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b t , s s e s r o n c i c s , c c i t t t u r c d c s , r r t n a i l l c s .s , r l r . , t s .l . c t t o t r t t l c ( i i / / t ' r t r c . t c 'l'ottt t o t t t t t t t 'A r l t ' q u t r t , l t t t t t o t t t l t 't l c t l r t i i t r c l r r s s i r f c c ( ' t l c a p l ) : r r t c r r ; l t l c;c ( i t / / t ' t'st ittLt <lc l:t' <"ttrrrtL'tlt,t I'rt,rrot, Itaillassc, l'rtli<ltincllt, tlotrc I t 'l l ' a r t t , t l c s l r . r r l r l c r l t t r . t t l t c s . ( l c s t c x t c s t l t t i p r , t t v c r t t l . r p o p t r l . r r i t i ' ( l r rl ) ( ' l s ( r l ) ll cxistc tl"ri)lcLrrs, frarrg:.tic st bclqcs : ctl lll5l' lll:rltrlctlvsisrr.rle r r : r g cc l a n s l e s c a r t t a r ' , r l s c,t c . c l c s G r / / e s , i c o t r l t l c s P i e r r o t s , t l c s [ ) a i l l a s s c s ,t l c s , 4 r l c ' r T r r i r r s i \ l a i s c c t t e x p p l r t e n a n c c t h e ; i t r a l c n ' e x p l i < 1 u cP a s t ( ) u t . R c s t c n t i cis t l c s i e r r . l a lcs usaqcs, I'itat d'csprit si'rrcrrr ct digrrc <1r.r i,lr.rciclcr i c tloivcnt ricrr i cc tttontlc dc l:r(-orli'tlic it,r c l r r n s c ,l c s a c c c s s o i r c s< 1 t rn licrrnc. Seules. lcs cotrtl-lrlisotts avtc tl'.rutrts tvPes et tl'atttres c,rtttuntcs cllr()ltccnncs peLlvent notrs iclaircr. l)cs carnavlls ttous olfrettt c'trtrl'llestlttcs;ltl clrlltl'111 cnc()rc, crr cf{ct, tle curieux pcrsolttte!.cs 1'1r. n t ( <d c f l c u r s o u t l c p l t t t t t c s , c l e t r t i r o i r s , c l c b i i o t r r c t f 6 i s r . r r ( ) r . r u l t e n t i l(l ) rlc verrotcrics dit'crses. Qrrcltlues-trtrs tl'ctttre ctrs tlansetlt Ill:1s(ltltis' , r f f r a n t p a i r r c t f r l i t s ( , c s p : r r c t t t e ; Isl c s ( ) l ) t rgitept s6nneillcs et r:lnt()t1t t r o p n o t n b r c t l \ c s e t c ( r l t c c r l t c n tt l c s P c r s ( ) t l l l , l q c s s < r r r : e l l e s f ( ) r t r r i t c s !rXS t r t r p c l l o i g t r d s .U n c s c u l c c x p l i c a t i o l l P i l r a i t l ( ) g i q u e : ( ) t l s ( ) n q cr t r r l t l\ t t r c t r l r i \ \ i l l r c ' c l ' t t t r I c r s t r t t t t ' 1 t l (t l l l \ ( l t t ( : ' vivettcc, extri'tnetrt ittti'rcss:rtrtc ( l : r n s c L t rr i t t r t ' 1 , s r t r t r c l c l t r 0 t r c t l t r r c r r r , , . t t e a t r(.- c t t c h r ' p o t l t i ' s c l o n r l t c < 1 r . r 's i lc r : r i t b i c n t l i f f i c i l c c l c r c i c t c r n ( ) u \ r c p ( ) r r ( ' strr rles corrrp.rrrist,rrs trc:slretrt cleps lc tel)tp\. A ccttc lointlint i'poqtrc, lc carrrlvll g.rrtlc (lcints tlt' tttrtc t l c ( ) r c q u c l t l t r c c l t t t s c t l c s ; 1t l ' l t u r c r e l i g i e t l s cl ' r i r l r i t i v c r'oflrcrtt Ie plirr ct tn.rstltti's n.rillcset brarrtlisslrrtlc Il.rlai. lcs tl,rtrscrrr. I t . r i r r r i t s i n t i i q i ' n c s . P r r t i t l t t : r r r t t t n c t l r c ' t t t t t t t i ; i' t l s i g l r i l i c e t i r t t rt l t r q i r l t t c . l( 5) t r c( r ' r / / r ' s r t ttt,tt C c ' l , r n t i . , , r i g i n c l t ' \ t ( ' s s ( ' t l t i c: l, t l t t t ' i t t l , t g i t t t ' P .l1 lcs. l c s i l t l i s c l t r r l r l c s ; r p p6rrs.lcssii.e .lapscct scs u\:lgcs. A lrri s'aioutcnr l;rtrt-il lc r:rppclcr ? - cst crr pcrpcttrcl tlcvctrir. N'trc [-c lolklorc n t . r s q u cb i n c l t o i s s t r b i t I ' i n i ' t ' i t a b l e l o i t l c l e v i c c t s ( ' t r a l l s t ( ) r l l l c . l t lc ( ) t l r s tlcs lnnics. Au tiir-scptilltlc ou ilrr dis htriri..nrcsii.clc, la pr0pr.rlarirt: ip6qJc tl'trn typc thi'itril. (lillcs, influclcc lc trrycsti clc n6trt'lll:ls(ltrc 1 l()lll l " e . r l q t r i e t l r c r ' 0 t l c l i v r c i ee t c r r c t l i i i c l ' l b ' t r r c t t c ' l r ' l ie t l r P r . t l t c s ( ) 1 l ( ' t \ c \ [ ) ( ) s s c sb o u r r i ' c s t l e p e i l l c . [ . c r l i r - r r t ' t r v i i ' r r r cs i i ' c l c e r r r i c l r i t l c Lo\tut)tc. I'crnbelliss;rntclc tlclttcllcs. I't,rlt.tttt tlc liorts llcr,rltliqLrcs. r\lors rctrlcrrtent, le Gr//c lance iles ()rillqr\ ct coilfe le ttlticsttt.'t'x t i ' , t r r t r u c h e .A t t t c r t r r ct l c s o l t i v o l t t t i , r r r , i ) e c t l t r i c r t . l t . r p , , . r L t . t r rfx .irrnt.'S iffircrlt tlt' stttl Pr()t()t!Pc' car'rcti'rctlt' llt tlll c'll llti'rt :11)parcllll'!1ct t rs f r . 1 o 1 1 . '1 lr r.itlc ;l ct \('irlnL'rc l l t v t l t ( ' r lu (rr1l,lrre.r q u , ' l c i n ( . ( , ! . \ ( ) t i ( l r r c l)t .rtl\ \(ll\,l't'rr Dtr[,lrI r l' d l l . l \ ( ' l l i

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I)rrt.rrrt rle I'Antirluitti, lcs jcux carrrrvalesques b u l g a r e ss o n r e n r e p ptrrt rlircct evcc lc q:rgnc-p.rinfonclarrrcntac l lu peuplc d.rns le prsse, l ' . r r - r i t r r l t t r re t 't I ' i l c r . r q t . Ar cc scs pcrs()nn:1qcc slrolcnrentaffuble de nrasclues zoo(norpncs, \ f \ i l t t i ( l r r c s r i t c s p : r i c r r sc t s c c r r e s tle genre, les ritt's l . . sc o u t u m e s c a . "t l r . r r ' . r l c s t l u c s l r n b o l i s c n t I ' r l t r t t e . c l t r c I ' h o r n r r r ep o u r s t r i t p o u r a r . o i r l r s , l r ) t ( ' . t i e f c r t i l i t d c t l e c o n t i r r u i r c id u g c n r e h r - r l n a i n . Ir rdp.rrtition rlcs couturnes populaircs :lvec ries interprites s r r r l e t c r r i t o i r c d r r p a r . s n ( ) u s p c r n r L ' td c t l i v i s t - ra a , u . a g a r a n c()\tr-lnrcs t l c t t x q r , , r t 1 r c .l r r n t l l n r c t t t : t u x ' . h o u k e r i c ' t s i r u - a s k a r i .I ) e r l c u r c a r a c t i ' r e a c \ ( l f ' U \ q r ( ) r r p c s( l c c ( ) L t t u n t c s . r t c c r ' l c si n t e r p r i ' t e sc o s t u r n e s( k o u h c r i e r .rir.i',ls,f,rrif )( ) r n r c n t u n s t ' s t i ' r r r t ' r l c c o u t u n r e s u n i f i c e v e c r l e s t r : r i t s s l . r ' r ' iilr l t r c s [ t L r l q : r r c s . I ' . t , p o r r r t : r n t , c e s . l r r r r g r ( ) L l p c sd i i t e ' r e n r c s s e n t i c l l c r n c n tp a r I e u r
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I'r.rnc rlcs tornres tlcs c,rtrtrrrrrcc sarnavelesclucs ( l c s s i r z a s , a r le n Iirrlgilric ocei.lcntlle cr les slartzi tl.rns la rtlqion du Rhoclope er cn I l L r l q . r r i r ' t l r r t t r t l - t r t r c s t )( ' i t c r r r t p [ r ( ) r t : r v c c l : r N o r r v c l l c - a n n e i c ,I ' a t r t r c (lcs{'r,rr('t'r'rtr [r ]rrlqrrrit',lusrrt cl s r t ' r l c s s l , r r l z i r l r n s l r r r i ' u i o r r r l c s r c t l n . r ( i o r , r ) - . r v t ' c l c g r a r r t l ( , : r ri r r r c . I lr ritu.lient le prol.rgrtion dcs diffcircrrts llrasqrlcs carn:rvalesqucs, . lcs vi'tcnrcnts ritucls ct lctrrs :rccessoires ont cn repport clirectavec le tl1'r'cirri.perrrent r l c s c o u t u n r e s t i c s s t n , a s & r z r ic t t l e s k o s h e r i e t l e s c o n t _ l i tions tlt'icur pratiqrrc d,rns les tcrrcs Lrr-rlgarcs. L n [ ] t r l q . r r i eo c c i c l c n t e l e .l c c , r r n r v r l a l i c u : i l e v c i l l e t l u N o u v e l A n ( [ . c 1 i ' t c . l e s a i n t I ] a s i l e ) c t s c s p r ( ] t r { ( ) n i \ t c \ p ( ) r r c n r l c n o r n c l es i r u a s h a r i . I c s c , r t r t t r r r r c sc l t r g c r r r c t l c s s r r i ' , z s , t . r r t sorrt dc caracti'rc slave et crnt un btrt lrit'rr dilirri xpl)()rrcr la lertilitci ct le bien-itre clans I'elcvage, s,rurcc rlt't.rsnc pain cl.rrrs l c p . l s s etll e I : r p o p t r l : r t i o n t l e l . r B t r l q l r i c o c . ' i r . l c n t , r l t '(. l c b t r t k r i n t l i n c r i s r c c n c o r e t l e n o s j o u r s e t ( ) c c u p c l a p r e n r i i r e c t r l . r n si c s c l i r . c r s c s pertics ct dlciP l . t . c t l . r r t s l < ' st t r a s r l u c sz , r , , r r r , t r P h c s n r ( n l \ ( l r ' s r i ' t e r r t c r r t st ' t r l t ' s r l t ' c t , s s o i r c r si t t r e l s . Srrr l.r lr.rse r l t ' s t r : r i t r $ , p i . 1 u c sl c s p l r r s q i . n t i r l u x e t c l c sp a r t i c u l a r i t t i s s l . t e i l r t j L r c sr l ( ' s c ( ) u t u l n c s t l c s - s l r . r z s A , r r cio s t u r r r e ; l sd s c ( ) r r t u n t e s cante, r.rlt ttltrt's lorrrerrt un(' unitc ritrrcllclvcc trois gr()upcsforrtllrrrcntlux :

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' r ' , r i s s c s - r ' . r l i s(t.'ts l , l n t . l ' , 1 1 t r s , tt tl t r i ( ( ) r l l ( ' e t i ( ) n n ( ' l t s r.isitt's c t , t i e r r t l t ' s1 i ' t c s l ) ( ) u rt ( ) u t c \ l t ' st t t , t i s o n sr.\ L rr t t o r r c r r t l c I ' c r r t r t l c . t r r r b o l i q u e n r c n t , l r i r . r r i i q c , , r r n lccr I l . r r r c l r c r r. r , l . r i l l , tb o r r l k a l e i q l r . r i s rc s t l t t ' i l r r ' t r n t c r t . u ( ' r(rt t r . l n l . l \ \ . r i l(t ' s r t r r [ s r l e r r r i . l . . cuivr('\,lc I'crrtr s ' a p 1 . l i 1 1 x , 1 i r 'i ' r c , l I r , r rt r I c r l r c t i t t I)cntllrrt cc tr'r)r|\. lcs nr.rs,lrrcr c n i . u r t \ l v t f l e u r s d t r . t n g c s p l r v s i o n o n r i e s . : r n r u s , r i c r rl tc s a d t r l t c s c t . i l : r Ir firr..i.rrrs.ricn t . r r r n t l c t l e sA o r r A c r i . . I c b r a c l l n a r ( l c . i . r r i n i c r , , ) p r o if t c alcc rlc Ie lrrrinc ct tlu blt,, cr lc rle l',reclrion pour rcnrplir les lriss.rcs p . u i c r . r \ c i r l es r r u f r et t l u l . r r r l. sn r rt r l . r 1 . 1 . q . 1 l \ P r q ' 1] , r ' i s i t et l t t ( ) u t l c v i l l r t r l c s r t ' t , r s q L r . ' s . l . u r s c 1't,i 1 s ( ) l l t r L ' u n i \ l c s i i l l ' r q c r r i s .l l s t l i r t ' r t i s s r ' n t eestlcrrrir'rs lvcc tlt'sscencs jovettscs, tlt's rl.rnst's ( '1 r ')\I,r ( ) u s s . l n tt i t ' s t r i s r l c onqin,rlcs ct ttlPri1111'115 l s s i r u ( c n t . 1 ( ) n tt i l r t c r l c s s o n r r c t t c t t ' t l c s / . r / o / t k , r s t , 1 r r r ( ' . 1 ( r \l . t ', r r . r q i t . r n t l i l r r t ' t r t ' l r t 1 r ' \ l ) o n t ( t s t ' t p l s a l l r r s c t t l r , , i s r I t ' . s e c r r c sc ( ) n r r ( l u ( ' \s r n \ ( r ' n I ' r r r r c , r l r r r ' sl ' . r u t r e : t c n t : l t i v c s t l ' c r r l i ' r ' c r r c n t r f t l t l r , t u l k a , l . r l r e l r t . r t i o n s , . l t t r r n r i t t t t ' ti r r r i t . r r rt tl i t i t ' r ' c r r t n \ u r l r ' \ ( ) r i t l c . . l ' c r r l . r r r t ,p s r ( ) r ' l r ( r 1(l n \ r . l l ) p ( ) r l. t v t ' c ] c s t t t , t g i t ' s tlt' lcrtilit[. ctt. l. I .r.lctrricrrrc lc { s g c s t c tr i t t r r ' l s lics.rrr l ) . r r t i cd c l . r l i ' t c e o t t r P l l ' v 1t 1 l.rfrt,rrr c t i I ' e n r c n r t ' n e c n r r n t . I : l l c . r l i c u s t r r l t , l , r t r t t b t d ( l . rp l , r . c ) . o i r s o r r r r c u r r i r I c s p : 1 \s : 1 n \ . I . r l i g t r r e e c n t r . r l ( 'r ' s t l c l z r r r ( l c n r i ) . I t ' l r l t r s \ ( ) r . l v c n tl c s p : r v s l r t r e h o i s i s s c n t l ( \ t r t z i t t ' t u t l r c r l r n r t ,i t , r r r r c 1 .o r r r i r r t g c t ' s t p o L r t l r t it l t ' f r r r i r r r ' ; srrrl.r titc, l;l totrronnc t.st t ' t s Pj 1 j 1 1 1 . ' S t'cril|l.1tc'( ' . 1 ru l l c l . r r q c c c i n t r r r c l ( ) u q ( ' i \ r i l r , r l . t r i t r i l t t ' b r i l l c l t tt l c t P rrrrirl.tillcs c r r f c r b l . r l r c l s 0 n r l o s c \ t c ( ) u V c r t , l ) r ) r l r n c [ ) i t sp r c n ( l r ( ' l r ( ) ; ( 1 . t l ' t t r r t ; r 1 r i sl r l . u r c t ' n l i l r . [ . c l z d r t \ l , r r r r r f . l ' t r r r l t t n g p o r r t t ' t i l \ ' ( ' c u r ] e [ ' p . u s r t 'c o r t l . . ' , , , , a 1 , . ' c\ r r r ] c [ r r r r r t- . p ( ) u r ( ] u c c c l , r l : r s s cr r r e l l o l s q L r ' i l t r . t [ . 1 . r " ' .S , , n i t t t r r r r . r [ . ] (:' 1 c c r s \ ( r i r e e s t l c . . p l r . r l l u s ,e n b o i s . l ) r ' t t r . l c s k o r r k c r t \ ( ) n t . l t t c l [ \ . c ( ) l l l n r c L l t ' .b , r t r l s . t l . r n sl . r c h . r l rc t t c f'l []()t\ et lrttc'rtcrrt.r\'('c c l l c . s r r r l , r P l . r e t ' ,l , : t z a r . I ) r c s r l t r t ' t o r r j o t r r rl c l 7 i l r ( ' \ t . r c ( ( ) n r l ) . 1 g l rta l ' v i t ' I z , t tt ! z , r ( r I r i l t ' ) . ( . ) r r t ' l r l r r t ' s - t u( r ls( \ n r e s ( l r . r cs j , ' r r , ; .l t l r o r r l k at l t . r n t. r s s i s r . \ ' . r u t ' l l t ' n r, r L r r r r r l . r e l r . r r r . r rc cl. c o r l l l r ( ' r l c c r r t , L r r l r o t r r t rl c . . i l l , r n s . [ ) c t r i i . r c l . r . l r , r r r r r . ' l t t . l r r ' l r r ' \ ( ) l ( ' r l l c l l t l ) ) ( ' r )ttz lc , t r ( ] u i r ( l ) , l r r (J l ( ' \\ ( n ) ( n ( - c \ ( l r o r l r ' n t . r c i g l c . .troint'l P o t t r . r v o i t t l t ' b o r u r t ' r r i ' r o l t c r t ' t i l c b o n s \ r ' n r c u r \t t L r l r o t r rtrrrs. 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l . c s c o u r r r n r c s t l c s A o r r A c r r [ r c u \c r . l t t r t r c i t u d i i c s d e n r a n i ! r c p l u s t l c s t l r l s ( l t l r ' s .t l c s r ' 0 t c r t t c r t t s corrrl.litc.ttrssi P:rr I't'ttttlc svstt:nt.ttitltrc r i t u e l s , b i c n q L r cl r r i s r i t r r c l s , l e s i r r t c r p r i ' t c s c ( ) s t u n ) c sr t t l e s . t c e c s s o i r e s tnilne tlu phcno\ t ' P . r 1 q : 1 1 1 g.1 rt 1 r1 c. t r n . l cc c s i ' l t ' r r c r r t sl t ' c x p r i t l e I ' c s s c l t c c
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rli'nc. p:rr I ) . t n s t r r r ec e r t r r i r r cn l ( ' \ r r r ( ' ,( c s ( ( ) u t u n ) c s [ ) c u v c n t i t r c i l l u s t r c ' e s l . t P r o P . 1 q , 1 i 1 vc nt l . l s v s t r i n r . r t i s . r t i otrltc s e t t t i t l u e ss P i ' c i t t t c t r tsl c t n l s t l u e s . : ei l s s o n t l . ' l r r r b i l l c r n c n t r i t u c l c s t u t r c c h o s c : 1 s s c zL - \ t r i 1 ( ) r ( l i n a i r t c r r r r s i p r t ' i r : r r e r , i I ' i n s t r r l c s a u t r c s v i l l . r g e t r i s ,l c t r r s r ' 0 t c n r c n t s t i e h o r t k c r i , l c s g o z g / a s ( r n e s q u c s ) , h l o p k a s c t o r n e r n c n t s . I ) l t r s i c u r st r t o i s : r \ ' . r r t l . r f i ' t c i l s c h a s s c n t l c r c t r r r c l , c l e s l o r . t p s ,c l c s l i i ' r ' r c s c t t l c s s a r r g l i e r s ( ) L rt u c n t c x F r c s s i n r c n t d e s b r r f f l c s , t l e s c h i v r c s o u c l c sn r o u t o n s p o u r c o r r f c c t i o r r n c r r l c l c u r s p e e u x r l c s v e t e r - n c n t sc t c l c s r l r s q u c s c f f r a v a n t s , c1',rl c' , , n l r o r l r l r c l e p l u s s t r t r t c n t g o t r g / r r s .H : r b i t u c l l c n r e n t , i l s p r i ' f i r c n t l . , r r r r l e , . t r s r ' 0 t c t n c n t s o t t g o r l , g / a sl c s p c a t t x t l c s c h c \ r i r c sn o i r e s . l cs rr.rstlues .lcs AorrAcri rcpriscntclrt t1'titrrnges cffigics anirnrles ,trc I'on rcrlcorttrclc plus sott. t . c c , l es c , r r r t c sr - i cb t t t r f . [ - c s r r r i l s ( l t l e sq v t ' l r t . c c s ( ) n t c c u \ r c p r i ' s c t r t : r n tt l c s I t t t u f s , r l r o t l t o t l s o u l r o u c s . r i c l t c r r t ' r r t o r r r i ' s t l c c r i n i i ' r c s c h c . l l i n . ' s c t t l c c r 0 t c s c l c e, t . t . [ . c n c z c s t f o r t t t c t t l t t r [ r i ' . l c c l ] e l t a s s co t t d ' u n p i t t r c n t r o t t g c l c 1 r l r r .s o r r v c n t r l ' u n r n r r r c e : r tc l c p ; r s s i , p a r t l e s c l c n t sc o t l s t r e s et taillelcs r c c . l , r l r , , r r c h ei ' t a n t o r n c t ' . t l : r r r s c t r c i l l i c st l r n s t t t r i e r d i n d c i c u n c ' f i l l c lc ctrLtrqc. t ' n l r t , i s , , u , l c s c r t ' t c t t c cts

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l)cndrnt lcs20-10 anncics lcs rlr.ls(lues rnirn;ruxftrrcnt rgrnl.lxccis p;.11dcs gorg/as confcctionnics cn s:lcsclcchcr':rl tisstis cn poils tlc chi'r.rcou c()usus c t r i c h e m c n to r n i s d c p l u n r e s t l ' o i s c r u xc t c l cr u b ; r r r r sl c d i l f c r c r r t c s c o u l c u r s . I - e s" c o r n c s d c b t r u f " o r i q i n a u xl r r r c n t r c n r p l a c i .p sx 1 l l c s . C o r n c s " f o r m 6 sc l eb i t o n s d e c o r n o u i l l c r ,l o n q sj u s q u ' i l - 5 0 c n i ( - re n v c o u t l c 1 r t , : rrt lrc c h i v r c . I o p p i ' s l v c c d c s [ . l a n r l crs l c t < l i l c[ r l a n c h c l ) u p o i n t c l c v u c t l c l l c o n r r r i s s i r r c c r l r n ( ) g r l p h i q t r ct,l ' u r r c r r i ' s ( g o u g L z si) grandc inrportlncc sont l('s rnxsqucs rnirlnt lc btr:uf rrtrlc 'l'hrlcc bouc. cn rxpport lvcc lcs c()utunrcs tri's ri'penclucs crr du srrcl-csr.

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[ ) c p t r i s l 9 ( r 9 . o n i l c o n ] r ' n c n c i t l c s r e c h c r c l r c sc l l n s l : r S c a n d i n : r r . r e [ ) ( ) r l r t r ( ) u v c r c t e x p l o r c r l c s r l er n i i ' r c s t r r r l i t i o n s v i v x r ] t e sc l c l l r l a s c a r l r ' l c t l c N t , i : 1 . ( . c t t c t i t u r l e t l i ' l t t o n t r c r r q u ' i l v c n : l e n c ( ) r o e t r t r c p a 1 1 .! . s ! u 1 t l c c c p c t i t t o t r r t l ' h o r i z t , r r s u r l , r l r ) ; t s c e r e ( lc s t c l ' c x p o s c rl g s r c c h c r c l t c s t l t i ' , t r i t l t r c s t l t r i t l n t i ' t i ' r r r c n c ' c s\ r r r ( u l l l ( ) L r v c : t r tr crr,tin tlc trav:ril. l . t r c c h c r . ' l r c t h i ' o r i t l r r c . r L ' t i ' ( ' r r t r c p r i s e* u i t c i u n p r o q r l n r r n e t l c trilvrlil c()nlucrrcc; plr lcs:rrchivcs dtr Irolklorr'[)anois. L-l traclitiorr c t r r t l i t i ei ' t ; r i t l e n r i r s c i l r r ( l ct l c l . r t l o t r z i i ' r r r cn u i r s u r I ' i l c d ' A s e r s i i . s i t u i ' c t l . r r r sl c ( l r . r r r t l I l c l t . e t t t r c l c s t l c t r s [ - r i r r c i l . , r l c s i l c s t l t r L ) r n c r r r . r r k .c c l l c s < l e S c c l e n t l c t c l c J : i o n i c . [ . . t c t t t t t r . t t t t c . .e r t d c i t u t l i e ee v c c t i i i l i r e n t c s n r i ' t l r o r l e s t l e t r r r . a i l l o r s c l ' c n c l u c l t ersi ' p i ' t c i c s cn 1969, 1970, l97l ct elle e s t t l i ' c r i t c r l . r r r sc c t t e o p t i q u c . [ . i r v i c s o c i a l c d c i ' i l c c i t a i tr u s s i i n c l u s c , l : r r r s l c p r ( ) g r : r n n r c c l c r c c l t c r c h c s c t 1 1 r - r e l q u cfs actctrrs irrrporr.rnrs.rrrr c r t v u c c l ' u n c e n l l v s c a u s s i c o n r p l c \ t eq u e p o s s i b l c . citi'struligrrris [ . c s 1 ' r r i r r c i p r u xi l 6 n ) c n t s d e l a r n e s c a r r d e d c l a " D o u z i i ' n r c N u i r . s ( ) r ) t c n b r c f q r r c , t l t r r a r r t l r n u i t d u 5 i a n v i c r . d e s g c n s r n a s q u 6 sc . t r l i g t r i s e i sv o n t t l r ' l n a i s o l l e n r n i r i s ( ) n .L - o r s q u ' i l s v i s i t e n r l c s n r a i s o n s , i l s o t r s c r v c r t t r . r r rs i i c r r c c c o r r t n l g l c t l c g r ( ) u p c t l c s h i r t c s f e i t t l c s c o l l r l i c l r , , ltr lettrs c()sttll)tcs t.rircssltr I'ipp,11('naa t l c s t r l , l s t l t r c ss ct strr ll c.mbilrlisrrrr tlcs pcrsonn:rges tlerrs lc- {r()upc rrr:rsquci. Lcs pcrsonnagcs nr:ls(luLis [ r e u \ ' o l r t l ] c s r i c u l c r o u f l i r c t l c s P 1 p 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1c 1n r crsd p o n s c : r t r x ( l r t c \ t i ( ) n st l u q r . r u p c t l c s l r i r t c s . A A q c r s i i , i l s r c s t c r r ts i l r . n c i c u x , bicn cluc ( l i l 1 1 \( l ' i 1 u t r ( ' s r r i q i o n s i l s < r r r t l c t l r o i t t l c p . r r L : r . L ) u r l n t I ' i n r t ' r r t > g : r r o i r t ' , o r t t l t t t t t t c : l u \ ( ' r ) l ; l n t sr r r : r s t l r t cts lcs strcrcries. tlcs Pitis.crics ou tics fruits c t , . r u s q r r n t l s , t l t r c r f i ' o t r t l c l i r l i q t r c r . r r l.' . t l o r s q r r ' i l s( ) n r r c ! ' u l c u r d u , i l s l ' ( ' l ) . r r t ( ' r l t g i n t : r l l c r n c r r t . l . t ' s c o r r r r r r c r r r . r i r ccst I c s t l t r c s t i o n s t l c s l r t r t c s \ o n t ( l ( ' \ i l t ( t : l l r c sp l t r l t ' r t l t r c l l c si l s c s s . t v c r r c t l ep 1 c 1 1 , l . l a u pit'r:t lcs rrxtsc t n r i ' r n t '. r i i n q r r ' i l s s c r l t ' r n : r s r l u c r c q u c s , l l i l l t 1 u ' i l ss c t r a h i s s r ' r r t , rr t qu'ils ( . ) t t . u r , ll t ' . r ' r r . r t , 1 r r , ' . : i ( ) n t t('\t('ttt trrl tl)rlrrt('tlt. l);lrti\, lcs htltcs c()llrntclrc c l r t i ( l i s c r r t ( ' r( ' n t r c c u x t ) ( ) u r s . r v o i r t l u i i l s t ' t l i c r r t c r ( ) n c s t t r i ' s s : r t i s [ . r i t
{ :l ( . t l r t r t r r rt t ' i t t l r r x l u c t i , ' r r , l r r i t i t r r , l i c r c r t . t i n . rhrrtriqu.. c()nacnl.r'l l( 1.11'bli1lrrs l ) r . r \ ( l l r c c t l . r r r r . r s c l r l r i c r , r r . t r r | ] , r r t i t ' .c r t r . r i t c t l t r s r r r r n r . t i r c t l t . l r , t n l i ! r c . u r . / _ , r rtrtrcart,l<'dc Lr douziut'tttti! :tr l'ilt r/',4gcrrr), L;trlt soailc, statisttqtc u stntctrrr'//r'", ( .or.cnh.rtuc. 197.1

[ . c s l n n c i c so n t c f f e c i l c s c n sr u a g q u c c t l s b u t r i t r r c lt l c s c o r t i ' u c s p<rpufaircstlas sit'uaskarict rlcs koukcri, I)rogrcssivcrrrcrlt, lcs qcstcs l;r srntti ct lr fcrtiliti',sorrr r i t u c l s d ' a n t : r n ,x v : l n t p o u r [ r u t r l ' a s s u r c r rlc fcstiviti's ct tlc'tlivcrtisscrncrrt lr sr.r r l c v c n u sl u j < l u r d ' h u i I ' o c c ; t s i o n vislgi's sous cct rspcct. lcs icrrx cirn:lvillcs(lucs ri'r'i'lcrrturrc cxccptiolrd c n o t r c : r r t p o p u l : r i r c .l r ( ) n s ( ) u p q ( ) n n c i c . u r r r r nc n c t r r c ncllc riclrcssc prospccti'c su[f is:rnrrilcn t. rs i lcs A u i o u r c l ' h u i . c c s c ( ) u t u n r c sc t l c s j c u x c a r r r : r v e l e s < 1 t rlrtc err un virit:rtrlc thi'itrc popul;rirr', rcconlPigncnt sc sont trlnsf()rt]1(ics s ct rclations ri'ciavcc scs proprcs. di'cors. tnisc en sci'ttc. cos(utne cs rrrichisp r o q u c s c n t r c i r t i s t c s c t s P c c t x t c u r sl.. c s i c t r xc : r r n l v a l c s q u e s c n t s ; l n s c c s s c l c u r m i s c c n s c i ' n c ,d i v c r s i f i c n tc t r c n c l c n tp l u s c o r r hciros.[.c c()stulr]c tcrrlpor:lin lctrr ripcrtoirc, crl cr6:lnt dc trotrvc:rux ns c rcrnplisscn e tu i o u r r l ' h t r i r i t u c l . l c t r a v c s t i ,l c m a s q u cc t l c s : r c c c s s o i r c qu'une fonctit>nesthitiqrrc th6itralc. nlrsqucs lninrrtrr Nous ne sonrmcs plus au tenrpsilcs c'ffral'entcs -'l'hraccs ct Sl:rvcs . . . C c q u i c s t r c s t t i ,c ' c s tl r r dc nos lncicnsenct'trcs q r : l n d cv i t a l i t i ' b u l g : r r c . r i,r r s(i l r r ' u nq r x n ( i; r r t , l ; r i o i c c t l a r d ' i o u i s s : t n c:c i n c o n r p a r : r b lp car s:lbetrt6 ct pir saforcc, par I'dnrotion qu'il suscite. T o u s l e s a n s ,c l r n sd i f f 6 r c n t sc c n t r c sd u p : r v s( l ) c r n i k ,T o u r i a , N l i t [cstivals clcs d u c : r r n : r r ,[ :r u l l q : r rr cv c c c h o u r i n ec t : r i l l c u r s )s o n t o r g : l n i s i s - tlcs uroupcs ct rlcs cnscrlblcs rn:lsgueis l:r plrticip;rrion d'interprc\tcs pltrsicurs loc:rliti's tlu pn's, oir ccttc tmdition contintrc i ;,:lli:..U" 'Iirtrs l c s . l c u x r u r s , : r u r r r o i st l e j . r n v i e r , : rl i t ' u i I ' c r r r i k l c l t ' s r i v . r l populaircsclcs {'c,z('crict tlcssirzasA',rri. A ccslitcs ll:lti()rrxl clcscclrti'gcs s u i r r l i o u i s s c r r:tr,v c cl c s ccntair.rc t ls ' i r r t c r p r i ' t er sn l s ( l u c iq pirticipcnt elcs r l cs p c c t , r t c u r vs crrus proctltlcs d u l i r r i g i r r : r tl h i i t r c p o p t r l r i r c ,l c s r r r i l l i c r s r l c t o u t l c p : I ' s p o u r c l t c r c h c rl r i o i c c t l r r i ' i o u i s s r r r c c .

M a r i n a M a r k o v aT C H E R K E Z O V A Collaboratrice au Mus6e et a I ' l n s t i t u tE t h n o g r a p h i q u e de Sofia. 126

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