Perimeter, Area, and Volume

1. The perimeter of a polygon (or any other closed curve, such as a circle) is the
distance around the outside.

2. The area of a simple, closed, planar curve is the amount of space inside.

3. The volume of a solid 3D3D shape is the amount of space displaced by it.

Some formulas for common 22 -dimensional plane figures and 33 -dimensional solids
are given below. The answers have one, two, or three dimensions; perimeter is
measured in linear units , area is measured in square units , and volume is
measured in cubic units .
Table 11 . Perimeter Formulas

Shape Formula Variables

ss is the
length of
Square P=4sP=4s the side of
the
square.

LL and W
W are the
lengths of
the
Rectangle P=2L+2WP=2L+2W rectangle'
s sides
(length
and
width).

a,ba,b ,
Triangle a+b+ca+b+c and cc ar
e the side
lengths.

aa and bb 
Right Triangle, with are the
legs aa and bb (see  P=a+b+a2+b2−−−− lengths of
Pythagorean −−√P=a+b+a2+b2 the two
Theorem ) legs of the
triangle
 rr is the
radius
Circle
P=C=2πr=πdP=C=2πr
and dd is
=πd
the
diameter.
 

Table 2. Area Formulas

Shap Variabl
Formula
e es

ss is
the
Squa length
re A=s2A=s2 of the
side of
the
square.

LL and 
WW ar
e the
lengths
Rect   of the
angle A=LWA=LW rectang
le's
sides
(length
and
width).

bb and 
hh are
Trian the
gle
A=12bhA=12bh
base
and
height

A=s(s−a)(s−b)(s−c)−−−−−−−−− aa , bb 
Trian
gle −−−−−−−−−√where  s=a + b +  ,
c2A=s(s−a)(s−b)(s−c)where  s=a + b + c2 and cc 
 are the
side
lengths
and ss i
s the
semipe
rimeter

bb is
the
length
Parall   of the
elogr
am
A=bhA=bh base
and hh 
is the
height.

b1b1 a
nd b2b
2 are
the
lengths
of the
parallel
Trap sides
ezoid
A=b1 + b22hA=b1 + b22h and hh 
the
distanc
e
(height)
betwee
n the
parallel
s.

Circle A=πr2A=πr2 rr is the

radius.
 

Table 3. Volume Formulas

Shape Formula Variables

 Cube
V=s3V=s3 ss is the length of the
side.

LL is the
Right
Rectangular V=LWHV=LWH length, WW is the
Prism width and HH is the
height.

Prism or AA is the area of the

Cylinder
V=AhV=Ah
base, hh is the height.

Pyramid or AA is the area of the

Cone
V=13AhV=13Ah
base, hh is the height.

Sphere V=43πr3V=43πr3 rr is the radius.