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Windows 2000 Network Load Balancing: Troy Reavis Jr. Support Engineer Product Support Services Microsoft Corporation
Windows 2000 Network Load Balancing: Troy Reavis Jr. Support Engineer Product Support Services Microsoft Corporation
Troy Reavis Jr. Support Engineer Product Support Services Microsoft Corporation
Availability
Heartbeat
Load Balancing/Performance
Scalability
Multiple, distinct applications Maximum of two systems/nodes Example uses: SQL, databases, and so on
Balance IP traffic across nodes TCP/IP and related protocols only Maximum of 32 systems/nodes Example uses: HTTP, FTP, and so on
Windows 2000 Advanced Server or Windows 2000 Datacenter Server 1 MB of disk space and 4 MB of RAM TCP/IP Protocol FDDI, Ethernet LAN, or Gigabit Ethernet Hosts must reside on same subnet Only enabled on one NIC per machine
NLB resides between NIC driver TCP/IP Each packet coming in goes to every node Nodes will drop packets according to rules and algorithm
Unicast Mode
Single MAC address used MAC used is virtual/shared MAC Always starts with 02-bf Cant communicate with other nodes on NIC with NLB installed Default setting
Multicast Mode
Uses both virtual/shared MAC and dedicated MAC Virtual MAC always starts with 03-bf Ability to communicate with other nodes on NIC that NLB is installed
Layer 2 switches work at MAC address level Registry changes to keep Layer 2 switches from learning shared MAC address Layer 3 switches work at IP address level Because NLB relies on shared IP Layer 3 wont work
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Convergence
Distributed mechanism for determining cluster status Also for adjusting load distribution Convergence begins when:
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Heartbeat
Each host broadcasts a 1.5 KB heartbeat packet once a second (configurable) If one node misses five heartbeats convergence starts for remaining nodes (configurable)
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Affinity
Affinity Load Balancing Granularity Individual TCP connections All connections originating from the same source Hashed on Used for
None
Most applications
Single
Session support, SSL, and multi-connection protocols (i.e., FTP, PPTP, and so on)
Class C
Properly handling sessions for users residing behind scaling proxy arrays
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Primary IP address is clusterwide virtual IP address Subnet mask is mask for primary IP Full Internet name should resolve to primary IP Network address is MAC used for all nodes
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Priority ranks host in cluster Initial forces host to join cluster at boot Dedicated IP is IP other than virtual IP for cluster Subnet mask is mask for dedicated IP
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Describes how NLB filters traffic for specific ports Three possible filtering modes:
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Help Displays help information Setup Runs nlb setup dialog Reload Reload nlb parameters Start/Stop Affects nlb operation to host Enable/Disable x Affects traffic to port x on host Query Reports cluster status Display Displays extensive status information, parameters, and event log messages
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AliveMsgPeriod period between I am alive messages broadcast by each host AliveMsgTolerance number of periods to wait before declaring a host dead MaskSourceMAC - Set to 1 (default) if running on a switch in unicast mode, set to 0 if running on a hub uplinked to a switch
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