Mekong Regional Water and Sanitation Program (MEK-WATSAN)

EXTENSION OF WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION IN

KAMPOT DOWNTOWN PROJECT OF UN-HABITAT
COMMUNITY-BASED WATER SUPPLY AND
SANITATION PROJECT
Output Under The Cooperation Agreement Between
UN-HABITAT
and
Kampot Water Supply Utility
Report on
MDG target 10 and 11 baseline Situation (D4a)

2010

KAMPOT WATER
SUPPLY UTILITY

KAMPOT CAMBODIA

B Y
S O R N S O M O L I N E

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Table of Contents
1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 3
2. Town Background................................................................................................................... 4
3. CMDGs for Water and Sanitation........................................................................................... 6
4. Census 2008 related to water and sanitation in Kampot Town............................................... 9
4.1 Source of drinking water ....................................................................................................... 9
4.2 Sanitation facilities.............................................................................................................. 11
5. Method of questionnaire for baseline data ............................................................................ 12
6. Training of Enumerators ....................................................................................................... 13
7. Data collection ...................................................................................................................... 14
8. Data Analysis ........................................................................................................................ 15
8.1 General information ............................................................................................................ 16
8.2 Data analysis by topic ......................................................................................................... 18
9. Conclusion............................................................................................................................. 28

Annex 1: Baseline Data Collection on Water and Sanitation.

Annex 2: List of enumerators for baseline data collection.

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 1. Introduction
MEK-WATSAN is a collaborative effort between UN-HABITAT and Cambodia Government
has been implementing water and sanitation investment in Kampot town. The whole philosophy
of MEK-WATSAN is to support participating governments attain their water and sanitation
related MDGs agreed in 2000, to halve the proportion of people without access to improved
water supply and sanitation services by 2015.

The Royal Government of Cambodia has set out a CMDG which is compliant with the world
MDGs. The CMDG composes of many targets for year 2015 but two of them are focusing on
water and sanitation. MEK-WATSAN was initiated at the request of Governments of the
Mekong Region - the Royal Government of Cambodia, the People's Republic of China (Yunan
Province), the Lao People's Democratic Republic, and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. MEK-
WATSAN program was developed to provide supports those governments in improving water
and sanitation condition in peri-urban or secondary towns in the above four countries by
expanding water supply infrastructure. The program focuses on improving the livelihood of low-
income urban population that lack adequate water facilities.

MEK-WATSAN aims at supporting the participating Government of the Mekong Region attain
their water and sanitation related MDGs agreed in 2000, to halve the proportion of people
without access to improved water supply and sanitation services by 2015. Especially MEK-
WATSAN promotes pro-poor urban water conservation and demand management, integrated
urban environmental sanitation, and income generation for the urban poor through community-
based water and sanitation services.
The primary purpose of the project is to improve water supply and environmental sanitation for
at least 7,500 poor people or 75% of the poor in Kampot Town. The targeted area that was
selected for water supply is: Kampong Bay, Traeuy Kaoh, Kampong Kraeng commune. For
improving the sanitation condition in the Kampot town the project selected five more commune
as Kampong Kandal, Andoung Khmaer, Maekprang, Krang Ampil, Chum Kriel, Trapaeng
Thum.

The data collections on water and sanitation indicators were conducted from 13 to 30 September
2010 in Kampot Town.

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 2. Town Background
Kampot is located in Southern Cambodia on the coast of the Gulf of Thailand. It borders
Kampong Speu to the North, Takeo and Vietnam to the East, the Gulf of Thailand to the South
and Sihanoukville and Koh Kong to the West. The area of the province is 4873 square kilometers
(MAFF www.maff.gov.kh). The topography of the province is variable, from the coastal region
on the southern border, to extensive lowland paddy fields and areas of lowland/ upland mosaic to
the east and lowland/ upland mosaic and upland forested areas to the west. Kampot is classified
as a rural province.

The total number of households in Kampot in 2008 was 130 thousand within total population
amount 585, 850 (women 301,727) that giving an average household size of 4.5 persons (CPS
2008) with the annual growth rate 1.03. The people of Kampot live in 8 districts composed of 92
communes and 482 villages (CDB 2004). The population density of the province is 120
persons/km2 compared to an average population density for Cambodia of 75 persons/km2. The
majority of the population is Khmer around 90% and the other is Islamic.

According to the objective of the project nine communes were selected to implement the water
supply and sanitation. These nine communes consists of 31 villages within 9,961 households of
the total population amount 53,176 persons which 27,561 are women. About 42 % of the
household in Kampot Municipality have connected to piped water from Kampot Water Supply
and about 7% of household in Toek Chhu District have connected to piped water from Kampot
Water Supply. The percentage of household do not have latrine are higher than 70% in Treuy
Koah, Kampong Kraeng, Chum Kreil. For Andoung Khmer, Trapeang Thom and Meakprang,
Krang Ampil, the percentage of household do not have latrine is around 50%. However, the
percentage of household that do not have latrine is very low in Kampong Bay and Kampong
Kandal since these two Sangkat are located in the centre of the town.

The production capacity of safe water is amount 5,760 m3 per day but the distribution of the
water is around 3,600m3 to 3,800m3 per day due to the limitation of financial resources to extent
the piped. Unused production capacity of the existing water treatment plant requires investments
for extending the pipes to the three communes/Sangkats. This investment will be contributed to
the improvement of water and sanitation and poverty reduction in Kampot downtown.

The Extension of Water Supply and Sanitation, and Monitoring Achievements towards Reaching
the MDGs in Kampot Town project covers nine communes where six communes i.e. Kampong
Bay, Traeuy Kaoh, Kampong Kandal, Andoung Khmaer, Krang Ampil and Trapaeng Thum

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belong to Kampot Municipality and three communes i.e. Kampong Kraeng, Maekprang and
Chum Kriel belong to Toek Chhu district.

The project comprises of two main parts water supply extension and sanitation. The water supply
extension covers only three communes where Kampong Bay and Traeuy Kaoh commune belong
to Kampot Municipality and Kampong Kreang commune belong to Toek Chhue district. During
the kick off meeting with Kampot Water Supply Authority (KWSA), Department of Potable
Water Supply, MIME and the representatives of UN-HABITAT, we agreed that the study area
covers only some parts of the nine communes closed to the existing and proposed extension
water supply pipe lines. Figure 1 shows the study area.

AREA TO BE COVERED BY WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION PROJECT

AREA COVERED BY WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION PROJECT

LEGEND W E

Study Area S

Commune Boundary
District Boundary
0 1 2 3 Km

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 Persons Poor Poor
Commune Village Female Male Total HH
/HH G1 G2
Chum Kriel Trapeang Thum 760 721 1481 226 6.55 15 16
Chum Kriel Chum Kriel 905 773 1678 330 5.08 12 17
Chum Kriel Samraong 484 434 918 174 5.28 12 13
Chum Kriel Kampong Kandal 680 568 1248 229 5.45 16 23
Kampong Kraeng Makprang 924 873 1797 396 4.54 71 35
Kampong Kraeng Prey Tnaot 482 445 927 142 6.53 24 27
Kampong Kraeng Kampong Kraeng 609 612 1221 248 4.92 26 11
Kampong Kraeng kampongkrong 403 360 763 165 4.62
Meakprang Snam Prampir 1479 1546 3025 541 5.59 32 37
Trapeang Thum Trapeang Chrey 310 351 661 118 5.60 15 15
Trapeang Thum Krang 270 304 574 112 5.13 5 2
Trapeang Thum Trapeang Thum 276 244 520 141 3.69 9 10
Trapeang Thum Svay Thum 332 298 630 137 4.60 13 11
Kampong Kandal Sovann Sakor 2203 1933 4136 803 5.15 44 2
Phum Muoy
Kampong Kandal 1992 1716 3708 672 5.52 10 9
Ousaphie
Krang Ampil Krang 1431 1341 2772 515 5.38 32 17
Krang Ampil Svay Thum 1127 829 1956 324 6.04 33 17
Kampong Bay Khang 20 17
Kampong Bay 2033 1874 3907 680
Cheung 5.75
Kampong Bay Khang 4 2
Kampong Bay 1300 1139 2439 479
Tboung 5.09
Andoung Khmaer Tvi Khang cheung 1310 1124 2434 415 5.87 6 4
Andoung Khmaer Tvi Khang tboung 1508 1334 2842 527 5.39 20 0
Andoung Khmaer Ou Touch 1065 1060 2125 391 5.43 16 25
Andoung Khmaer Andoung Khmaer 479 639 1118 257 4.35 9 11
Andoung Khmaer Ta Deb 678 664 1342 278 4.83 28 9
Traeuy Kaoh Doun Taok 607 547 1154 233 4.95 10 10
Traeuy Kaoh Ta Angk 498 475 973 172 5.66 28 19
Traeuy Kaoh Srae 737 678 1415 259 5.46 5 42
Source: District Office

3. CMDGs for Water and Sanitation

MDG target 10 refers to CMDGs target 7.11: increasing the proportion of urban population with
access to safe water source from 60% in 1998 to 80% in 2015.
MDG target 11 refer to CMDGs targets 7.13: increasing the proportion of urban population with
access to improved sanitation from 49% in 1998 to 74% in 2015

Table below presents in the left column the generic list of targets and indicators proposed by the
United Nations while the right column indicates the overall and specific targets chosen by the
RGC after consulting major stakeholders.

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 Global MDG7 Cambodia MDG7
Target 10: Halve by 2015 the proportion of Overall target 14: Halve by 2015 the proportion of
people without sustainable access to safe people
drinking water without sustainable access to safe drinking water

Indicator 7.10: Proportion of rural population with

access to
Indicator 29: Proportion of population with safe water source
sustainable access to an improved water
source Indicator 7.11: Proportion of urban population with
access to
safe water source

Overall target 16: Increase the proportion of the

population in
Target 11: By 2020 to have achieved a both urban and rural areas with access to land security
significant improvement in the lives of at by 2015
least 100 million slum dwellers
Indicator 7.14: Percentage of land parcels having
titles in both
urban and rural areas

The benchmark and target values for CMDG7 indicators show in the following table

Benchmark Targets
Indicators
Values Year 2005 2010 2015
7.11. Proportion of urban population with
60% 1998 68% 74% 80%
access to safe drinking water source
7.13. Proportion of urban population with
49% 1998 59% 67% 74%
access to improved sanitation

In 1998, about 60% of population in Cambodia had access to safe water supply. The trend is
upward; though only in the former will Cambodia meet its CMDG target of 80% by 2015.

In 1998, 49 percent of the urban population in Cambodia had access to improved sanitation.
Progress has been made since then at a pace, which will enable the CMDG targets to be met by
2015. Linear projection suggests that at this rate, 100 percent of urban dwellers will have access
to improved sanitation which exceeds the targets of 74%.

The graphs below show the CMDG for water supply and sanitation improvement in urban:

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 CMDG for Water Supply in Urban

82% 80.00%
80% 78.80%
77.60%
78% 76.40%
75.20%
76% 74.00%
74% 72.80%
71.60%
72% 70.40%
69.20%
70% 68%
68%
66%
64%
62%
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

CMDG for Sanitation Improvement in Urban

80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Source: Cambodian Millennium Development Goal

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 4. Census 2008 related to water and sanitation in
Kampot Town

4.1 Source of drinking water

Based on census 2008, about 61.33% of total household have access to piped water in Kampot
Municipality. The sources of drinking water and the location of source drinking water in Kampot
Municipality show in the following table.

Source of Drinking Water in Kampot Municipality Percentage

Piped water 61.33
Tube/pipe well 3.04
Protected dug well 1.60
Unprotected dug well 9.80
Rain 0.15
Spring, River, etc. 2.15
Bought 20.24
Other 0.00

Location Drinking Water in Kampot Municipality Percentage

Within premises 65.04
Near premises 13.59
Away from premises 19.68

Source: Census 2008

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The percentage of household have access to piped water is about 6.82% in Toek Chhu District
while the percentage of household use unprotected well is 42.90% and household use spring,
river is about 26.98%. The sources of drinking water and the location of source drinking water in
Toek Chhu District show in the following.

Source Drinking Water in Toek Chhu District Percentage

Piped water 6.82
Tube/pipe well 8.10
Protected dug well 7.38
Unprotected dug well 42.90
Rain 1.00
Spring, River, etc. 26.98
Bought 5.71
Other 0.73

Location Drinking Water in Teok Chhu District Percentage

Within premises 20.95
Near premises 32.95
Away from premises 45.73

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4.2 Sanitation facilities
Based on census 2008 show the percentage of household with toilet facilities in Kampot
Municipality is about 66% while the percentage of household without toilet facilities is 34%.

About 69% of total household of Toek Chhu District have no toilet facilities in 2008.

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 5. Method of questionnaire for baseline data
To analyze the situation of water and sanitation the baseline data survey was undertaken using
intensive analysis of existing relevant water and sanitation condition of target town and a
combination of secondary and primary data. The step to collect the primary data was conducted
as following:
- Develop questionnaire on baseline data
- Selection of enumerator for conducting the data collection
- Provide training to enumerator on questionnaire and method of survey
- Field work-survey activities
- Baseline data input
- Baseline data analysis
The baseline questionnaires were developed after carefully modification. Stakeholder workshop
was held to discuss and modify all the sections and each questionnaire. The questionnaires were
pre-test in the field. A pilot household was interviewed by every enumerator. These exercises
proved useful in finally adopting the baseline questionnaire and the capability of the enumerators
to plan baseline survey activities. The detail baseline questionnaire is attached in Annex 1.

The questionnaire consists of nine main sections as following:

i)Water and Sanitation Module: have 11 questions.
ii) Volume and payment for drinking water: Consumers with piped water connections:
have 8 questions and Consumers without piped water connections: have 5 questions
iii) Disruptions to the water supply: have 2 questions
iv) Household treatment of drinking water: have 3 questions
v) Source of water for cleaning, washing and bathing: have 4 questions
vi) Sanitation: have 8 questions
vii) Sewage Treatment: have 4 questions
viii) Solid Waste Disposal: have 14 questions
ix) Health questions: have 4 questions
Improvements were also made in a discussion topic of stakeholder workshop. The questionnaire
already revised after received some comments from the participant in the stakeholder workshop
of others four provinces to add some indicators to the existing one on:
- Added the note at the beginning of the questionnaire in order to explain the
surveyor to get more understanding about the objective of the project as well as
the purpose of survey.
- The distance of latrine to water sources like well and pond. (added in Sanitation

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 Section)
- The reason of not having toilet (added in Sanitation Section, on question WS 23A)
- Did your family get any awareness campaign on health care from the government
or NGOs so far? (Added in Health Section)
- Added the code (H1, H2, H3, H4) of each question in Health Section,

6. Training of Enumerators
One of the important activities before undertaking the survey was the training of field collector.
About 57 enumerators were selected to provide training on baseline data survey. The training on
questionnaire and method of survey was conducted on 03 September 2010 to build the capacity
of the enumerators in undertaking data collection activities.
First all enumerators was trained by the questionnaire explanation and discussion. The consultant
read every question and explained how to ask to the household. At the second the enumerators
were trained about the method of survey on how to choose the household for interviewed
(percentage of household for interview), how to make an even distribution for sampling
household, and explain about the procedure of interviewing household such as how to start the
question, how to use the simple word to talk with villagers, how to change the sample in the case
of household will be unable to answer the questions...ect.

The last step was field-tested. The participants were divided into three groups working on pre-
testing of the baseline survey. The pre-test was done in Kampong Bay Khang Tboung village.
Each group contains about 20 persons and leaded by a local consultant. The leader of the group
has conducted a demonstration on sampling selection and asking question of the water and
sanitation indicator questionnaires about two households for example. In the next step, each
group interviewed 3 more households by themselves. Each Group has to present their survey
result and share about the difficulties they have faced during the survey.

The enumerators were divided into nine groups for conducting the base line survey in the project
target areas. Below are the target villages and communes/Sangkat to be surveyed.
- Group survey in Sangkat Kampong Kandal. The responsible person is Mrs. Pov Synat -
Sangkat council. This group has only one sub-group and survey only one villages:
Sovansakor Village.
- Group survey in Sangkat Krang Ampil. The responsible person is Mr.Mao Soeun- Vice
Chief of Sangkat. This group was divided into two sub-group and survey two villages:
Krang and Svay Thom.

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 - Group Survey in Sangkat Kampong Bay. The responsible person is Mr. Khhurn Vat-and
Mr. Som Sy Em-Sangkat Council. This Group was divided into two sub-group and
survey in two villages Kampong Bay Kang Cheung and Kampong Bay Khang Tboung.
- Group Survey in Sangkat Angdoung Khmer. The responsible person is Mr. Yoy Sareth -
Sangkat Chief and Mr. Kheng Sokhorn-Sangkat Council. This group was divided into 5
sub-group and survey in 5 villages Tvi Khan Cheung, Tvi Khan Tboung, O Toch,
Angdoung Khmer, Ta Deb.
- Group Survey in Sangkat Treuy Koah. The responsible person is Mr. Neak Seu-Vice
Chief of Sangkat. This Group was divided into 3 groups and survey in three villages
Daun Toak, Ta Ang, Sre village.
- Group Survey in Trapeang Thom Commune. The responsible person is Mr.Thorn Chhil.
This group was divided into 4 sub-group and survey in 4 villages Trapeang Chrey,
Krang, Trapeang Thom and Svay Thom.
- Group survey in Chum Kreal Commune. The responsible person is Mr. Meiy Yeun-Vice
Chief Commune. This group was divided into 3 sub-groups and survey in 3 villages
Trapeang Thom, Chum Kreal and Samrong.
- Group Survey in Kampong Kraeng Commune. The responsible person is Mr. Tith Nan-
Chief Commune. This group was divided into two sub- groups and survey in two villages
Prey Thnot and Kampong Kraeng.
- Group survey in Makprang Commune. The responsible person is Mr. Soth Seun. This
group has only on sub-group and survey in one village.
List of Enumerator is attached in Annex 2.

7. Data collection
The household survey was started on 13 September 2010 and finished in 15 days. These sample
household has selected based on the location of water supply extension. The sample for
interview is 20% of total household in each village. The sample households were selected by
random method. The baseline data collection covered 1,627 over the different terrains of the 9
communes of Kampot Municipality and Toek Chhu District of Kampot Province. Most of the
places could be reached. The number of household to be interviewed in each commune as
following:

1. Sangkat Kampong Kandal: 158 households

2. Sangkat Krang Ampil: 186 households

3. Sangkat Kampong Bay: 223 households

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 4. Sangkat Angdoung Khmer: 419 households

5. Sangkat Treuy Koah: 174 households

6. Trapeang Thom Commune: 110 households

7. Chum Kreal Commune: 158 households

8. Kampong Kraeng Commune: 79 households

9. Makprang Commune: 120 households

Table below provides a description on the survey coverage, sample and census statistics for the
target commune composing the present report.

Results of the household interviews for baseline data collection

Sample Percentage
Household of
Commune Village Census HH
interviewed Response
Rate
Trapeang Thum 226 51 100%
Chum Kriel 330 71 100%
Chum Kriel Samraong 174 36 100%
Kampong Kraeng Prey Tnaot 142 29 100%
Kampong Kraeng 248 50 100%
Meakprang Snam Prampir 541 120 100%
Trapeang Chrey 118 27 100%
Krang 112 25 100%
Trapeang Thum
Trapeang Thum 141 28 100%
Svay Thum 137 30 100%
Kampong Kandal Sovann Sakor 803 158 100%
Krang Ampil Krang 515 112 100%
Svay Thum 324 74 100%
Kampong Bay Kampong Bay Khang Cheung 680 127 100%
Kampong Bay Khang Tboung 479 96 100%
Tvi Khang cheung 415 99 100%
Tvi Khang tboung 527 111 100%
Ou Touch 391 85 100%
Andoung Khmaer
Andoung Khmaer 257 56 100%
Ta Deb 278 66 100%
Doun Taok 233 62 100%
Traeuy Kaoh Ta Angk 172 46 100%
Srae 259 66 100%

8. Data Analysis
The baseline data analysis is proposed in the following order:
1. General analysis of Income and expense results at Provincial Level
2. In-depth analysis by topic
This will be done for the following subject by local consultant:
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 i)Water and Sanitation Module;
ii) Volume and payment for drinking water: Consumers with piped water connections;
Consumers without piped water connections;
iii) Disruptions to the water supply;
iv) Household treatment of drinking water;
v) Source of water for cleaning, washing and bathing
vi) Sanitation;
vii) Sewage Treatment;
viii) Solid Waste Disposal;
ix) Health questions.

8.1 General information

Household monthly income
The household income is an important determinant factor of poverty. The term household
income used in this survey represents the total income of a household collectively generated by
head of household, spouse and other member in the family. The household income varies greatly
according to household occupation and main activities, and can also vary seasonally. It is also
very important to bear in mind in interpretation of the survey results that there is a general
tendency of under reporting household income by the respondents and that may also cause bias
to the analysis results. Intensive probing was used during the survey in order to best estimate the
level of household income.
The distribution of monthly income of households in Kampot town indicates a great variation
around the mean and a big income difference between the very poor households (very low
income) and very rich households (very high income). The average monthly income is
US$174.46.

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 Monthly income distribution for households in Kampot Town
(Project Survey 2010)

Household monthly expenditure

Regard to the expenditure, the survey reveal that the expenditure for each household remain
larger than income. Household satisfied to answer the expense than the income. The average of
household expenditure in Kampot Town is around 143.75USD per month. According to the
survey showed that the average household expense for water is about 6.29 USD per month.

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8.2 Data analysis by topic
i) Water and Sanitation Module
About 68.83 % of total household use piped into dwelling for the main sources of drinking
water, 1.84% use piped into yard or plot, 0.43% use public tap/stand pipe. The remaining
households use other sources of drinking water such as well, spring, rain, pond, canal, irrigation,
and channel or bought water for drinking. The sources of water for drinking show in the
following table.

Sources of Water for drinking  Percentage 
Piped  into dwelling  68.83 
Piped into yard or plot  1.84 
Public tap/standpipe  0.43 
Tube well/borehole  3.74 
Protected well  5.40 
Unprotected well  1.96 
Protected spring  0.12 
Unprotected spring  0.25 
Rainwater collection  2.39 
Tanker‐truck  0.80 
Cart with small tank/drum/buckets  1.23 
Tank/drum/buckets  7.12 
Pond, canal, irrigation, Channel  0.18 
Bottled water  0.61 
Other  0.06 

Main sources of drinking water for household use

(Project survey 2010)

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The main sources of water used by household for other purposes such as cooking and hand
washing are in the following table.

Sources of Water for cooking and hand washing  Percentage 
Piped  into dwelling  69.20% 
Piped into yard or plot  1.66% 
Public tap/standpipe  0.43% 
Tube well/borehole  3.80% 
Protected well  5.64% 
Unprotected well  6.87% 
Protected spring  0.12% 
Unprotected spring  0.25% 
Rainwater collection  1.35% 
Tanker‐truck  1.10% 
Cart with small tank/drum/buckets  1.84% 
Tank/drum/buckets  7.30% 
Pond, canal, irrigation, Channel  0.18% 
Bottled water  0.00% 
Other  0.18% 

Main sources of drinking water for cooking and hand washing

(Project survey 2010)

Based on the survey, the water is more available at the water source at late evening around 5 pm.
About 21 % of total household in the town collect water for drinking far away from dwelling.
Household spends about 12.23 minute to fetch the water each time from the average distance of
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about 277.8 meter. There is no a queue waiting to get water during the dry season or raining
season. Related to the location of the source of water, about 99% said it's safe for women and
children and about 1% said its risk of crime and 1% said its risk of accident. The primary person
who collects drinking water show in following chart:

Percentage of persons who collects drinking water for household

(Project survey 2010)

ii) Volume and payment for drinking water

- Consumers with piped water connections
About 70% of total households have piped water connection. All the piped water is metered and
all the connection is working at the present time. The average of last month's water consumption
according to the meter reading is about 27.56 cubic meters. About 99.5% has paid for their water
while 0.5 % has not paid to their water. Among those households who paid for water, about 89%
paid according to monthly consumption when 11% paid by flat rate per month. The average of
monthly bill is 23,394 Riel (5.7 USD). Related to the person in family who is responsible to pay
the water bill, about 56% paid by mother, 37% paid by father and 7% paid by others.
- Consumers without piped water connections
About 30% of total household is consumers without water connection. The average use of water
each day is 307.25 liters per household. About 60% of household pay for their water while 40%
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do not pay. Among household who pay the water, 60% pay per drum (200 liter), 5% pay with
flat rate each week, 12% pay with flat rate per month and 14% pay with other method. 47% paid
by mother, 45% paid by father and 8% paid by other. The amount paid per drum (200 liter) is
about 5,219 Riel (1.27 UDS).

iii) Disruptions to the water supply

About 89% said that there have no any disruptions from the main sources of drinking water
while 11% said they have met some disruptions from the main sources of drinking water during
the past two weeks. The frequent of the disruptions show in the following chart:

iv) Household treatment of drinking water

Related to the quality of drinking water, 89% of household said the water is clear, 7% said the
water is not clear while 4% said that the water have other colour. About 69% said their drinking
water is no smell, 29% said it smells of chlorine, 1.5% said it smells bad and 0.5 don't know
about the smell.

About 96% of total household have done the treatment of drinking water. There are two step of
method: primary and secondary. In the primary method about 68% of total households boil water
before drink, 1% add bleach/chlorine, 1% sieve it through a cloth, 3% use water filter (ceramic,
sand, composite, etc..), 24% let water stand and settle, 2% use other method while 1% don't
know. Only 31% use secondary method for treatment of drinking water. About 84% of

21
household who use the secondary method boil water for drinking, 1% sieves it through a cloth,
5% use water filter (ceramic, sand, composite) and 10% let it stand and settle.

v) Source of water for cleaning, washing and bathing

About 88% of total household use source of water for drinking as the same as source of water for
cleaning, washing and bathing while 12% use source of water for drinking different from source
of water for cleaning, washing and bathing. The main source of water used for cleaning, washing
and bathing are following:

The percentage of main Sources of water for cleaning, washing and bathing

Related to the places of member of household bathe, about 78% bathe in private bathroom, 20%
bathe at the open air, 1% bathe in other's bathroom, 0.5% bathe at the stream, river, lake and
0.5% bathe in other places.
According to the survey, the household disposed of water which has been used for cooking,
washing, dishes, doing laundry and bathing as following chart

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 vi) Sanitation
The percentage of household have toilet facility is about 75% while 25% of the total households
do not use the toilet. The type of toilet facility that household use shows in the following chart:

Type of toilet  Percentage 
Modern latrine with septic tank  3 % 
Pour flush latrine with septic tank  89% 
Pour flush latrine with no septic tank  4.5% 
Pit latrine with slab  0.5% 
Pit latrine without slab/open pit  1% 
No facilities or bush or field  0.5% 
Other  1% 
No facilities but use public or other's facilities  0.5% 

23
Related to the question how household empty their pit latrine, about 24% of household empty
their pit manually, 64% empty it commercial exhauster, 1% said they will abandon, 2% said they
don't know and 9% said other.

About 89% of toilet facilities located inside dwelling/yard/compound and 16% located outside
dwelling/yard/compound. The distance of toilet far from dwelling, yard or compound as
following:

Distance from dwelling/yard/compound  Percentage 
Less than 20 meters  93% 
20‐50 meters  6% 
50‐100 meters  0.5% 
More than 100 meters  0.5% 

About 48% is located less than 30 meters from the well or on the water source and 52% is
located more than 30 meters from the well.

Children under 5 years old use sanitation facility is about 21% while 12% not use the sanitation
facility. About 67% of total household have no children under 5 years old. Among 12% of total
household that have children under 5 and not use the sanitation facility, the stools of children
were:

24
 Activities  Percentage 
Thrown into the latrine  83% 
Thrown outside in the yard  2% 
Buried outside in the yard  14% 
Not disposed of or left on the ground  1% 
Other  0 

vii) Sewage Treatment

The type of sewage treatment methods that household use shows in the following chart:

96% of household said there is no any visible effluent being discharged from the sanitation
facility, while 4% of household said there is some visible effluent being discharged from the
sanitation facility. About 14% of sanitation facility have problem by pooled sewage around the
house while 86% have problem with odors from the facilities are unpleasant to residents.

viii) Solid Waste Disposal

The waste was composted, recycles or fed to the animal. The remaining waste has been disposed
as following:

25
 Type of disposed  Percentage 
Collected by local Government  0 
Collected by community association  0 
Collected by private company  27% 
Dumped in the compound  1.50% 
Dumped in the street/vacant plot/drain  1% 
Burnt in the open  64% 
Buried  6% 
Other  0.50% 

Normally households collected waste 19 times per month. The amount of household waste for
each day is about 1.50Kg. The estimate of each household waste is about 28.5 Kg per month.
Related to the removal of solid waste, about 26% of total households said they pay for the
collections of solid waste while 74% said they have not paid for the removal of solid waste at all.
The average monthly fee for solid waste is 5,450 Riel.

Respond to the question of willingness to pay for solid waste collection about 22% will pay
while 78% will not pay for this solid waste collection because they prefer to burn it or burry in
their compound. The household willing to pay in average monthly fee amount 2,350 Riel. About
87% said they don't know whether or not they will pay for the solid waste collection. They will
decide when the waste collection service has been set up in the community.

About 47% of households have recycled solid waste while 53% have not recycled it. Some
household have recycled more than one item. The percentages of household that have recycled
the solid waste show in the following table:

 Recycle items  Percentage  
Food waste (composite)  29% 
Food waste (feed to animals)  74% 
Plastic bags  2% 
Plastic ( water bottles, containers)  31% 
Paper item  2% 
Cardboards  3% 
Textile  1% 
Tins  37% 
Garden waste  0% 
Wood/charcoal  5% 
Other  0% 

26
About 71% of total households said their solid waste has been sold to the recycling groups while
29% did not sell the solid waste to the recycling group. Some household sold more than one item
of the solid waste. The percentage of household who sold the solid wastes to the recycling group
show in the following table:

Collected items  Percentage  
Food waste (composite)  3% 
Food waste (feed to animals)  19% 
Plastic bags  2% 
Plastic ( water bottles, containers)  85% 
Paper item  5% 
Cardboards  15% 
Textile  1% 
Tins  66% 
Garden waste  0% 
Wood/charcoal  0% 
Other  0% 

About 94%of household said they are not influent by the smoke, gas or bad smells associated
with burning by their neighborhood while 6% said they did. About 80% of those influent
household said they are concerned about the possible health consequences of breathing the
smoke and polluted air and 20% said they are not concerned. The condition of the environment
surrounding the house in the target area show in the following table:

The environment surrounding house  percentage 
Lots of litter visible  5% 
Some paper and plastic bags  40% 
No litter visible  55% 

ix) Health questions

About 18% of total household said their household members have suffered from water-born
diseases such as diarrhea. The frequency of illness is 2.2 per person per year. They spend about
175.635 Riel on treatment of illness per year. About 50% of total household has attended in the
training on health and sanitation in the community while another 50% have not attended in any
training at all.

27
 9. Conclusion
MDG target 10 refers to CMDGs target 7.11: increasing the proportion of urban population with
access to safe water source from 60% in 1998 to 80% in 2015.
MDG target 11 refer to CMDGs targets 7.13: increasing the proportion of urban population with
access to improved sanitation from 49% in 1998 to 74% in 2015

In 1998, about 60% of population in Cambodia had access to safe water supply. The percentage
of household have access to safe water supply has increased to 61.33% in year 2008 for Kampot
Municipality while about 6.82% of total household have access to piped water in Toek Chhu
District.

The result of the current baseline survey of target 10 in Kampot downtown showed that the
percentage of households have access to safe water for drinking in Kampot downtown is about
71% in 2010.The trend is upward but still lower 3% than the target of 74%. The trend will
increase to meet its CMDGs target after the project will be completed.

In 1998, 49 percent of the urban population in Cambodia had access to improved sanitation. The
percentage of household have toilet facility in Kampot Municipality is about 66% of total
household while this only 31% of total household in Toek Chhu District have access toilet
facility.
Result of the current survey of target 11 in Kampot downtown indicated that 75% of total
household have access toilet facility. Linear projection suggests that at this rate, 100 percent of
urban dwellers will have access to improved sanitation which exceeds the targets of 67% in
2010. Progress has been made since then at a pace, which will enable the CMDG targets to be
met by 2015.

In summary, the trend of target 10 is upward but still lower that the target of 74%. The trend
expect to meet its CMDG target after the Water Supply Extension Project will be completed by
installing the piped in three Sangkat/commune in Kampot Municipality and Toek Chhu District.
About 75% of total household have access to improved sanitation which exceeds the target of
67% in 2010. The trend of target 11 is in a good progress, which will enable the CMDG target to
be met by 2015.

28
 Baseline Data Collection on Water and Sanitation
The Mekong Region Water and Sanitation Initiative (MEK-WATSAN)

Province:……………………………………………

Downtown:…………………………………………

Commune:…………………………………………

Village:………………………………………………

Name of the Lead of Family:………………………………………… Male Female

Number of People in the family:…………………. ……Male:………….Female:……………

HH. total monthly income:……………………. HH. total annual income:…………………...

HH. total monthly expenditure:………………. HH. total annual expenditure:……………..

HH. total water related monthly expenditure:……………………..

HH. total water related annual expenditure:………………………

WATER AND SANITATION MODULE
This module is to be administered once for each household visited. Record only one response for each
question. If more than one response is given, record the most usual source or facility.
WS1A. WHAT IS THE MAIN SOURCE OF DRINKING
WATER FOR MEMBERS OF YOUR HOUSEHOLD?
* PLEASE ALSO ASK QUESTION WS1B BEFORE
SKIPPING TO OTHER QUESTIONS
WS1B. WHAT IS THE MAIN SOURCE OF WATER
USED BY YOUR HOUSEHOLD FOR OTHER
PURPOSES SUCH AS COOKING AND HAND
WASHING?
WS2A. HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO GO THERE,
GET WATER, AND COME BACK?
WS
Piped water
Piped into dwelling .................................... 11 11ÖWS5B
Piped into yard or plot ............................... 12
Public tap/standpipe .................................. 13
Tubewell/borehole ......................................... 21
Dug well
Protected well ............................................ 31
Unprotected well ........................................ 32
Water from spring
Protected spring ........................................ 41
Unprotected spring .................................... 42 ÖWS2A
Rainwater collection ...................................... 51
Vendors
Tanker-truck .............................................. 61
Cart with small tank/drum/buckets ............ 71
Power tiller with small
tank/drum/buckets ..................................... 72
Surface water (river, stream, dam, lake,
pond, canal, irrigation channel) ................. 81
Bottled water................................................ 91
Other (specify) _______________________96 96ÖWS3
Piped water
Piped into dwelling .................................... 11 11ÖWS5B
Piped into yard or plot ............................... 12
Public tap/standpipe .................................. 13
Tubewell/borehole ......................................... 21
Dug well
Protected well ............................................ 31
Unprotected well ........................................ 32
Water from spring
Protected spring ........................................ 41 ÖWS2A
Unprotected spring .................................... 42
Rainwater collection ...................................... 51
Vendors
Tanker-truck .............................................. 61
Cart with small tank/drum/buckets ............ 71
Power tiller with small
tank/drum/buckets ..................................... 72
Surface water (river, stream, dam, lake,
pond, canal, irrigation channel) ................. 81
Bottled water................................................ 91
Other (specify) _______________________96 96ÖWS3
Number of minutes .............................. __ __ __
Water on premises .......................................... 1 1ÖWS5B
DK ................................................................... 9
WS2B. HOW FAR IS THE WATER SOURCE FROM
THIS DWELLING?
WS3A. IS THERE A QUEUE WAITING TO GET WATER
DURING THE RAINY SEASON?
WS3B. HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO WAIT IN A
QUEUE TO GET WATER DURING THE RAINY
SEASON?
WS4A. IS THERE A QUEUE WAITING TO GET WATER
DURING THE DRY SEASON?
WS4B. HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO WAIT IN A
QUEUE TO GET WATER DURING THE DRY
SEASON?
WS5A. WHO PRIMARILY COLLECTS DRINKING
WATER FOR THE HOUSEHOLD?
IS THIS PERSON UNDER UNDER AGE 15? WHAT
SEX?
Circle the code that best describes this person.
WS5B. AT WHAT TIME OF THE DAY IS WATER MORE
READY AVAILABLE AT THE WATER SOURCE?
WS6. IS THE LOCATION OF THE SOURCE OF WATER
CONSIDERED SAFE FOR WOMEN AND
CHILDREN?
VOLUME AND PAYMENT FOR DRINKING WATER:
CONSUMERS WITH PIPED WATER CONNECTIONS
WS7A. DOES YOUR HOUSEHOLD HAVE PIPED
WATER CONNECTION?
WS7B. IS YOUR CONNECTION WORKING AT THE
PRESENT TIME?
WS7.1 IS YOUR PIPED WATER METERED?
WS8. WHAT WAS LAST MONTH’S WATER
CONSUMPTION ACCORDING TO THE METER
READING?
WS9. DO YOU PAY FOR YOUR WATER?
WS10. HOW DO YOU PAY FOR YOUR WATER?
WS11. AVERAGE MONTHLY BILL?
Distance in metres............................... __ __ __
DK ................................................................... 9
Yes .................................................................. 1
No .................................................................... 2 2ÖWS4A
Number of minutes .............................. __ __ __
DK ................................................................... 9
Yes .................................................................. 1
No .................................................................... 2 2ÖWS5A
Number of minutes .............................. __ __ __
DK ................................................................... 9
Adult woman.................................................... 1
Adult man ........................................................ 2
Female child (under 15) .................................. 3
Male child (under 15) ...................................... 4
No specific person ........................................... 5
NA or delivered to the house........................... 8
No answer or DK ............................................. 9
Early morning .................................................. 1
Midday ............................................................. 2
Afternoon ......................................................... 3
Late evening .................................................... 4
Anytime ........................................................... 5
DK ................................................................... 9
Yes .................................................................. 1
No, risk of crime .............................................. 2
No, risk of accident……………………………...3 2ÖWS11
No, risk of both crime and accident
Yes .................................................................. 1
No .................................................................... 2 2ÖWS12
Yes ................................................................. 1
No, service has been disconnected
because I did not pay my bill, ...................... 2 2ÖWS12
No, the connection is faulty and we are
waiting to have it repaired ........................... 3 3ÖWS12
No, but there is some other reason why
its not working, (specify) .............................. 4 4ÖWS12
Yes .................................................................. 1
Yes, but not working ........................................ 2 2ÖWS9
No .................................................................... 3 3ÖWS9
No. of cubic meters ............................. __ __ __
Meter is not read/inoperative........................... 8
DK ................................................................... 9
Yes .................................................................. 1
No .................................................................... 2 2ÖWS16
Flat rate per month ......................................... 1
According to monthly consumption ................. 2
Other (Specify) ............................................... 9
Amount (Riels) ............................... __ __ __ __ RIELS
Meter is not read/inoperative....................... 888 ÖWS16
WHO PAYS FOR THE WATER BILL?
CONSUMERS WITHOUT PIPED WATER CONNECTIONS
WS12. HOW MANY BUCKETS OF WATER DO YOU
USE EACH DAY?
Observ the bucket and convert to liter
WS13. DO YOU PAY FOR YOUR WATER?
WS14. HOW DO YOU PAY FOR YOUR WATER?
WHO PAYS FOR THE WATER:
WS15. AMOUNT PAID PER DRUM (200 LITER) OR
DRUM EQUIVALENT?
DISRUPTIONS TO THE WATER SUPPLY
WS16. DID YOU HAVE ANY DISRUPTIONS FROM
YOUR MAIN SOURCE OF DRINKING WATER
DURING THE PAST 2 WEEKS?
WS17. HOW FREQUENT WERE THESE
DISRUPTIONS?
HOUSEHOLD TREATMENT OF DRINKING WATER
WS18A. WHAT IS THE COLOUR OF YOUR DRINKING
WATER?
WS18B. DOES YOUR DRINKING WATER SMELL?
WS19. WHAT DO YOU DO TO THE WATER TO MAKE
IT SAFER TO DRINK?
Ask the respondent to recall the primary and
secondary methods used to make the water
safe to drink.
SOURCE OF WATER FOR CLEANING, WASHING AND BATHING
WS20. IS YOUR SOURCE OF WATER FOR
CLEANING, WASHING, AND BATHING DIFFERENT
FROM YOUR SOURCE OF DRINKING WATER?
Mother:_______________
Father:_______________
Other_____________
Number of buckets ................................... __ __
Yes .................................................................. 1
No .................................................................... 2 2ÖWS16
Pay per drum (200 liter) ................................. 1
Flat rate each week ......................................... 2
Flat rate each month ....................................... 3
Other (specify) ________________________4
Mother:…………………….
Father:……………………..
Other:……………………….
Amount (Riels) .................................... __ __ __
Other forms of payment .............................. 888
Yes .................................................................. 1
No .................................................................... 2 2ÖWS19A
Daily ................................................................ 1
Intermittent most days ..................................... 2
Intermittent several days ................................. 3
Occasional....................................................... 4
Several hours at a time ................................... 5
More than a day .............................................. 2
More than a week ............................................ 6
No water in the past two weeks ...................... 7
NA ................................................................... 8
DK ................................................................... 9
Clear ................................................................ 1
Not clear .......................................................... 2
Other ............................................................... 3
DK ................................................................... 9
Yes, smells of chlorine .................................... 1
Yes, smells bad ............................................... 2
No .................................................................... 3
DK ................................................................... 9
Primary Method: Secondary:
Boil .................................................................. 1 .................. 1
Add bleach/chlorine ......................................... 2 .................. 2
Sieve it through a cloth .................................... 3 .................. 3
Use water filter (ceramic, sand, composite,
etc.) ........................................................... 4 .................. 4
Solar disinfection ............................................. 5 .................. 5
Let it stand and settle ...................................... 6 .................. 6
Other (specify) ________________________7 _________ 7
DK .................................................................. 9 .................. 9
Yes .................................................................. 1
No .................................................................... 2 2ÖWS21B
WS21A. WHAT IS THE MAIN SOURCE OF WATER
USED FOR CLEANING, WASHING, AND BATHING
BY MEMBERS OF YOUR HOUSEHOLD?
WS21B. WHERE DO MEMBERS OF YOUR
HOUSEHOLD BATHE?
WS22. HOW DO YOU DISPOSE OF WATER, WHICH
HAS BEEN USED FOR COOKING, WASHING
DISHES, DOING LAUNDRY AND BATHING?
SANITATION
WS 23 A. DO YOUR FAMILY MEMBERS USE
TOILET?
Piped water
Piped into dwelling .................................... 11
Piped into yard or plot ............................... 12
Public tap/standpipe .................................. 13
Tube-well/borehole ........................................ 21
Dug well
Protected well ............................................ 31
Unprotected well ........................................ 32
Water from spring
Protected spring ........................................ 41
Unprotected spring .................................... 42
Rainwater collection ...................................... 51
Vendors
Tanker-truck .............................................. 61
Cart with small tank/drum/buckets ............ 71
Power tiller with small
tank/drum/buckets ..................................... 72
Surface water (river, stream, dam, lake,
pond, canal, irrigation channel) ................. 81
Bottled water ................................................. 91
Other (specify) _______________________96
No answer or DK ........................................... 99
Private bathroom ............................................. 1
Other’s bathroom............................................. 2
Open air ........................................................... 3
At the stream, river, lake ................................. 4
Other (specify) ________________________5
Piped into soak-away ...................................... 1
Piped into storm drain ..................................... 2
Piped onto street surface or empty space ...... 3
Piped directly to garden .................................. 4
Throw onto street surface or empty space ...... 5
Carry to garden ............................................... 6
Other (specify) ________________________8
Yes………………………………………………1
No………………………………………………..2 Ö SW1
WS23B. WHAT KIND OF TOILET FACILITY DOES
YOUR HOUSEHOLD USE?
If “flush” or “pour flush,” probe:
WHERE DOES IT FLUSH TO?
If necessary, ask permission to observe the
facility.
WS23C. HOW DO YOU EMPTY YOUR PIT LATRINES?
WS24A. IS THIS FACILITY LOCATED WITHIN YOUR
DWELLING, YARD, OR COMPOUND?
WS24B. HOW FAR OUTSIDE THE DWELLING, YARD,
OR COMPOUND IS THIS?
WS24C. HOW FAR FROM THE WELL
WS25. DO CHILDREN UNDER 5 USE THIS
SANITATION FACILITY?
WS26. WHAT HAPPENS WITH THE STOOLS OF
CHILDREN UNDER 5 WHEN THEY DO NOT USE
THE SANITATION FACILITY?
SEWAGE TREATMENT
WS27. WHAT TYPE OF SEWAGE TREATMENT
METHOD DOES THIS HOUSEHOLD USE?
A SEPTIC SYSTEM HAS A SEALED TANK WITH
EFFLUENT TO SOME KIND OF SOAK-AWAY.
Read out the responses. One answer only.
WS28. IS THERE ANY VISIBLE EFFLUENT BEING
DISCHARGED FROM YOUR SANITATION
FACILITY?
Modern latrine with septic tank...................... 11
Pour flush latrine with septic tank.................. 12
Pour flush latrine with no septic tank............. 13
Pit latrine with slab ........................................ 21
Pit latrine without slab/open pit ..................... 22
No facilities or bush or field ........................... 23 23ÖSW1A
Other (specify) _______________________96 96ÖWS24A
No facilities but use public or others’ facilities97 97ÖWS28
Manually .......................................................... 1
Commercial Exhauster .................................... 2
Abandone ........................................................ 3
DK ................................................................... 4
Other (specify) ________________________5
Yes, inside dwelling/yard/compound ............... 1 1ÖWS25
No, outside dwelling/yard/compound .............. 2
Less than 20 metres ........................................ 1
20-50 metres ................................................... 2
50-100 metres ................................................. 3
More than 100 metres ..................................... 4
Less than 30 metres or on the water source... 1
More than 30 metres ....................................... 2
Yes .................................................................. 1 1ÖWS27
No .................................................................... 2 1ÖWS26
NA, no children under 5 .................................. 3 3ÖWS27
Thrown into the latrine ..................................... 1
Thrown outside in the yard .............................. 2
Buried outside in the yard ............................... 3
Not disposed of or left on the ground .............. 4
Other (specify) ________________________5
Soak-away (seepage pit, unlined pit) .............. 1
Cesspit (sealed tank, no effluent).................... 2
Septic system .................................................. 3
Other (specify) ________________________4
Yes .................................................................. 1
No .................................................................... 2 2ÖSW1A
WS29. DOES YOUR SANITATION FACILITY CAUSE
ANY PROBLEMS FOR YOU OR YOUR
NEIGHBOURS?
WS30. WHAT SPECIFIC PROBLEMS ARE CAUSED
BY YOUR SANITATION FACILITY?
Read out the responses. One answer only.
SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL
SW1A. HOW DOES THIS HOUSEHOLD PRIMARILY
DISPOSE OF HOUSEHOLD WASTE THAT IS NOT
COMPOSTED, RECYCLED, OR FED TO THE
ANIMALS?
SW1B. HOW OFTEN IS WASTE COLLECTED?
SW2. ESTIMATE THE AMOUNT OF HOUSEHOLD
WASTE YOU DISPOSE OF EACH DAY (INCLUDE
FOOD WASTE, PLASTICS, PAPER, TINS).
[Estimate volume in terms of plastic bag and
covert to kg]
SW3A. . DOES YOUR HOUSEHOLD CURRENTLY PAY
FOR THE REMOVAL OF SOLID WASTE / RUBBISH
/ GARBAGE?
SW3B. AVERAGE MONTHLY FEE FOR SOLID WASTE
COLLECTION?
SW4. WOULD YOUR HOUSEHOLD WILLING TO PAY
FOR SOLID WASTE COLLECTION?
SW5. HOW MUCH ARE YOU WILLING TO PAY FOR
MONTHLY COLLECTION?
SW6A. DO YOU RECYCLE SOLID WASTE?
SW6B. PLEASE IDENTIFY THE TYPES OF ITEMS
THAT YOU RECYCLE.
Circle all that apply.
SW6C. DO RECYCLING GROUPS/COMPANIES
COLLECT ANY OF YOUR WASTE FOR
Yes .................................................................. 1
No .................................................................... 2 2ÖSW1A
Pooled sewage around the house................... 1
Odors from the facilities are unpleasant to
residents ...................................................... 2
Both pooled sewage and odors....................... 3
SW
Collected by local government/authority ......... 1
Collected by community association ............... 2
Collected by private company ......................... 3
Dumped in the compound ............................... 4
Dumped in the street/vacant plot/drain ........... 5
Burnt in the open ............................................. 6
Buried .............................................................. 7
Other (specify) _______________________ 8
…………times/week
………….times/month
No. of plastic bag each time .......... __ __ .__ __
Yes .................................................................. 1
No .................................................................... 2 2ÖSW4
Amount in Riels…………………..
DK ................................................................... 9 ÖSW6A
Yes .................................................................. 1
No .................................................................... 2 ÖSW6A
Amount in Riels…………………..
DK ................................................................... 9
Yes .................................................................. 1
No .................................................................... 2 2ÖSW6C
Food waste (composting) ................................ 1
Food waste (feed to animals ........................... 2
Plastic bags ..................................................... 3
Plastic (water bottles, containers) ................... 4
Paper items ..................................................... 5
Cardboards...................................................... 6
Textile .............................................................. 7
Tins .................................................................. 8
Garden waste .................................................. 9
Wood/charcoal .............................................. 10
Other (specify) _______________________99
Yes .................................................................. 1
No .................................................................... 2 2ÖSW7
 RECYCLING?
SW6D. WHAT TYPE OF WASTE DO THEY COLLECT?
Circle all that apply.
SW7. DOES THE NEIGHBOURHOOD HAVE SMOKE,
GAS, OR BAD SMELLS ASSOCIATED WITH
BURNING RUBBISH?
SW8. ARE YOU CONCERNED ABOUT THE POSSIBLE
HEALTH CONSEQUENCES OF BREATHING THE
SMOKE AND POLLUTED AIR?
SW9. OBSERVATION: DOES THE FRONT OF THE
2
HOUSE WITHIN AN AREA OF 100M HAVE A
LITTER PROBLEM?
HEALTH
H1. HAVE YOU OR YOUR FAMILY MEMBERS
SUFFERED FROM WATER-BORNE DISEASES
SUCH AS DIARRHOEA, DENGUE?
H2. FREQUENCY OF ILLNESS PER PERSON PER
YEAR?
H3. HOW MUCH MONEY DO YOU SPEND ON
TREATMENT OF ILLNESS PER YEAR?
H4. DID YOUR FAMILY GET ANY HEALTH
AWARENESS RAISING?
Date:
Signature of supervisor
Food waste (composting) ................................ 1
Food waste (feed to animals ........................... 2
Plastic bags ..................................................... 3
Plastic (water bottles, containers) ................... 4
Paper items ..................................................... 5
Cardboards...................................................... 6
Textile .............................................................. 7
Tins .................................................................. 8
Garden waste .................................................. 9
Wood/charcoal .............................................. 10
Other (specify) _______________________99
Yes .................................................................. 1
No .................................................................... 2 2ÖSW9
Yes .................................................................. 1
No .................................................................... 2
Yes, lots of litter visible .................................... 1
Yes, some paper and plastic bags .................. 2
No litter visible ................................................. 3
Yes………………………………………………..1
No…………………………………………………2 2ÖSW9
How many time………………………….
Amount spent……………………………Riel
Yes………………………………………………..1
No…………………………………………………2
Date:
Signature of intherviewer
 List of Enumerators for data collection on water and sanitation indicators
Function in the Group Village, Sangkat to be Number HH to be Number of days
No. Name Sex
Survey surveyed surveyed to be surveyed
1 Pov Sinath F Monitor survey data Sangkat Kampong Kandal 158

2 Ty Kamsan M Surveyor Sovan Sakor village 40 8

3 Ty Vesna M Surveyor Sovan Sakor village 40 8

4 Kum Cheiy M Surveyor Sovan Sakor village 39 8

5 Bun Thorn M Surveyor Sovan Sakor village 39 8

6 Mao Soeun M Monitor Sangkat Krang Ampil 186

7 Ourn Sam Ol F Surveyor Krang village 38 8

8 So Danavy F Surveyor Karang village 37 8

9 Meiy Touch F Surveyor Karang village 37 8

10 Ouk San M Surveyor Svay Thom Village 37 8

11 Sok Sopheap F Surveyor Svay Thom Village 37 8

12 Khhurn Eart M Monitor Sangkat Kampong Bay 112

13 Som Sy Em F Monitor Sangkat Kampong Bay 112

14 Dy Bun Leang M Surveyor Kampong Bay Khang Cheung 42 9

15 Sem Sarath M Surveyor Kampong Bay Khang Cheung 43 9

16 Pen Ratha M Surveyor Kampong Bay Khang Cheung 42 9

17 Sin Hak M Surveyor Kampong Bay Khang Tboung 32 7

18 Toem Kea Ty M Surveyor Kampong Bay Khang Tboung 32 7

19 Chun Srey Touch F Surveyor Kampong Bay Khang Tboung 32 7

20 Yoy Sareth M Monitor Sangkat Ondong Khmer 210

21 Kheng Sokhon F Monitor Sangkat Ondong Khmer 209

22 Hem Saren M Surveyor Tvy Khang Cherng 33 7

23 Koim Bunny M Surveyor Tvey Khang Cherng 33 7

24 Ok Chheun M Surveyor Tvy Khang Cherng 33 7

25 Koim Bun M Surveyor Tvy Khang Tboung 38 8

26 Ma Dol M Surveyor Tvy Khang Tboung 38 8

27 Long Sok M Surveyor Tvy Khang Tboung 37 8

28 Heang Veasna M Surveyor Or Touch 43 9

29 Hang Sean M Surveyor Or Touch 42 9

30 So Chhom M Surveyor Ondong Khmer 28 6

31 Em Kimsophorn M Surveyor Ondong Khmer 28 6

32 Ou Sakhon M Surveyor Ta Deb 33 7

33 Long Thy M Surveyor Ta Deb 33 7

34 Nek Ser M Monitor Sangkat Treuy Koh 178

35 Ser Mert M Surveyor Daun Toak 31 6

36 Pen Sophearith M Surveyor Daun Toak 31 6

37 Ung Kea M Surveyor Ta Ang 46 9

38 Som Sorn F Surveyor Sre 33 7

39 Mea Bunchhoeurn M Surveyor Sre 33 7

40 Thorng Chhel M Monitor Tropang Thom Commune 110

41 Bou Ery M Surveyor Tropang Chrey 27 6

42 Plov Pon M Surveyor Krang 25 5

43 Sun Chy M Surveyor Tropang Thom 28 6

44 Hang Kuyngin M Surveyor Svay Thom 30 6

45 Mei Yoeurn M Monitor Chun Kreal Commune 158

46 Hong Horng M Surveyor Tropang Thom 26 5

47 Sor Veasna M Surveyor Tropang Thom 25 5

48 Touch Bunleang M Surveyor Chum Kreal 36 7

49 Un Sokdany M Surveyor Chum Kreal 35 7

50 Pronh Chhun M Surveyor Samrong 36 7

51 Tet Nan M Monitor Kampong Kreng Commune 79

52 Mam Lida M Surveyor Prey Thnot 29 6

53 Ouch Thorn M Surveyor Kampong Kreng 50 10

54 Sot Soeurn M Monitor Mak Prang Commune 120

55 Keng Puthrea M Surveyor Snom Prampi 40 8

56 Pheang Phanith M Surveyor Snom Prampi 40 8

57 Koy Vanthy F Surveyor Snom Prampi 40 8