns Ccphifn \npamsWn

Shdns Dbcw amdptam ?
P

h
)B

ChnsS LRPS F{X ?

h F{X ?
S

Ccw {]iv\n AIew a, b Bbm Shdns Dbcw

(tatImWpI ]qcIfmbm) a. b Bbncnpw
3.

Hcp t]mns A{K`mKw Nphn \nv 3 ao, 27 ao Fo AIen \nv

t\mptm tatImWpI ]ckv]cw ]qcI tImWpI Bbm
t]mns Dbcw F{X ?

4.
10 ao Dbcap Hcp Shdns A{K`mKw Nphn \nv hyXykvX m\v \nv
t\mptm tatImWpI ]ckv]c ]qcIambn hcpp. Cu cp m\ Xnep
h AIew 20 ao Bbm ta tImWpIfpsS Afhv Fv ? AIefpw ImWpI
3

kqN\ :

)
x
10

) 90 - x

20
3

10 = 20 + a
3
b
10

)x

\3 a2 + 20 a _ 1003 - 0
\ a=

\ x = 602

10
3

78 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

5.
Hcp \ZoXocv Hcp acapv. adpIcbnep 60 ao. Dbcap Hcp sInSn \nv ac
ns A{Kw 300 ta tImWn ImWpp. CtX ev \nv acns shnep
{]Xn_nw_ns Aw 600 IogvtImWn ImWpp. Fn \ZnbpsS hoXn F{X ? acns
Dbcw F{X ?
kqN\ :
)

60

30

60

tan 60
tan 30

60

120 + x
x

60 + x

6.
\ncmb ev \nv 3000 3 ao Dbcn \nnX thKn ]dpp. Hcp
ev \nv hnam\s 600 tatImWnepw 30 skn\v tijw AtX ev \nv 300
tatImWnepw ImWpp. Fn hnam\ns thKX F{X?
B
A

kqN\ :
AC = 3000 3
A,B Ch hnam\ns
m\

60
30
C

7.

E
t{Xw

]mX

) 30

Xd

Nn{Xn ImWphn[w t{Xntev Hcp t\]mXbpv. ]mXbn XpSw apX

t{Xw hsc 10 ao CShnv 40 hnfv ImepI m]nnpv. Fn ]mXbpsS \ofw F{X?
Xd \ncn \nv F{X DbcnemWv t{Xw.
8.
Hcphiw 10 sk.an.BI hn[n 300 tImWfhv hcp Hcp skv kvIzbdns
amXrIbn {XntImWw hcm F{Xhn[n {XntImWw Inpw. Hmtcmnepw av hi
fpsS \of AfmsX Ip]nSnpI
MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 79

tan hne Dbctbpw AIetbpw ASnm\amnbXmWtm. Dbchpw AI

ehpw amdptmgmWtm km[mcWbmbn hkvXphns Ncnhn\v amw hcpXv. AXn
\m Ncnhns AfhmbnmWv tan DmbXv . t]Pv \ 92 se sskUv t_mIvkv N
sNpatm

hifpw tImWpIfpw
GsXmcp {XntImWnsbpw hi Innbm AXns tImWpI \nbns
tm. hi a,b,c bpw FXnscbp tImWpI A,B,C bpw Bbm
c
a
b
sin A = sin B = sin C Fv ImWmatm

(sskUv t_mIvkv 90 N sNpI)

tImWpI ImWm
Fpw Cos B =

Cos A =

b2 + c 2 _ a 2
2 bc

a2 + c 2 _ b 2
Fpw Cos C=
2 ac

a2 + b2 _ c 2
Fpw
2 ab

ImWmatm (sskUv t_mIvkv 91 ImWpI)

70

60

50(

Fn x F{X ?

y F{X ?

10
x =

10. sin 60
sin 70

y =

10. sin 50
sin 70

80 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

aqey\nWb {]iv\
1.

Nn{Xw \nconv
Sin 70, Cos 70
Fnhbn heptXXv Fv Fgp XpI.
ImcWsav ?
70 (
20 (

2.
x

Cu {XntImWns x Fv
ASbmfsSpnb hins
\ofw ImWpI

10

x
300

3.

Cu {XntImWns x Fv
ASbmfsSpnb hins
\ofw ImWpI

10

x
4.

670 tImWns kao]hins \ofw

ImWpI

10

670 (

A
x
C

5.

AB bpsS \ofw ImWpI

40

60

50

D
MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 81

6.

PQR PQ = PR =1O cm LQ = 40 0 Bbm P bn IqSnbp DXn ImWpI.

{XntImWns ]cfhv ImWpI
?

7.
5

130

20 (
?

kqN\ :
a
sin A

c
b
= sin B = sin A

D]tbmKnpI
or B bn \nv AC bnte p
ew_w hcbvpI

8.
\ncmb XdbnepXpw Htc DbcapXpamb cv sshZypXn t]mpInSbn Hn
\nv 4 ao AIen \np Hcm B t]mdns\ 580 tatmWnepw at t]mns\
220 tatmWnepw honpp. t]mpI Xnep AIesav ?
9.
kqcy 480 ta tImWn ImWsSptm Hcp acns \ngen\v 18 ao \ofapv.
Fn B acns Dbcsa{Xbmbncnpw ?
10.
]WnXpsImncnp Hcp tKm]pcns apI`mKw 1.5 ao Dbcap Hcm 300 ta
tImWn Ip. 10 ao IqSn Dbn tKm]pcw ]WnXotm Abm AtX ev
\nv 600 ta tImWnemWv AXns A{Kw IXv. tKm]pcns BsI Dbcw F{X ?

82 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

UNIT TEST
1.

B (

PQR LP = 90,
av tImWpIfpsS Afhv A,B FnhbmWv

A
R

Sin A =
hn`mKw ]qcnnpI

................ , Cos A = PR , tan A = ...............

QR
QR

................ , Cos B = ..............., tan B = ...............

Sin B = ...................
..........

2.
?

20

a{XntImWns ap cp hifpsS \ofw ImWpI

70

3.

(
5.

A bn \nv B bntev t\mptm

tatm GXv ?
B bn \nv A bntev t\mptm
Iogvtm GXv ?

4.

Sin A = 5

Bbm Cos A, tan A FnhbpsS hne ImWpI

12

x (

13

Sin x, Cos x, tan x,

FnhbpsS hne ImWpI

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 83

7.

Hcp {XntImWns cp hi 12 sk.an., 16 sk.an. Fnhbpw AhbvnSbnep

tIm 800 bpambm {XntImWns ]cfhv ImWpI
Cos A = 5 ,
4

Sin A =

5 ,
3

Cot A

3 ,
4

Fn

Sin A, Cos A, tan A FgpXpI

8.

10 sk.an. hiap Hcp ka`pP kmamcoIns Hcp tIm 1200 Bbm hnIW
fpsS \ofw ImWpI
)

9.

120

12

)45

BC bpsS \ofw ImWpI

10. Hcp Ipn \npw AIse \np Hcm AXns apIfw 310 ta tImWn ImWp
p. 20 ao Ipns ASptv \Sv AhnsS \nv t\mnbtm Ipns apIfw
350 tatmWn ImWpp. Cu hkvXpXsb kqNnnp GItZiw Nn{Xw hcbvp
I. Ipns Dbcw IWmpI.
10. Hcp {XntImWns tIm 700 Dw AXns FXnhiw 40 sk.an. Dw Bbm {XntImW
ns ]cnhrns hymkw ImWpI

84 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

A\p_w I

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 85

A\p_w II

86 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

A\p_w III

A\p_w IV
Angle (Degree, Minutes)
03 0
45'

Sine Aryabhatan
0.06545

Modern Sine
0.0654

07 0

30'

0.1306

0.1305

11

15'

0.1952

0.1951

15 0

00'

0.2589

0.2588

18

45'

0.3215

0.3227

22 0

30'

0.3824

0.3827

26 0

15'

0.4421

0.4423

30

00'

0.5000

0.5000

37 0

30'

0.6087

0.6088

41 0

15'

0.6595

0.6594

45

00'

0.7071

0.7071

48 0

45'

0.7519

0.7519

52

30'

0.7933

0.7934

56 0

15'

0.8316

0.8315

60 0

00'

0.8664

0.8666

63

45'

0.8973

0.8969

67 0

50'

0.9243

0.9239

71 0

15'

0.9471

0.9469

75

00'

0.9658

0.9659

78 0

45'

0.9819

0.9818

82

30'

0.9915

0.9914

86 0

15'

0.9980

0.9979

90 0

00'

1.0000

1.0000

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 87

Hcp Ncn{Xw
`mcXob hrs 4 ]mZfmbpw (Hcp ]mZw = 900) Hcp ]mZs 3 cminIfmbpw
(Hcp cmin= 300) Hcp cminsb 30 Awifmbpw (Hcp Awiw = 10) Hcp Awis 60 IeI
fmbpw (Hcp Ie 1 an\pv) Hcp Iesb 60 hnIeIfmbpw (Hcp hnIe= 1 sk v) `mKnp.
Bcy`S R =

3438an\pv Asn 51 Fv Isnbnpv.

360 x 60
c
= 2x3.1416
2p

hr ]cn[nsb 21600 Xpey`mKfmbn `mKnpIbpw Bchpw Nm]\ofhpw Xpeyam

bm tI{tIm 3438 an\pv Asn GItZiw 570 FXmWv Hcp tdUnb

Rm ]nIbpw a{XntImWhihpw
sSIvv t]Pv \ 79 se sskUv t_mIvkv N sNpI
a{XntImWns hiw ImWm ]cnhrns RmWmbn his ampIbmWv
ChnsS sNbvXXv.
400 tImWns FXnhiw ImWm 800 tImWns Nm]nep RmWns \of ambn

ampp. Bcw 1 bqWnv Bb hrn tI{tIm 80 Un{Kn hcptmgp Nm]nep

RmWns \ofw ]nIbn \nv Isn AXns\ 4 sImv KpWnv FXnhiw ImWpp.
]noSv aqmas hiw ImWpXn\v ss]XtKmdkv XXzw D]tbmKnpp. Ccw Nbn
eqsS apImefnep KWnXns hfbpw Ncn{Xt_m[hpw IpnIfn DmpXv
\mbncnpw.

tImWfhpw Nm]\o fhpw

t]Pv \ 75,76, 77 se sskUv t_mIvkv ChnsS N sNs
45 Un{Kn

360 s 1 `mKw

45 Un{Kn tImWns Nm]\ofw hrNpfhns 1 `mKw

\ 60 Un{Kn = 360 s 61 `mKw

60 Un{Kn tImWns Nm]\ofw = hrNpfhns 6 `mKw hrNpfhns

Fn tImWns Afhv = 360 s 4

Nm]\ofw tImWns Afhmbn FSpmhpXmWv

`mKamWv Nm]\ofw,

\tImWns Afhv

Nm]\ofw
hrns Npfhv

`mKw 360 x 14 = 90 Un{Kn

x 360 Un{Kn

\ofw
Htc tImWn\v hrns hepw amdnbmepw hrNm]
ns Npfhv

Hcp nc kwJybmWtm

2 pr

1
4

FXv

nc kwJy

2 pr x 360 = tImWns Un{Kn Afhv

88 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

S
r

S
r

S
r

x 360 =
2p

x 180

Htc tImWn\v s Dw r Dw amdpsanepw Sr amdpn

S
r se hne amdpXv tImWns Afhv amdptmgmWv
S
AXn\m r Xs tImWfm D]tbmKnmw.

Cu Afhv Un{Knbne. CXns\ tdUnb Afhv Fpw

tdUnb Afhns\ 180 sImv KpWnm tImWfhv Un{Knbn Inpsav XncndnbpI.

p
sF.kn.Sn. D]tbmKnv S nckwJysbv Ismw.
r

t]Pv 78 sskUvt_mIvkv

tImWfhv RmWneqsS
Nm]neqsS Afmhp tImWns\ B Nm]ns RmWns \ofneqsS Afm
sav ImWpIbmWv ChnsS. AXn\\pkcn ]nI \nnXmbpw apap Imcy Ipn
Isf Ncn{Xmt\zjWntev \bnpXmWv.
t]Pv 89 se sskUvt_mIvkv Nbvv hnt[bampI
a =
Sin A

b =
c =d
Sin b
Sin C

Fv t_m[yamIpw.

A,B,C Ch 900 Bbmepw \yq\tIm Bbmepw _rlXvtIm Bbmepw icnbmsWv

ImWpatm
Cu XXzw D]tbmKnv Xmsg sImSp {]iv\ sNbvXpt\mpI
Hcp {XntImWns Hcp tIm 1200 Bbpw FXnhiw 10 sk.an. Bbm
]cnhrns hymkw F{X ?

1.

cv hifpw DtmWpw aqmas his \nWbnpp.

A
8

h = 8 x sin 40

BD = 8 x cos 40
DC = 6 _ BD = 6 _ 8 cos 40

h
6

AC2 = h2 +DC2 = 82xsin240+(6 _ 8cos40)2

= 82sin240+62+82+82cos240 _ 2x6x8cos40

= 82(sin240+cos240)+62_2x6x8cos40
_
=82+62 2x6x8cos40
=64+36_96cos40
=100 _ 96cos40
=100 _ 96x0.7660

_
=100 73.5360 = 26.4640
MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 89

t]Pv \ 86, 87 N sNbvXm

s]mXp kq{XhmIyw ImWphm Ignbpp
tImWns Afhv _rlXv tIm Bbmepw Cu _w
a2 = b2 + c2 _ 2bcosA Fv Inpatm
cos 90 = O, cos (180_A) = -Cos A Fv ImWmw.

a {Xn tIm Ww, \yq \ {Xn tIm Ww, _rlXv { XntImWw

Fnhbn hi Xnep _w Xmsg ImWphn[w
hniZoIcnpXv t\mpI. ta ]d hifpsS _
hpambn XmcXayw sNpI.
*
{XntImWns aqv hi Xm AXv a{XntImWamtWm Fv ]cntim[nm
km[npatm. Fm AXv \yq\{XntImWamtWm, _rlXv {XntImWamtWm Fs\
Ipw ?
ABC LA, LB, LC ,Fnhbvv FXnscbp his bYm{Iaw a,b,c Fns\
kqNnnpp.
Hcp tIm LC _rlXvtIm Fncns
A

APC bn \nv
h2 = b2 _ x2

x
C

a{XntImWw APB bn \nv

c2

(a+x)2 + h2

a2+x2+2ax+b2_x2

a2+b2+2ax

c 2 > a 2 + b2

90 ...............................................................................................................................MUKULAM MATHS

aqv tImWpIfpw \yq\tIm Bbm

hifntev FXniojn \nv
hcbvp ew_w {XntImWn\ImWtm
A

b
h

a
a

ABP h2 = c2 _ (a_x)2
APC b2 = h2 +x2 = c2 _ (a_x)2 +x2
\ c2 = a2 +b2 _ 2ax
\ c2 < a2 +b2 t]mse a2 <b2 + c2, b2 < a2+c2

\ cv hifpsS hKfpsS XpI aqmas hin\v Xpeyambm AXv Hcp a

{XntImWw. hepXmbm B hin\v FXnsc B tIm _rlXvtIm, sNdpXmbm AXv
\yq\tIm.

MUKULAM MATHS................................................................................................................................. 91