HVI High Volume Testing

• HVI Measurement Principles:

• Overview of each measurement

• Factors influencing test results
• calibration
• accuracy and precision

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 USTER® HVI

• Test Report

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 USTER® HVI

Basic Measurements of cotton (bales):

• Length, Uniformity
• Strength
• Color
• Trash
NEW on HVI SPECTRUM:
• Maturity
• Short Fiber Index

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 Pulling a Length Staple

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 Example:

1 inch = staple class 32 ⇒ 32:32 =1

1 1/16 inch = staple class 34 ⇒ 34:32 = 1 1/16

1 1/2 inch = staple class 48 ⇒ 48:32 = 1 1/2

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 Relationship Between Classer’s Call
and HVI Length Results
Inches UHM [inches] UHM [mm] Code

unter 13/16 < 0.79 < 20.1 24

13/16 0.80 - 0.85 20.1 - 21.6 26
7/8 0.86 - 0.89 21.8 - 22.6 28
29/32 0.90 - 0.92 22.9 - 23.4 29
15/16 0.93 - 0.95 23.6 - 24.1 30

31/32 0.96 - 0.98 24.4 - 24.9 31

1 0.99 - 1.01 25.1 - 25.8 32
1 1/32 1.02 - 1.04 25.9 - 26.4 33
1 1/16 1.05 - 1.07 26.7 - 27.2 34
1 3/32 1.08 - 1.10 27.4 - 27.9 35

1 1/8 1.11 - 1.13 28.2 - 28.7 36

1 5/32 1.14 - 1.17 29.0 - 29.7 37
1 3/16 1.18 - 1.20 30.0 - 30.5 38
1 7/32 1.21 - 1.23 30.7 - 31.2 39
1 1/4 1.24 - 1.26 31.5 - 32.0 40

1 9/32 1.27 - 1.29 32.3 - 32.8 41

1 5/16 1.30 - 1.32 33.0 - 33.5 42
1 11/32 1.33 - 1.35 33.8 - 34.3 43
1 3/8 > 1.38 > 35.0 44

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 HVI Length & Strength
Measurement Principle

LED

Comb Fiber Beard Breaker Jaws

Home
Position

Breaker Jaws

D1 = Length Standard D2 = Lens to Break

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 Span Length -
Principle of Measurement

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 Mean Length -
Principle of Measurement

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 Upper Half Mean Length -
Principle of Measurement

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 Comparison of Span and Mean Lengths

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 Uniformity Ratio and Uniformity Index

Uniformity Ratio UR = 50% SL x 100

2.5% SL

Uniformity Index UI = ML x 100

UHML

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 Uniformity - Evaluation

Description Uniformity Ratio Uniformity Index

50%SL / 2.5%SL ML / UHML
very low 41 & lower 77 & lower
low 41 - 43 77 - 79
average 44 - 46 80 - 82
high 47 - 48 83 - 85
very high 48 & higher 85 & higher

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 USTER® HVI SPECTRUM

Features & Benefits:

Accurate and precise Short Fiber Index -

 Detects high short fiber content bales quickly and

accurately
 Proven algorithm under evaluation by USDA

 High correlation to AFIS Short Fiber Content

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 USTER® HVI SPECTRUM

Staple Standards Evaluation Cottons Test - r = 0.98

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Short Fiber Content/ Index [%]

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31 32 32 34 35 36 37 38

AFIS HVI

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 Cotton Fiber Structure

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 Bundle Fiber Strength -
Principle of Measurement

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 Bundle Fiber Strength - Evaluation

Description Pressley 0" MPSI Pressley 1/8" Stelometer 1/8" HVI 1/8"*
(1000) lbs/in^2 g/tex g/tex g/tex
very low 70 – 78 21 & lower 17 & lower 21 & lower
low 77 – 83 21 – 23 17 – 19 22 - 24
average 84 – 90 24 – 26 20 – 22 25 – 27
high 91 – 97 27 – 29 23 – 25 28 – 30
very high 98 – 104 30 & higher 26 & higher 31 & higher

* Calibrated to HVI Cal.

Cottons

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 Micronaire
Measurement Principle

1. Closing Valve
2. Pressure Regulating Valve
3. Air Measuring Device
4. Pressure Change Measuring Device
5. Measuring Chamber with Fibers

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 Relationship Between Maturity and
Micronaire

Fine and immature, very low Micronaire

Fine and mature, low Micronaire

Coarse and immature, low Micronaire

Coarse and mature, high Micronaire

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 Micronaire - Evaluation
smaller than = very fine
3.0 small perimeter and mature or medium
perimeter and immature

3.1 to 3.6 = fine

small to medium perimeter with different
degrees of maturity

3.7 to 4.7 = average

medium perimeter with different degrees
of maturity

4.8 to 5.9 = coarse

medium perimeter and mature or
large perimeter and immature

greater than = very coarse

6.0 large perimeter with different degrees
of maturity
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 Low Medium
Micronaire & Micronaire &
“fairly “less mature”
mature”

Medium High
Micronaire & Micronaire &
“fairly “well mature”
mature”

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 USTER® HVI SPECTRUM

Features & Benefits:

Accurate and precise Maturity Index -

 Detects potential immature bales quickly and

accurately
 Advanced algorithm compares well to AFIS
Maturity Ratio
 No special sample preparation necessary

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 USTER® HVI SPECTRUM

International Cotton Samples - r = 0.93

1.2
Maturity Ratio

0.8

0.6
1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71

AFIS HVI

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 HVI Color & Trash
Measurement Principle

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 Color Range of Cotton

• Two-dimensional
color range

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 HVI Color

• U.S. Upland
color chart

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 HVI Color

• 80-85% of
U.S. cotton
crop falls
within this
color range

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 HVI Color

• Typical color
distribution
of U.S.
cotton crop

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 HVI Color

• Color chart for

American Pima
cottons

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 U.S. Upland Color Grade
White
Symbols Code Leaf Code

Cotton Good Middling

Strict Middling
GM
SM
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21
1
2
Middling Mid 31 3
Standards Strict Low Middling SLM 41 4
Low Middling LM 51 5
Strict Good Ordinary SGO 61 6
Good Ordinary GO 71 7
Light Spotted
Good Middling GM Lt Sp 12 1

• Grade descriptions
Strict Middling
Middling
SM Lt Sp
Mid Lt Sp
22
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2
3
Strict Low Middling SLM Lt Sp 42 4
Low Middling LM Lt Sp 52 5
Strict Good Ordinary SGO Lt Sp 62 6
Spotted
Good Middling GM Sp 13 1
Strict Middling SM Sp 23 2
Middling Mid Sp 33 3
Strict Low Middling SLM Sp 43 4
Low Middling LM Sp 53 5
Strict Good Ordinary SGO Sp 63 6
Tinged
Strict Middling SM Tg 24 2
Middling Mid Tg 34 3
Strict Low Middling SLM Tg 44 4
Low Middling LM Tg 54 5
Yellow Stained
Strict Middling SM YS 25 2
Middling Mid YS 35 3
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 Trash -
Measurement Principle

Video Image
Analysis
Results:
• % Area
(covered)
• (Particle)
Count

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 Relationship of Trash Measurement to
Classer’s Leaf Grade*

Classer‘s Trash
Leaf Grade Measurement
(% area)

1 <= 0.08
2 <= 0.12
3 <= 0.18
4 <= 0.34
5 <= 0.55
6 <= 0.86
7 <= 1.56
8 > 1.56

* 1999 USDA crop data (4 year average)

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