Problem Set 8 (Posted for Tuesday Nov.

7/06)
8.1 Using voltage divider :
10O -j5O
ZL
Vo = 7 ∠45 o .
Z R + ZC + Z L

7∠45°V j15O V0
j15
= 7 ∠45 .o

10 − 5 + 15

15∠90 o
= 7 ∠45 o . ( * Note : According to the convention
10 + j10
in this course, the arrow point to the
15∠90 o
= 7 ∠45 o . higher potential , which might be the
10 2∠45 o
opposite to those physics background)
= 5.25 2 ∠90 v 0

8.2 Using current divider:

12 3O
I o = 12 ∠60 o .
12 + 3 − j15

12 Io
= 12 ∠60 o .
15 2∠ − 45 o 12 O 12∠60° A -j15O V0

24 2
= ∠105 o A
5

Vo = Io (-j15Ω)

24 2
= ∠105 o . 15 ∠ − 90 o
5

= 72 2∠15 o V

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 −2j − 2 j (1 + 2 j )
8. Zo = -2j // 1 = =
1− 2 j 1 − 2 j (1 + 2 j )
2O j1O

4−2j VO I0
= = 0.8 – 0.4j Ω
5
100 ∠90 ° V -j2O 1O
Using voltage divider:

ZO
Vo = 100 ∠90 o . ZO
ZO + 2 + j

0.8 − 0.4 j 0.894∠ − 26.6 o

= 100 ∠90 o . = 100 ∠90 o .
0.8 − 0.4 j + 2 + j 2.86∠12.1o

= 31.26 ∠51.3o V

vO
Io = = 31.26 ∠51.3o A
1Ω

8.4 Power is absorbed only by the resistor. Inductors and capacitors only store energy.
They do not consume.

Using current divider:

2j−4j IR
IR = 10 ∠45 o . j2O
2j−4j+4
10∠45° A 4O
−2j
= 10 ∠45 o . -j4O
4−2j

2∠ − 90 o
= 10 ∠45 o .
4.47∠ − 26.6 o

= 4.47 ∠ − 18.4 o

1 1
Average power PA = | IR | 2
R= (4.47) 2 . 4 ≈ 40 W
2 2

Solution_Set_8_Rev00h Page 2 | 10
8.5

1
Zc =
jC
Using Voltage Divider

R2
Vout= 1 . Vin
R 2 + R1 +
jC

R2
jω
V out jω CR 2 R 2 + R1
= =
Vin 1 + jω C(R 1 + R 2 ) jω + 1
C(R 1 + R 2 )
Examine the denominator:
1
D(ω)= jω +
C ( R1 + R2 )

1 1
At very low frequency jω << , D(ω)=
C ( R1 + R2 ) C ( R1 + R2 )
1
At very high frequency jω >> , D(ω)= jω
C ( R1 + R2 )
1
Somewhere in between when jω = we call this cut off frequency ω0. In this
C ( R1 + R2 )
1
example ω0= =10k rad/s
C ( R1 + R2 )
Therefore

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 1 R2
jω
V R1 + R2
When ω0<< C ( R1 + R2 ) ; out = ≈ jωR2 C
Vin 1
C ( R1 + R2 )
1 R2
jω
V R1 + R2 R2
When ω0>> C ( R1 + R2 ) ; out = ≈
Vin jω R1 + R2

High pass filter

8.6

R2
VIN 100Ω 1mH VOUT
L
100Ω

R1
Vs=(1/2)Vin
Rs=100//100=50Ω

Solution_Set_8_Rev00h Page 4 | 10
Using Voltage Divider

jω (1mH ) V
Vout= . in
50Ω + jω (1mH ) 2
Vout 1 jω 0.5 jω
= • =
Vin 2 50 jω + 50000
+ jω
1m
∴ ω 0 = 50000rad / s

Vout 0.5 jω 1
When ω<< 50000rad / s ; ≈ ∝
Vin 50000 ω
V 0 .5 j ω
When ω>> 50000rad / s ; out = = 0 .5
Vin jω

8.7
10mH

L
R2
VIN VOUT
10 kΩ
21.6 kΩ

R1
Using Voltage Divider

10k
Vout= . Vin
10k + 21.6k + 10m • jω

Vout 10k
=
Vin 31.6k + 10m • jω
1M
=
3.16M + jω

∴ ω 0 = 3.16 × 10 6 rad / s

Vout 1 × 10 6 1
When ω<< 3.16 ×106 rad / s ; = ≈
Vin 3.16 × 10 6
3.16
Vout 1 × 10 6 1
When ω>> 3.16 ×106 rad / s ; = ∝
Vin jω ω
It’s a low pass filter

Solution_Set_8_Rev00h Page 5 | 10
 1
∝
ω

ω0

Vout 10 1 1
8.8 = = ∴ω0 = = 0.1rad / s
Vin 1 + 10 • jω 1 10
+ jω
10
V 1 1
When ω>> ω0 ; out ≈ = ∠ − 90
Vin jω ω
V 1 10 10
When ω= ω0 ; out = = = ∠ − 45
Vin 1 1 1+ j 2
+j
10 10
V 1
When ω<< ω0 ; out ≈ = 10∠0
Vin 1
10
Magnitude plot:

20log(Vout/Vin)

20log(10/√2)=20dB 20log(10/√2)=20dB-3dB
constant
1
∝
ω

0 ω0

Solution_Set_8_Rev00h Page 6 | 10
Phase plot:

VOUT 100
8.9 = ∴ ω 0 = 10rad / s
VIN jω − 10
V 100 100
When ω>> ω0 ; out ≈ = ∠ − 90
Vin jω ω
V 100
When ω<< ω0 ; out ≈ = 10∠ − 180
Vin − 10
Magnitude plot:

Phase plot:

Solution_Set_8_Rev00h Page 7 | 10
 VOUT 1 jω jω
8.10 = = =
VIN 1 1 jω + 0.1
1+ jω +
j10ω 10
∴ ω 0 = 0.1rad / s
Vout jω
When ω>> ω0 ; ≈ =1
Vin jω
V 0 .1 j 1∠90 1
When ω= ω0 ; out = = = ∠45
Vin 0.1( j + 1) 2∠45 2
V jω
When ω<< ω0 ; out ≈ = 10. jω = 10ω∠90
Vin 0 .1
Magnitude plot:

Phase plot:

Solution_Set_8_Rev00h Page 8 | 10
 VOUT 200 jω 10 jω
8.11 = =
V IN 1 + 20 jω 0.05 + jω
∴ ω 0 = 0.05rad / s
Vout 10 jω
When ω>> ω0 ; ≈ = 10∠0
Vin jω
V 10 j (0.05) 10 j 10
When ω= ω0 ; out = = = ∠45
Vin 0.05 + j (0.05) 1 + j 2
V 10 jω
When ω<< ω0 ; out ≈ = 200 jω = 200ω∠90
Vin 0.05

Magnitude plot:

Vout
20 Log | |
Vin

20 dB
.

Log (w)

Solution_Set_8_Rev00h Page 9 | 10
Phase plot:

8.12
10 100∠135
8.8 Vout = 10∠135. = = 9.95∠51
1 + j10 10.05∠84
100 100∠135
8.9 Vout = 10∠135. = = 9.95∠ − 39.3
j − 10 10.05∠174.3

j 1∠90
8.10 Vout = 10∠135. = 10∠135 • = 9.95∠141
j + 0.10 1.004∠84

10 j 10∠90
8.11 Vout = 10∠135. = 10∠135 • = 99.9∠138
0.05 + j 1.0012∠87

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