Perimeter, Area, and Volume

1. The perimeter of a polygon (or any other closed curve, such as a circle) is

the distance around the outside.

2. The area of a simple, closed, planar curve is the amount of space inside.

3. The volume of a solid 3D3D shape is the amount of space displaced by it.

Some formulas for common 22 -dimensional plane figures and 33 -
dimensional solids are given below. The answers have one, two, or three
dimensions; perimeter is measured in linear units , area is measured
in square units , and volume is measured in cubic units .
Table 11 . Perimeter Formulas

Variable
Shape Formula
s

ss is the
length of
Square P=4sP=4s the side
of the
square.

LL and 
WW are
the
lengths
Rectangle P=2L+2WP=2L+2W of the
rectangle
's sides
(length
and
width).

a,ba,b ,
and cc ar
Triangle a+b+ca+b+c e the
side
lengths.
 aa and b
Right Triangle, b are the
with P=a+b+a2+b2−− lengths
legs aa and bb (se −−− of the
e Pythagorean −√P=a+b+a2+b2 two legs
Theorem ) of the
triangle

rr is the
radius
Circle
P=C=2πr=πdP=C=
and dd is
2πr=πd
the
diameter.
 

Table 2. Area Formulas

Sha Variab
Formula
pe les

ss is
the
length
Squ
A=s2A=s2 of the
are
side of
the
square
.
Rect   LL an
angl A=LWA=LW d WW 
e
are
the
length
s of
the
rectan
gle's
 sides
(length
and
width).

bb an
d hh a
Trian re the
gle
A=12bhA=12bh
base
and
height

aa , b
b ,
and cc 
are
A=s(s−a)(s−b)(s−c)−−−−−− the
Trian −−−−−−−−−−−−√where   side
gle length
s=a + b + c2A=s(s−a)(s−b)(s−c)where   s
s=a + b + c2 and ss 
is the
semip
erimet
er

bb is
the
length
Para   of the
llelo base
gram
A=bhA=bh
and h
h is
the
height.
Trap A=b1 + b22hA=b1 + b22h b1b1 a
ezoi nd b2b
d
2 are
the
 length
s of
the
paralle
l sides
and h
h the
distan
ce
(height
)
betwe
en the
paralle
ls.

Circl rr is
e
A=πr2A=πr2 the
radius.
 

Table 3. Volume Formulas

Shape Formula Variables

Cube V=s3V=s3 ss is the length of

the side.

LL is the
Right
Rectangular
V=LWHV=LW length, WW is the
Prism H width and HH is
the height.

AA is the area of

Prism or
Cylinder
V=AhV=Ah the base, hh is the
height.

Pyramid or V=13AhV=13Ah AA is the area of

 the base, hh is the
Cone
height.

Sphere
V=43πr3V=43πr rr is the radius.
3