POWER STEERING

SUBMITTED BY: AAKASH M FOURTH YEAR MECHANICAL

ABSTRACT
Larger tires having weight on vehicles make the car more difficult in parking. so the driver has to apply greater physical strength for driving the vehicles. To over come this difficulty, power assisted steering has been introduced

INTRODUCTION
When a car is steered manually, the driver has to supply all the steering effort. The front wheels are turned to the right or left as per the will of he driver through the mechanical advantage of the steering gear and the linkage. Larger tires having weight on vehicles make the car more difficult in parking. so the driver has to apply greater physical strength for driving the vehicles. To over come this difficulty, power assisted steering has been introduced

Automobiles do not have full power steering. They have only power assisted steering, called power steering. The car cannot be steered when the engine falls or the power steering system falls with out mechanical connection between the steering wheel and the front wheels. The car can be steered manually when the power assist is not available. This power steering system uses compressed air, electrical devices, and hydraulic pressure. Some are air operated power steering. But, today also hydraulic oil pressure is used in all cars and most trucks having power steering systems

WORKING PRINCIPLE
The power steering consist of a fluid reservoir, hydraulic pump, hydraulic pump, hydraulic ram, control valve, steering shaft and steering wheel. The engine driven by hydraulic pumps supply oil under pressure from the oil reservoir to the feed lines.

A hydraulic control valve provided below the steering measures the input pressure at the steering wheel. Then the pressure is converted in to the hydraulic ram. When the steering wheel is stationary the oil will exert the same pressure on both sides of the piston and retain the piston at rest. When the driver turns the steering wheel, the control valve is moved by the steering arm

At that time, one of the ports closes while the other one opens. A high pressure oil enters one side there by moving the piston. Then this movement f the piston actuates the steering linkage to move in the required direction This system is used n big cars and heavy commercial vehicles.

The main difference between power steering and annual steering system is a power booster is attached to assist the driver. The booster is operated when the steering shaft turns. When the steering effort exceeds a certain force, the booster will carry and gives most of the force required for steering.

In this case, a hydraulic pressure is supplied by a pump continually. When the steering wheel turns, valves are actuated by this hydraulic pressure to a cylinder. Then this pressure makes the piston to move and provides most of the steering force.

REQUIRMENT OF POWER STEERING WITH SUTABE STEERING FORCE

Although power steering is a mechanism used for reducing steering effort, the effort should be varied with the driving conditions .

Usually, more steering effort is required hen the vehicle stops or moves at low speed. At middle range speeds, less steering effort is required when the vehicle speed increases. Less steering effort is required during high speed driving. Many models having power steering with special devices on the pump and the gear housing to ensure the proper steering effort

ADVANTAGE
Steering effort is decreased by increasing the gear ratio of the steering gear.

APPLICATION
This system is used in big cars and heavy commercial vehicles. It is vary much suitable for low speed and the vehicle for paring purpose while reversing

REFERENCE
AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERINGG.K.VIJAYARAGHAVAN, S.SUNDARAVALLI