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Area
Areas of some well-known figures are given below:
S.
No

Name

Perimeter in
units of
length

Figure

Do You Know?
Area in
square units

Square:
Diagonal = a
Rectangle:

1.

Rectangle

2(a + b)

ab

a = length
b = breadth

2.

4a

1
(diagonal)2
2

3.

Parallelogra
m

a 2 + b2

The

diagonals

teach

other.

bisec

Sum

of

adjacent angles = 180

Rhombus:
The

a
b

Diagonal =

Parallelogram:

Square
a = side

diagonals

cut

at

right angles

a2 = (

a = side
b = side adjacent to a
h = distance between
the opp. parallel sides

2(a + b)

ah

1 2
1
d1) + ( d2)2
2
2

a
d1
a

Rhombus

d2

1
d1d2
2

a = side of rhombus;
d1,d2 are the two
diagonals

4.

4a

Quadrilateral
Parallelogram
Rectangle
Square

T
r
a
p
e
z
i
u
m

D
h1
h2
A

Quadrilateral

AC is one of
diagonals and h1,
are the altitudes
AC
from
D,
respectively.

its
h2
on
B

Sum of its
four sides

1
(AC) (h1 +
2
h2)

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b
h

Trapezium

a, b, are parallel sides

and h is the distance
between parallel sides

6.

Triangle

1
h(a + b)
2

h
b

7.

Sum of its four

sides

b is the base and h is

the altitude.
a, b, c are three sides

a + b + c = 2s
where s is the
semi perimeter.

1
bh
2
or
s(s a)(s b)(s c)

of .

8.

Right
triangle

b+h+d

1
bh
2

d(hypotenuse)
b 2 + h2

9.

Equilateral
triangle

(i)
a

3a

a = side

(ii)

10.

3 2
a
4

3
a
2

h = altitude =

Isosceles
triangle

1
ah
2

2a + c

c 4a 2 c 2
4

2a + d

1 2
a
2

c = unequal side
a = equal side
d

11.

d(hypotenuse)
Isosceles
right triangle

=a 2

a = Each of equal
sides.
The angles are 90o,
45o, 45o.
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12.

Circle

2r

r2

r + 2r

1 2
r
2

(R2 r2)

r = radius of the circle

=

13.

Semicircle

22
or 3.1416
7

r = radius of the circle

14.

Ring
(shaded
region)

R
r

R = outer radius
r = inner radius

l + 2r

15.

Sector of a
circle

l
o = central angle of

the sector
r = radius of the
sector l = length of

where l =

2r
360

r2
360

the arc
Ex.1 A horizontal pipe for carrying floodwater
has diameter 1 m. When water in it is 10 cm
deep then the width of water surface AB is equal
A
to
________ cm.
(1) 10 cm
(2) 25 cm
(3) 60 cm
(4) 70 cm
(5) None
100
Sol. Let O be the centre of circle.
O
In OAD

502 = 402 + x2
2
2500 1600 = x
x2 = 900
x = 30

50 cm
A

B 10 cm

40 cm 50 cm

D x

10 cm

AB = 2x = 60 cm. Answer: (3)

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Ex.2 Area of the shaded region is

4 3 3 4 2
r
(1)
4
4 3 3 + 4 2
r
4
(5) None of these

(3)

Sol.

4 8 3 2
(2)
r
4
(4)

4 3 3 4 2
r
4

Area of the semi-hexagonal patch =

Area of the semi-square patch =

o
60o 60

3 3 2 3 3 2
1

r =
r
2
2
4

2r

= r2

2
Area of shaded region = r2 r2
=

( 4 4 3 3 ) 2
r.
4

3 3 2
r
4
Answer: (1)

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MENION

Nature
S. No

of the
solid

Shape of the solid

Lateral/

Total surface

curved
surface area

area

Volume

1.

Cuboid

2h (l + b)

2(lb + bh + lh)

lbh

Volume

Abbreviations
Used

l = length
b = breath
h = height

a
2

4a
2.

Cube

6a

2 (area of one
end) + lateral
surface area

Area of

a = length of
edge

a
a

3.

(perimeter of

Right
prism

base)
Height

base
height

4.

Right
circular
cylinder

2rh

of the base)

Right
pyramid

(slant height)

Right
circular
cone

Area of the
base + lateral
surface area

r l

r(l + r)

h = height of
the cylinder

1
(Area of
3
base)
height

6.

r2h

1
(Perimeter
2

5.

2r(r + h)

r = radius of
base

1 2
r h
3

h = height
r = radius
l = slant height

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S.
No

Nature of
the solid

Shape of the
solid

Lateral/
curved
surface area

Total surface
area

Volume

Abbreviations
Used

r = radius

7.

4 3
r
3

4r2

Sphere

r = radius

8.

2r2

Hemisphere

2 3
r
3

3r2

R = outer radius
r = inner radius

R
r

9.

Spherical

4 (R r )

4
(R3r3)
3

shell

10.

Volume of
bucket

h 2 2
(R + r + Rr)
3

R = larger radius
r = smaller
radius
h = height

Length of a diagonal:
The length of diagonal of a cuboid =
The length of a diagonal of a cube = a

l2 + b

+ h

Ex.1 An insect is crawling to climb a 20 metre long pipe of diameter 3.5 metres. If the insect take 4
circular rounds to reach the top of the building, then what will be total distance (in nearer
metres) traveled by insect to reach the top?
(1) 47 m
Sol.

(2) 48 m

(3) 49 m

(4) 50 m

Since the insect is moving in circular way, so it will cover the distance which will be 4 times the distance
of the longest side AB of a right angled triangle. In the figure AO is equal to the circumference of the
pipe.
AO = d =

22
x3.5 = 11 m
7

BO = 5 m
AB =

112 + 5 2 =

146 = 12.08 m

Total distance traveled = 12.08 4 = 48.32 m

Hence distance in nearer meters = 48 m

B
5
A

2r

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Ex.2 The surface area of a cube is 726 sq metres. Find the volume of the cube.
(1) 1234 m2
Sol.

(2) 1431 m2

(3) 1341 m

(4) 1331 m

(5) None of these

Surface area S = 726 m Volume V = ?

In a cube,
S = 6a2 = 726 a2 = 121 a = 11 m
So, V = a3 = 113 = 1331 m3.

Answer: (4)

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