Transmission Line 1

Name : N.H.M. Prabhath

Index : 080368F
Field : EE
Date of per : 2010/12/09
Instructed By:
 OBSERVATION SHEET
Name : N.H.M. Prabhath
Index :080368F
Field : EE
Date of per :2010/12/09
Instructed by:

O/C Test

Sending end Receiving end

Wattage =10W Vr =76V

Vs =74V Ir = 0A
Is = 0.9A

S/C Test

Sending end
Receiving end

Wattage = 5W Vr = 0V
Vs = 5.26V Ir = 1.1A
Is = 1.08A

The Resistance of the Wattmeter =12 k Ω

Calculations :
For the Open Circuit test
Vs.Is =74 * 0.9 VA=66.6VA
R
Wattage=10W =( )×V s . I s .cos ⁡( ∅oc −θ)
2
1 where φ is the phase difference
R+
ωc
between voltage and current
√ 2
( )
cos ⁡( ∅oc −θ) =10/66.6 = 0.15 => ⁡(∅ oc −θ) =81.360

But θ=tan
−1
( ωcR1 )=3.794
∅ oc =81.36+3.794=85.152

So Vs =74V & I s=0.9 ∠−85.150 A

So Zoc =74/(0.9 ∠ 85.150 ¿=82.22 ∠ 85.150

For the Short circuit test

Vs.Is.cos∅ sc =5

Vs.Is=5.6808

So cos∅ sc =5/5.6808=0.88 =>∅ sc =28.36o

Is = 1.08∠−28.360

Zsc = 5.26/(1.08∠−28.360 ¿ =4.87∠ 28.360

Using experimental values

Z oc
A=D=
√ Z oc −Z sc

Where Zoc =82.22 ∠ 85.150

5.26
Z sc= ∠ 28.360=¿ 4.87∠ 28.360
1.08

Z oc
A=D=
√ Z oc −Z sc
=1.016 ∠−1.466

B=A.Zsc=4.948∠ 29.8 26
C=A/Zoc = 0.012∠−8 3.684
Theoretically
δx
x

Vr ,Ir

Let the voltage be V froma distance of x from the receiving end and let the per unit
impedance be Z and let the current be I from the distance of x from the receiving end
Then δV=I(Zδx)
When δx 0
dV
=IZ
dx
Similarly if the admittance per unit is ‘y’ , then
δI=V(yδx)
When δx 0
dI
=Vy
dx
So
d2V dI 1
2
=z . = yzV =¿ V = A1 e √ yZ x + A2 e− √ yZ x
dx dx

Similarly
d2 I dV
2
=y. = yzI =¿ I =B1 e √ yZ x + B2 e− √ yZ x 2
dx dx

From 1
dV
= A1 . √ yZ e √ yZ x − A 2 . √ yZ e−√ yZ x =IZ=Z B1 e √ yZ x +Z B2 e−√ yZ x
dx

A 1 √ yZ y
So B1=
Z
= A1
Z √
−A 2 √ yZ y
B 2=
Z
=− A 2
Z √
Let Z/y =Z0
Then B1 =A1/Z0 , B2 = -A2/Z0
So
A 1 √ yZ x A2 −√ yZ x
I= e − e 3
Z0 Z0

From 1 and 3
When x=0 V=Vr and I=Ir
V r =A 1 + A 2 and
A1 A 2
I r= −
Z0 Z0

This gives
V r + Z0 I r V r−Z 0 I r
A1= A 2=
2 2
So

V r + Z0 I r √ yZ x V r −Z 0 I r −√ yZ x
V =( )e +( )e
2 2

V r + Z 0 I r √ yZ x V r −Z 0 I r −√ yZ x
I =( )e −( )e
2 Z0 2 Z0

Furthermore

e √ yZ x +e−√ yZ x e √ yZ x −e−√ yZ x
V= ( 2 )
V r+ Z0 ( 2
Ir )
e√ yZ x −e−√ yZ x e √ yZ x +e−√ yZ x
I=
( 2 Z0
V r+
) ( 2
Ir )
When x=L V=Vs I=Is

e √ yZ L +e−√ yZ L e√ yZ L −e−√ yZ L
V s= ( 2 )
V r+ Z0 (
2
Ir )
e √ yZ L −e−√ yZ L e√ yZ L + e−√ yZ L
I s=
( 2 Z0 ) (
V r+
2
Ir )
e √ yZ L + e−√ yZ L e √ yZ L−e−√ yZ L
Vs
[ ]
Is
[
= yZ L − yZ L
e√ −e √
2 Z0
2
Z0

(
( 2
e √ yZ L + e−√ yZ L
2 )
)V
[ ] ] r
Ir
So if ϒ = √ yZ

e ϒ L + e−ϒL
A= ( 2 ) =cosh ( ϒL )=D

eϒL−e−ϒL
B=Z 0
2 ( )
=Z 0 sinh ( ϒL )

eϒL−e−ϒL sinh ( ϒL )
C= ( 2 Z0
=) Z0

r =0.3 Ω/m
l=2 mH /m
c=0.256 μF /m

r + jωl
Z 0=
√ jωc
=93.045∠−12.76 0

ϒ = √( r + jωl )( jωc)=7.48 × 10−3 ∠ 77.24 0

ϒL=0.187 ∠77.24 0
So from the above equation A= D=1.001∠ 7.530

B=3.855∠−8.350

C=0.00045∠ 17.17 0