Professional Documents
Culture Documents
The
Monday, June 11 - 17 , 2012
http://www.thevoicemyanmar.com
Vol.8 / No.25
xdkif;EdkifiHc&D;pOf
a&TYqdkif;&jcif;ESifU
ywfouf
EdkifiHawmforwHk;
owif;xkwfjyef
pm 26
Weekly
2013
urmhpD;yGm;a&;zdk&rf
jrefrmEkdifiH
usif;y&efurf;vSrf;rI
WEF tBuD;tuJ
oabmwl
pm 5
VOICE
The
jrefrmUa&eHESifU
obm0"mwfaiGY
a&mif;csaiGrsm;
&efyHkaiGxlaxmif&ef
pwpf*vpfwkdufwGef;
pm 3
"mwfyHk - atmifatmifxGef;
MARKET
xHk;
auo&mZmjcaoFrh if;wHqyd yf g
wpfaxmifusyfwefaiGpuLudk 1998
ckEpS ?f qifjzLawmfwq
H yd yf g ig;axmif
usyfwefaiGpuLudk 2009ckESpfwGif
d k u f E S d y f N yD ; oH k ; ES p f c ef Y t MumwG i f
aemufxyfaiGpuLopf xyfay:vm
jcif;jzpfonf/
jynfaxmifpk0efBuD;rsm;? A[dk
bPfwm0ef&Sdolrsm;u jrefrmaiG
ydkaysmh? wefzdk;enf;vma&;tvdk&Sd
aMumif;ajymqkdaepOf tjyma&mifay:
vG i f r nh f usyf w pf a omif ; wef u d k
ZGefv 15&ufaeYwGif pwifxkwfa0
rnfjzpfaMumif; wpfywfBudKwif
today;aMunmcJhonf/
naeydkif; 6em&Dowif;rsm;
aMunmtNyD; em&Dydkif;twGif;wGifyif
tar&duefa':vmESifh jrefrmusyfaiG
vJEeI ;f kww
f &ufusoGm;onf/ wpf
AkdvfcsKyfkyf&Sifjzpfajrmufa&;aumfrwDokdh
uefhuGufpmykdh
pm 9
pm 4
&rnf;oif;a&Tvkyfom;rsm;
&efukefwGif qEjyrnf[kqdk
pm 26
VOICE
The
LOCAL
VOICE
The
ENERGY
jref
ausmufjzL-ulrif; pGrf;tifydkufvkdif;
50 &mcdkifEIef;NyD;pD;[kqdk
VOICE
The
LOCAL
NEWS MAKER
EDITORIAL
The
VOICE
Weekly
The Product of
Myanmar
Partners
Think Tank
Group
(A Sister
Publication of
Living Color
Magazine)
a':atmifqef;pkMunfar;cGef;xkwf
&efukef? ZGef 6
jynfaxmifpktqifUtzGJYtpnf;rsm;\
ajymcGifU&yk*Kdvfrsm; pm&if;xkwfjyef
Chief Editor - Kyaw Min Swe, Editor in-charge-Zeya Thu, Managing Editor-Kyaw Naing,
Senior Executive Editors - Khine Cho Zaw Win Tin, Zin Zin Thaw, Thiri Zaw, Nwet Kay Khine,
Executive Editors - Kyaw San Min, Tin Aung Kyaw, Editor-Mya Hnin Aye, Contributing Editor-Thu Rein Hlaing @ Khunn Thu,
Graphic Editors -Myo Htoo Htet, Ngu War Khine, Soe Han, Hein Tint, Chief Reporter -Naing Min Wai, Photo Editor-Moe Kyaw Lwin,
Editorial Secretary- Aung Soe, Foreign Affairs - Aung Kyaw Soe (Desk Editor), Tin Aye Kyaw, Thant Zin Soe, Aung Nyein Chan,
Editorial Assistant- Swe Nyein Aye, Chan Nyein Phyu, Mandalay Correspondent- Tin Linn,
Senior Reporters-Min Myo, Moe Khine, Kyu Kyu Thin (Moe Myay), Min Htet San, Kyi Kyi Lwin, Zin Mar Lar Htay @ Green,
Kyaw Swar Soe, Aung Bo Bo Shein, Junior Reporters - Pyae Phyo Lin, Aung Myint Htun, Nyein Thu Aung, Aung Aung Tun, Zay Nway Tun,
Thazin Oo,Min Thu Khaing(Nay Pyi Daw),Ye Win Naing, Aye Thanda Tun(Mandalay),Kan Zaw, Le Yee Myint, Freelance Reporters Min Thura, Han Htet @ Myo Aung (Dawei), Ei Mon Aung, Saw Kyaw Win, Kyaw Thu Myint,
Thi Ha Phone Mo (Magway), (Mandalay)-YuKiKo, Min Min Soe, Htet Htet Kyaw, Win Shwe Yi Oo, Kyaw Thura Myo,
Designer - Thein Aung Htut, Production - Aung Kyaw Sann (Manager) , Soe Win Zaw
DTP - Ma Khine (Manager), Cho Cho Zin, Khin Mar Myint, Kyi Chan Hnin,
Finance - Pe Aung Zin(Genernal Manager), San Thida (Manager), Htet Htet Nyein (Deputy Manager),
Saw Thandar Aye (Assistant Manager), HR
Marketing - Kyaw Than (Manager), Phyu Phyu Thi (Deputy Manager), Min Aung, Pyae Phyo Aung, Nu Nu Nge, Shwe Sin Tun,
Distribution - Htet Khaung (Manager), Khin Myo Chit (Deputy Manager), Jack Too Too, Htet Aung, Receptionist - Su Eindray Oo,Lai Yee Oo
Web Administrator - Hein Aung Zaw (Yangonese!) Website - www.thevoicemyanmar.com, Publisher - Daw Khin Kywe Oo (4099),
Office -No (458-460), 4th Floor (E) Mahabandula Road, Between 31st Street and 32nd Street Pabaedan Township, Yangon.
Tel: 242424, 389210, 389211
Marketing - 01 242424, 09 5176835, Hot Line - 09 421107770, Distribution - 09 421006579
E-mail-Admin; Chief Editor : c-editor@thevoiceweekly.net, News Room : newsroom@thevoiceweekly.net,
Press- Hnit Thit Oo Printing House Nawaday Cinema Compound , MayangoneTsp,Yangon.
LOCAL
VOICE
The
FOREIGN AFFAIRS
Edk
TRANSPORT
rE a v;Nrd K U uRJ q nf u ef
ta0;ajy;,mOf&yfem;pcef;0if;tajcpdu
k f
&efukefNrdKUawmfodkY xGufcGmrnfh Aircon Bus ,mOf r sm;tm;vH k ; \
,mOfa&SUcef;,mOfarmif;vufudkif
teD;&Sd 'uf&Sfbkwfay:wGif wyfqif
xm;onfhtao;pm; armfeDwm TV
rsm;udkjzKwf&ef ZGefv 1 &ufaeY wGif
wk d i f ; a'oBuD ; ,mOf v k d i f ; rsm;
BuD;MuyfuyG u
f JraI umfrwD (ta0;ajy;)
u nTefMum;xm;onf[k NrdKUjyifc&D;
oGm;*dwfrsm;xHrSpHkprf;od&Sd&onf/
Air-con Bus ,mOfrsm;&St
d ao;
pm;armfew
D m TV ukjd zKwf&efneT Mf um;&
jcif;rSm NyD;cJo
h nfh arvwGif GI Group
um;toif;\ Air-con Bus ,mOf
wpfpD;onf &efukefrS rEav;odkY
tjrefvrf;rBuD;twkid ;f xGucf mG vmpOf
rkdifwkdiftrSwf 258 wGif a&SUrSarmif;
ESifaeaom 0g;wifum; GMC udk
aemufu t&Sdefjzifh0ifaqmihfojzifh
Air-con Bus ay:yg ,mOfarmif;ESpO
f ;D
ESifh ,mOfaemufvkdufwpfOD;? a&SUcHk
xkid cf &D;onfwpfO;D wkYd aoqH;k cJ&h onfh
&efukef-aejynfawmf-rEav;
tjref v rf ; rBuD ; ud k 2011 ck E S p f
ESpfOD;ydkif;wGif zGifhvSpfcJhNyD; ,mOf
tE & m,f rMumcPBuH K &ojzif h
,mOf B uD ; Muyf r I a umf r wD r sm;u
,mOf t E & m,f u if ; a&;twG u f
rMumcPowday;ae&onf[k if;wdYk
xHrS od&Sd&onf/
n
ZGev
f 1 &ufaeYxd usi;f yjyKvyk cf o
hJ nfh
urmph ;D yGm;a&;zd&k rf ajymMum;cJo
h nf/
jrefrmEkid if w
H iG f Edik if aH &;tajymif;
tvJrsm;jzpfay:NyD;aemuf &if;ESD;jrKyf
ESHrIrsm;jyKvkyf&ef EkdifiHwumrS pdwf
0ifpm;vsu&f NdS yD; rMumrDtcsed t
f wGi;f
EdkifiHjcm; &if;ESD;jrKyfESHrIOya'xGuf&Sd
zG,f&SdaMumif;? EdkifiHjcm;aiGvJvS,f
onfhpepftajymif;tvJrsm;jzpfay:
vsuf&adS Mumif;? tpd;k &taejzifv
h nf;
EdkifiHjcm;&if;ESD;jrKyfESHrIrsm; zdwfac:
INSTITUTIONAL
yk*vduavaMumif;vdkif;wpfck ESpfwdk;vpmuwdazmufzsuf
&efukef? ZGef 5
emrnfausmyf *k v
u
d jynfwGif;
avaMumif;vdkif;wpfckonf 0efxrf;
rsm;udk ESpw
f dk;vpmtjzpf vpm\ 10
&mcdkifEIef;udk 2012 ckESpf Zefe0g&Dv
1 &ufaeYwGif pwifwdk;ay;rnfqdk
aomuwdudk azmufzsufcJhaMumif;
tqdyk gavaMumif;vdik ;f rS 0efxrf;rsm;
u ajymMum;onf/
]]ESpfwdk;vpmay;r,fqdkwmudk
0efxrf;wdkif;xH w&m;0ifHk;pmeJY
INFRASTRUCTURE
rEav;NrdKYopfpDrHudef; a':vmESpfbDvD,Hukefusrnf[kqdk
rEav;? ZGef 3
pufrEI iS [
hf w
dk ,fZek rf sm;yg0ifrnfh rEav;NrdKUopfprD u
H ed ;f wnfaqmufa&;twGuf tar&duefa':vmESpb
f D
vD,HcefYukefusrnfjzpfaMumif; ZGefv 2 &ufaeYwGifusif;yonfh rEav;zGHUNzdK;wkd;wufa&;trsm;ydkif
ukrPDzGJUpnf;a&;aqG;aEG;yGJwGif tqkdygpDrHudef;azmfaqmifol or0g,rbPfOu| OD;cifarmifat;u
ajymMum;onf/
tqkyd gpDru
H ed ;f wnfaqmufryI ikd ;f wGit
f pk;d &ykid ;f u &if;ES;D jrKyEf rHS yI g0ifjcif;r&Sb
d J yk*v
u
d ykid ;f uom trsm;ydik f
ukrPDzGJUpnf;um&S,f,mwpfcv
k Qif tenf;qH;k usyw
f pfaomif;owfrSwf 2012 ckESpf ESpfukefwGif tpk&S,f,m
rsm; pwifvufcHaqmif&GufrnfjzpfaMumif;? ,if;tjyif EkdifiHjcm;&if;ESD;jrKyfESHrIrsm;udkvnf; zdwfac:
aqmif&GufoGm;&ef&SdaMumif; if;uqdkonf/
NrdKUopfprD u
H ed ;f udk tif;0NrdKUteD;wGiw
f nfaqmuf&ef a&G;cs,x
f m;NyD; o,f,yl Ykdaqmifa&;wGif t"duusonfh
{&m0wDjrpfab;wGif wnf&jdS cif;? tjynfjynfqidk &f mavqdyEf iS hf &efuek f -rEav; tjrefvrf;rBuD;ab; wnf&jdS cif;
ponfh tm;omcsufrsm;aMumihf ,if;ae&mukda&G;cs,fjcif;jzpfaMumif; OD;cifarmifat;u xyfrHajymMum;onf/
tqkdygpDrHudef;ESifhqufpyfwHwm;OD;NrdKUe,f acsmif;cGaus;&Gm0ef;usif? wHwm;OD;-NrdKUomum;vrf;ab;?
oli,fawmfbkef;BuD;ausmif;0ef;usifESifhul;wdkYqdyfaus;&Gm0ef;usif&dS ajruGurf sm;ta&mif;t0,fjzpfvsuf&SdNyD;
ajrwpf{uvQifusyfodef;wpf&mausmfcefYtxd aps;aygufvsuf&SdaMumif;? ajr0,fa&mif;wpfOD;vQif ajr{u
200 cefYxd&if;ESD;jrKyfESHrIjyKvkyfxm;aMumif; wHwm;OD;a'ocHESifh ajr0,fa&mif;rsm;xHu pHkprf;od&Sd&onf/
]]pDrHudef;vkyfr,fMum;vdkY v,fajrawGawmfawmfrsm;rsm;0,fxm;Muwm/ wpf{uodef; 50 avmufudk
0,fMuwmrsm;w,f}} [k rEav;NrdKU tdrf? NcH? ajr&if;ESD;jrKyfESHolwpfOD;uqkdonf/
pDru
H ed ;f {&d,mtwGi;f v,fajrrsm;yg0ifrnfjzpfNy;D awmiforl sm;ESihf nEd iId ;f avsmaf Mu;ay;oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;?
v,fajr0,f,x
l m;onfh 0,fa&mif;rsm;udrk l avsmaf Mu;ay;rnfr[kwaf Mumif; OD;cifarmifat;u ajymMum;onf/ n
taMumif;Mum;xm;wmyg/ tckxd
ray;ao;bl;}} [k tqdyk gavaMumif;
vdkif;rS t&m&SdwpfOD;u &Sif;jyonf/
avaMumif ; vd k i f ; rsm;wG i f
vkyu
f ikd v
f su&f adS om tvkyo
f rm;rsm;
rSm avaMumif;vdkif;rsm;\ oabm
obm0t& em;&uf r &S d o jzif h
owfrSwfxm;aom tvkyfcsdefxuf
ausmfvGefum tvkyfvkyfudkifMu&
aomfvnf; tcsdefydkvkyftm;cudkrl
enf;yg;pGm &&SMd uaMumif; avaMumif;
vdkif;tvkyform;rsm;u qdkonf/
]]pD e D , m Mechanic &mxl ;
wpfa,mufukd yHrk eS t
f vkycf sed f wpfem&D
oHk;a':vmay;w,fqdk&if tcsdefydk
tvkyt
f wGuf wpfa':vm avmufyaJ y;
w,f/ ig;a':vm&wJh 0efxrf;qdk&if
vnf; tcsdefydk wpfa':vmyJ&w,f}}
[k emrnfausmaf vaMumif;vdik ;f wpfcrk S
tif*sief ,
D mwpfO;D u ajymMum;onf/
]]tcsdeyf q
kd v
kd Ykd emrnfavmufyJ
&wmyg}} [k avaMumif;vdkif;wpfckrS
tvkyform;wpfOD;u &Sif;jyonf/
tqdyk gudp& yfrsm;ESihf ywfouf
The Voice Weekly u ,if ;
avaMumif;vdik ;f xH tBurd Bfurd q
f ufo,
G f
ar;jref;cJah omfvnf; wm0ef,al jzMum;
ay;rnfholr&Sday/
n
MARKET
uGufta&mif;t0,fat;NyD; aps;EIef;
jyKwfus&jcif;rSm aejynfawmf tdrf?
NcH? ajraps;uGufwGif vma&muf&if;
ES;D jrKyfEo
HS nfh &efuek ?f rEav;? vm;d;I
wdkYrS vkyfief;&Sifrsm;onf um;aps;
uGufbufodkY 0ifa&muf&if;ESD;jrKyfESH
jcif;aMumifjh zpfaMumif; if;uqdo
k nf/
aejynfawmf tdrf? NcH? ajr
vuf&Sdaps;uGufwGif t0,fr&Sdonfh
twGuf ajruGufrsm;udk aygifESHum
aiGzvS,foHk;ae&NyD; ajruGufayguf
aps;owfrSwfcsufyif r&Sdoavmuf
jzpfaeaMumif; aejynfawmf tdrf? NcH?
ajrtusKd;aqmifvkyfief;&SifwpfOD;
jzpf o l OD ; ouf E d k i f u ajymMum;
onf/
n
VOICE
The
LOCAL
EMPLOYMENT
cvpmjyemjzifh arvtwGif; pufHk 50 ausmfwGif qEjyrIqufwkdufjzpfay:cJhaom jrefrmEkdifiH 0efBuD;? 'kwd,0efBuD;rsm;ESifh tvkyform;ta&;aqmif&Gufolrsm; 0ifa&mu
&muff
vkyf ndEIdif;ay;rIaMumifh ZGefv 5 &ufESifh 6 &ufaeY ESpf&uftwGif; pufHk 10 HkeD;yg;tvkyform;jyemajyvnfrI&&SdoGm;NyDjzpfaMumif; vIdifom,mpufrIZkeftwGif;rS pHkprf;od&Sd&onf/
puft
kH rsm;pkEiS hf tjcm;puft
kH csKdUrSm
ajyvnfrI&&Sdaomfvnf; zdeyfpufHk
rsm;wGifrl ndEIdif;rItqifrajyao;
aMumif; a&SUaeOD;aX;uqkdonf/
]]0efBuD;awG vmndEIdif;ay;wJh
aeYrSm pufHkckepfHkavmuf tqif
ajyw,f/ raeYu pufHkwpfHktqif
ajyw,f}}[k if;u ZGefv 7 &ufaeY
wGif &Sif;jyonf/
&xm;ydkYaqmifa&;0efBuD;Xme
jynfaxmifpk0efBuD; OD;atmifrif;?
tvkyform;0efBuD;XmerS 'kwd,0ef
ajymMum;onf/
,if;odkY0ifa&mufndEIdif;rI
aMumifh vIdifom,mNrdKUe,f pufrIZkef
&Sd Hi-Mo qHyifwkpufHk? Hall Mart
txnfcsKyf? Great Forever txnf
csKyf? Myanmar CNN txnfcsKyf?
aiGuahH umftxnfcsKy?f tm&S zl*sD txnf
csKyf? awmf0ifjrefrm Zmxkd;yef;xdk;?
Samsung aumfaphpufw
kH Ydk ajyvnfrI
&&SdoGm;aMumif; tvkyform;ta&;
aqmif&Gufolrsm;xHrS od&Sd&onf/
n
ORGANIZATION
ol a&SUaeOD;aX;u ajymMum;onf/
ZGefv 3 &ufaeYu usif;y
aom Stakeholder rsm;yg0ifaqG;aEG;
onfh CMP (Cutting, Making, Packing) zGHUNzdK;wkd;wufrIaqG;aEG;yGJtNyD;
ESpf&uftMumwGif ,if;odkYajyvnf
oGm;jcif;jzpfaMumif; pufrIZkeftwGif;
rS od&Sd&onf/
,if;EIef;xm;jzifh txnfcsKyf
yvdyftxnfpufHktvkyform;or* wm;jrpfrIrsm;&Sd[kqdk
rEav;? ZGef 7
CONFERENCE
ajymqdkonf/
]]'Dvykd rJG sK;d u jzpfoifw
h mMumNyD/
jyemawGudk tckvdkyJajz&Sif;Muap
csifw,f/ bmyJajymajym 0rf;omp&m
Bud K qd k & r,f h u d p y g}} [k tqd k y g
aqG;aEG;yGo
J Ykdwufa&mufco
hJ l xdyw
f ef;
pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;&Sif OD;cspfcdkifu
rSwfcsufjyKajymqdkonf/
udkudkBuD;ajymqdkaqG;aEG;csuf
rsm;? ig;vkyfief;rS OD;0if;BudKif\
aqG ; aEG ; csufrsm;? pufrI0efBuD;
OD;pd;k od e;f \ oabmxm;rsm;onf
rsm;pG m pd w f a useyf z G , f a umif ;
aMumif;? trsKd;om;jyefvnfoifhjrwf
a&;? jyKjyifajymif;vJa&;rsm;twGuf
tm;&zG,faumif;aMumif; ukrPD
refae*smwpfOD;jzpfol OD;jrifhodef;u
rSwfcsufjyKajymqdkonf/
,ckaqG;aEG;yGJonf awGUqkH
aqG;aEG;a&;,Ofaus;rIwpfck tpysKd;
rIjzpfonf/ ,ckvkdaqG;aEG;yGJrsKd;
rsm;rsm;usif ; yvQif ES p f z uf p vk H ;
tEkid &f onft
h ajymif;tvJrsm; jzpfay:
vmEkid af Mumif; 'kid ,
f mavmhcpf mtkyu
f dk
2002 ckESpfu a&;om;cJhol jrefrmh
EkdifiHa&;tuJcwf OD;atmifEkdifOD;u
ajymMum;onf/
1962 ckESpf AdkvfcsKyfae0if;\
ppfwyftmPmodrf;NyD;aemufydkif;rS
jref r mEd k i f i H a &;ord k i f ; jzpf p Of u d k
oHk;oyfvQif tpdk;&\ wpfzufowf
ajz&Sif;rIrsm;u BuD;pdk;cJhaMumif;? ,ck
uJhodkY tpdk;&0efBuD;rsm;tygt0if
Stakeholder rsm; yg0ifaqG;aEG;rIwdkY
onf v nf ; rnf u mrw o m&S d c J h
aMumif;? ,ckuJhodkY aqG;aEG;yGJrsKd;
rawGUzl;aMumif; ,if;yGo
J Ykdwufa&muf
cJhol trnfrazmfvdkol touf 50
t&G,f t,f'DwmwpfOD;u oHk;oyf
ajymqdkonf/
n
5 &ufaeYwGif ,if;tvkyform;rsm;
xHrS pHkprf;od&Sd&onf/
,if;trSwf (2) txnfpufHk
(yvdyf) tvkyform;or*zGJUpnf;rI
ES i f h ywf o uf tr&yl & Nrd K Ue,f
tvkyform;nTefMum;rIOD;pD;XmeodkY
The Voice Weekly u oGm;a&muf
ar;jref;&m ]]Ekid if aH wmf\jy|mef;twnfjyK
xm;aom tvkyo
f rm;zGUJ pnf;cGiOhf ya'
t& zGJUcGifh&&Sdaomfvnf; OD;aqmif
nTefMum;a&;rSL;\ cGifhjyKrdefYr&ao;
onfhtwGuf vkyfudkifrItcuftcJ
jzpfaeonf}}[k tqdkygXmeOD;pD;rSL;
OD;aomif;pdeu
f The Voice Weekly odYk
ZGef 6 &ufaeYwiG f jyefvnfajzMum;onf/
rEav;wkdif;a'oBuD; yvdyf
NrdKU&Sd trSwf (2)txnfpufu
kH tvkyf
orm;or*udk yxrqHk;zGJUpnf;cJh
aMumif; tvkyform;ta&;udprsm;
ul n D a qmif & G u f a y;aeonf h 88
ausmif;om;&Jabmfa[mif;rsm;tzGJU
(rEav;)OD;aqmifolwpfOD;u The
Voice Weekly odkYajymMum; (Vol 8/
No 24 wGio
f wif;azmfjyNyD;)onf/ n
LAW ENFORCEMENT
LOCAL
VOICE
The
CITY DEVELOPMENT
&efuek Nf rKd v
Y ,fbPfvrf;udk a&S;a[mif;tarGtESpt
f jzpfxed ;f odr;f &ef ynm&Siw
f pfO;D tqdjk yK
&efukef? ZGef 6
&ef
Photo - MoJow
tqdkjyKolrSm jrefrmAdokum
ynm&S i f a':acsmuvsmjzpf N yD ;
]&efukefNrdKU xdef;odrf;apmifha&Smufa&;
r[mAsL[mqDodkY} ndEdIif;aqG;aEG;yJG
wGif ajymMum;cJhjcif;jzpfonf/
&efukef{&d,mtwGif; tvm;
wl xyfrHxdef;odrf;oifhaomae&m
trsm;tjym;&SdNyD; &efukef,Ofaus;rI
tarGtESpfrsm; xdef;odrf;a&;tzGJU
onf &ef u k e f \ ouf w rf ; &if h
taqmufttHrk sm;udk umuG,af y;&ef
pDpOfvsuf&Sdonf/
bPfvrf;onf &efuek Nf rdKUwGif
tapmqH k ; aqmuf v k y f c J h o nf h
umpwefa[muf ykvdyfrif;BuD;Hk;?
emrnfausmf pwD;0yftcsKyf aiGpm&if;
rif;BuD;Hk;ESifh bPfrsm;&SdNyD; udkvdkeD
acwfESifh jynfolydkifrodrf;ciftcsdef
txd &efukefNrdKU\ t"dupD;yGm;a&;
ae&mwpfckjzpfcJhaMumif; &efukefNrdKUcH
wpfOD;u ajymjyonf/
,ck t cg bPf v rf ; onf
xrif;aygif;qdkifrsm;? vrf;ab;aps;
onfrsm; taumufcGef&Sif;vif;a&;
udk,fpm;vS,frsm;jzifh ,cifyHkpHESifh
uGJjym;vsu&f o
dS nf[k bm;vrf;a&SUae
rsm;aumifpDteD; Hk;cef;iSm;xm;ol
wpfOD;u ajymqkdonf/
NyD;cJhonfhESpfydkif;u bPfvrf;
wGif txyfjrifhtaqmufttHkwpfck
aqmufvyk cf iG jhf yKcJNh yD; ,if;ae&monf
emrnfausmfpwD;0yftcsKyfae&mudk
uyfvsuaf qmufvyk jf cif;jzpfaMumif;?
a&S ; a[mif ; tarG t ES p f a e&mwG i f
ta&mif t aMumif t usm;rsm;jzif h
taqmufttHo
k pfrsm; raqmufvyk f
oifhaMumif;vnf; r[mAEKvyef;jcH
vrf;rS A[dkw&m;Hk;a&SUaewpfOD;u
ajymMum; onf/
&efuek Nf rdKUrS a&SUaetrsm;pktyg
t0if ,cif 1947 ckESpfaemufydkif;
wpf0u
kd f rsKd;qufrsm;u &efuek Nf rdKU\
ordkif;txift&Sm;&SdcJhaomae&mrsm;
udk tvG,w
f ul rzsuo
f ifb
h x
J ed ;f odr;f
xm;oifo
h nf[k ajymqdMkuonf/
]]Oyrm-bm;vrf;a&SUaersm;
aumifpq
D w
kd m ordik ;f tarGtESpaf e&m
yg/ 'Dae&mrSm jrefrmEdkifiH&JU txif
u&pma&;q&mawG? EdkifiHa&;orm;
awG aecJhw,f/ vG,fvG,feJYawmh
rzsufoifhbl;/ 'gu uRefawmfwdkY
ordkif;yJ}} [k &efukefNrdKU tarGtESpf
xde;f odr;f apmifah &Smufa&;rS a'gufwm
oefYjrifhOD;u ajymqkdonf/
NyD ; cJ h o nf h E S p f 20 twG i f ;
&efukefNrdKUwGif *sLAvDa[mae&mESifh
yJcl;uvyf tygt0if ta&SUawmif
tm&SwGif ESpfckom&Sdaom oHaps;ESifh
MEDIA
VOICE
The
LOCAL
CRIME
vrf;rawmfvo
l wfrI a&Typk eG rf ek t
hf w
d rf w
S pfqifaU zmfxw
k f
&efukef? ZGef 6
rawmfNrdKUe,f
armfwifpifwmteD; 7vrf;wGif arv 30 &&uf
ufaeYu jzpfymG ;cJah om q,fausmo
f u
uff
vrf; t&G
,f rdef;uav;towfcH&rIudk a&TykpGefrkefYtdwfrwpf
S pfqifh ajc&mcHazmfxkwfzrf;qD;EdkifcJhaMumif; &efukefwkdif;
w
Junction
tm;ckwfrdNyD; arSmufvsufvJusoGm;
aMumif;? aMumufvefYae av;csuf
cefYqifhckwf&m rpkpEDatmifonf Nidrf
usoGm;NyD;aemuf twGif;cef;odkY ajc
axmuf'&GwfwkdufqGJ teD;wGif&Sd
aom acgif;tHk;? *Grf;uyf? txnfp
rsm;udk tavmif;ay:yHkxm;cJhaMumif;?
teD;&SdADkdtm; "m;jzifh uefYvefYzGifh&m
<uyf<uyftdwfESifh xnfhxm;aomaiG
rsm;udkr,lbJ a&Txnf 11 rsKd;cefYudk
,l "m;udt
k eD;&St
d 0wfpjzifo
h w
k Nf yD;
t0wfpukd tavmif;ay:wifum
rD;zkdacsmifxJjyefxm;cJhaMumif;? rD;jcpf
awGUpuLprsm;udk rD;nNd yD;tavmif;
ay:tkyfxm;aomtxnfrsm;udk rD;IdU
cJhaMumif; if;uxGufqkdcJhonf/
]]owfwJholu aoG;at;w,f/
tawGUtBuHK&Sd? ynmwwfbGJU&vnf;
jzpfw,f/ ig;t&SifawGudk acgif;ckwf
owfwJhtavhtx&SdwmaMumifh 'D
enf;udyk o
J ;kH oGm;wm}} [k &efuek w
f idk ;f
a'oBuD; &JwyfzGJUrSL;Hk;? XmecGJrSL;
OD;pD;(2) &JrSL;jrifhaxG;u ajymMum;
onf/
n
ACCIDENT
OD;wdYkw&m;pGw
J mu OD;cifa&Tu yxrOD;wdYkeYJawGUqHw
k hJ 2010 jynfEh pS f
4 vydkif;uwnf;u ajymcJhwm&Sdw,f/ cifAsm;wdkYv,fudk usKyfodrf;wm
r[kwfbl;? usKyf0,fwmr[kwfbl;/ EdkifiHawmfu odrf;w,fvdkYajymwm
oluNcdrf;ajcmufNyD;ajymcJhwm/
Edik if aH wmfuodr;f r,fq&kd if OD;wdYku Edik if aH wmfukd toem;cHpmwifr,f/
EdkifiHawmfu OD;wdkY&JUv,form;jynfol&JUrdbvdkyJ/ olu cifAsm;wdkY
pmwifcsi&f if trdu
I yf ;kH eJY trdu
I jf cif;xJyaJ &mufr,fvYkd ajymcJw
h ,f/ uReaf wmf
wdkYu ve-39 avQmufxm;wkef; uRefawmfwdkYu avQmufxm;w,faygh/
wu,fvYkd ve- 39 avQmufxm;vdYk usvm&ifvnf; cifAsm;wdYkukd ay;onf
jzpfap? ray;onfjzpfap cifAsm;wdYkvnf; odr;f rSmyJvYkd oluajymxm;w,f/
Edik if aH wmfvYko
d ;kH NyD; vdrv
f nfraI Mumifh uReaf wmfwYkd v,form;awGu pkaygif;
NyD; w&m;pGJwmyg/
arv 31 &ufaeYxkwf Venus News *sme,f y g
]aZurmukrPDtm; w&m;pGJrnfh v,form;OD;ausmfpdefESifh
awGUqHkjcif;} rS aumufEkwfcsuf
]]OD;udkudkvdIifu Oyrm - vQyfppfrD;udpyJqdkygawmh/ Oyrmav;
wpfck ajymjyygr,f/ *syefrSm EsLuvD;,m; Facility awGysufoGm;w,f/
tJ'geJYaMumufvefYNyD;awmh EsLuvD;,m; Plant awG tukefvHk;ydwfvu
kd f
&w,f/ tck 40 ausmrf mS 2 ckyaJ rmif;w,f/ *syefEikd if aH wGrmS rD;rysub
f ;l /
bmaMumifhvJ qdkawmh jynfolvlxku NcdK;NcHacRwmvdkY/ rvdkwJhae&m
rD;awGtukefydwfw,f/ tukefvHk;acRwmw,f/ tJ'Dtcgusawmh Plant
40rSm 2 ckyaJ rmif;aewmawmifrS rD;rysufb;l / tJ'aD wmh uRefawmfajymcsif
wm? wu,fhapwemeJYajymcsifwmu za,mif;wdkifawGudk udk,fhtrd frSm
ud,
k x
f eG ;f Ny;D rD;av;ydwx
f m;vdu
k Mfuyg/ tm;vH;k tqifajyoGm;ygr,f} [k qdo
k nf/
arv 31 &ufaeYxkwf Hot News *sme,f y g
]OD;udkudkvdIifESifh vQyfppfrD;acRwma&;owif;} rS aumufEkwfcsuf
d[
k if*smvlrsK;d qdo
k nfrmS jrefrmEdik if &H dS wdik ;f &if;om;rsK;d EG,pf k 100 ausmf
xJwiG rf &So
d vdk rdrw
d Yk\
d wdik ;f &if;om;vlrsK;d vnf;r[kw[
f k vl0ifrI Bu;D Muyfa&;
ESihf jynfoYltiftm;0efBu;D Xme jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D OD;cif&u
D jiif;qdv
k u
kd o
f nf/
dk[if*smvlrsKd;qdkonfrSm 1885 ckESpf t*Fvdyf-jrefrm yxrppfyGJ
rSp jrefrmEdkifiHtaemufbufjcrf;rS t*Fvdyfrsm;ESifhtwl 0ifa&muf
vmaom vlrsKd;rsm;jzpfNyD; *syefacwft*Fvyd rf sm; qkwcf mG csdew
f iG f wcsKdUudk
vufeufudkif awmfvSefa&;twGuf csefxm;cJholrsm;u if;wdkYudk,fudk,f
d[
k if*smvlrsK;d rsm; jzpfaMumif; owfrw
S jf cif;jzpfonf[k 0efBuD;uqdo
k nf/
ZGefv 4 &ufaeYxkwf Messenger owif;*sme,fyg
]dl[if*smonf wdkif;&if;om;vlrsKd;r[kwf[k
vl0ifrIBuD;Muyfa&;ESifh jynfolYtiftm;0efBuD;Xme
jynfaxmifpk0efBuD;jiif;qdk} owif;rS aumufEkwfcsuf
u@wGif aumufEw
k af zmfjyxm;aom taMumif;t&mrsm;onf
oufqdkif&mrD'D,m odkYr[kwf pma&;olrsm;\ tmabmfomjmjzpf
zpfNyD;
The Voice Weekly t,f'DwmtzGJUtaeESifh oabmwljcif; rwljcif;udk
udk,fpm;rjyKbJ taygif;vuPmjzpfap? tEkwfvuPmmjzpf
jzpf a p
xl;jcm;aom toGifwpfckaqmifaeygu pmzwfy&d
y&dowfrsm; owdjyKrd
apvdk jyefvnfudk;um;azmfjyjcif; jzpfygonf/
LOCAL
VOICE
The
INSTITUTIONAL
AkdvfcsKyfkyf&Sifjzpfajrmufa&;aumfrwDokdh uefhuGufpmykdh
&efukef? ZGef 7
r*Zif;wGifazmfjycJhaom tifwmAsL;
tajzpum;rsm;ukd rauseyf AkdvfcsKyf
mAsL;tajzpum;rsm;uk
ky&f iS jf zpfajrmufa&;aumfrwDoYdk vlcek pfO;D u arv 25 &ufaeYwiG f uefYuu
G pf m
ykdYcJhaMumif; ,if;ck e pfODO;D wGifyg0ifonfh OD;wifrsKd;0if;u ajymMum;onf/
*sme,f w pf a pmif r S w pf q if h rdyg/ q&mrtaeeJY (ynm&Sdowdjzpf
tdwzf iG afh y;pma&;om;vnf;aumif;? cJqkdovkd) owdvufvGwfjzpfNyD;
aumfrwDkH;cef;okdYvdyfrlum pmay;ykdY t"dueJY omrnvJGaervm;&,fvkdY
vnf;aumif;? wku
d f u
dk zf ek ;f quf pkd;&drfwm&,f? aemufNyD; q&mr[m
vnf;aumif; ar;jref;pkpH rf;cJah Mumif;? Akv
d cf sKyfyk &f iS jf zpfajrmufa&;aumfrwD
AkdvfcsKyfonf wpfOD;wpfa,muf? rSm xdyyf idk ;f wm0ef,x
l m;oljzpfaewm
wpfpw
k pfzUGJ wnf;u ykid q
f idk jf cif;r[kwf &,faMumifhom tckvkd trsm;jynfol
bJ jynfoloef; 60 ESihfoufqkdifNyD; twGuf tjyKoabmeJY axmufjy
rdrdwdkYtaejzihf pkHprf;ar;jref;cGihf&Sd a0zefjcif;jzpfygw,f}}[k owif;opf
aMumif;? aumfrwDtaejzihf tenf; *sme,fwiG f uavmif&iS af Zmf0if;qef;
qkH; jyefvnfajzMum;&efwm0ef&SdNyD; (puf r I ) u Ak d v f c sKyf a tmif q ef ;
wpfpw
Hk pf&m ajzMum;jcif;rjyKcahJ Mumif;? twKywd yk &f iS Ef iS yfh wfouf 'gku
d f
aumfrwD\ jyKrlaqmif&u
G yf o
Hk nf 'Drdk wm MunfjzLoQifokdY tdwfzGihfay;pm
ua&pD"avhpku
d rf sm;uif;rJah eojzihf u@wGif xnfhoGif;a&;om;cJhonf/
uefYuGufvTmay;ykdYjcif;jzpfaMumif;
ZGefv 7 &ufaeYwGif kyf&Sifjzpf
rEav;NrdKUwGiaf exkid o
f nfh OD;wifrsKd; ajrmufa&;aumfrwDu OD;aZmf0if;qef;
0if;u &Sif;jyonf/
ukd pmjyefay;ykdYcJhaMumif;? kyf&Sifjzpf
]]q&mrMunfjzLoQifcifAsm/ ajrmufa&;aumfrwDtaejzifh uefY
q&mr&JU tifwmAsL;wpfckvkH;rSm uG u f p muk d zwf I N yD ; cJ h N yD ; aemuf
]]kyf&SifavmBuD;twGuf}} eJY ]]kyf&Sif tav;teufjyefMum;&ef aESmifhaES;cJh
avmuom;awGtwGu}f } qkw
d phJ um; jcif;ukd awmif;yefaMumif;? rdrw
d YkdtzJUG
ukd rkd;rTefatmifajymxm;ygw,f/ taejzihf pepfwus&SdzkdY&ef twwf
]]AkdvfcsKyfukdaus;Zl;qyfzkdY}} wkdY? ]]wkdif; EkdifqkH; BudK;yrf;rnfjzpfaMumif;? a':
jynfeYJ vlrsKd;twGu}f } wkYd qw
dk hJ pum; MunfjzLoQif\ yk*v
dutjrifjzpfNyD;
rsKd;awGukd wpfvkH;wpfyg'rS rawGU kyf&Sifjzpfajrmufa&;tzJGUtaejzihf
wpfpw
d w
f pfyidk ;f wm0ef&o
dS nf[k cH,yl g
aMumif;? tBuHjyKcsu?f a0zefcsurf sm;
ukd BudKqdkvsuf&SdygaMumif;azmfjyyg&Sd
onf[k OD;aZmf0if;qef;u ajymMum;onf/
'gku
d w
f mMunfjzLoQiu
f vnf;
uefYuGufolrsm;okdY pmwpfapmifoD;
oefYay;ykYdcNhJ y;D pmudk csucf si;f taMumif;
rjyefjzpfcJhonfhtwGuf awmif;yef
DONATION
owif;orm;ig;OD;aygif; ucsifppfab;"mwfyHkjyyGJ
a&mif;csaiGjyefvSLrnf
&efukef? ZGef 5
10
VOICE
The
LOCAL
INSTITUTIONAL
News in Brief
&efukef? ZGef 7
,mOf
&efukef? ZGef 2
udk&D;,m;ukefpnfESifU
Photo - MK
pD;Muolrsm;onf tvStyOD;pm;ay;
NyD; Oya'rvdu
k ef mbJ pdwBf udKuf,mOf
eHygwfjym;rsm; wyfqifaerIaMumifh
rawmfwq,mOfwdkufrIjzpfyGm;vQif
eHygwfurkd w
S o
f m;&efcufcEJ idk af Mumif;
omauw (7)&yfuu
G w
f iG f aexdik o
f l
wpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/
eHygwfjym;cGif tao;tMuD;ay:
IT
ukrPDrsm; wdkufdkufa&mif;csrnf
&efukef? ZGef 6
AWARD
rEav;ckepfNrdKYe,fwGif acG;rsm;udkumuG,faq;xkd;rnf
rEav;? ZGef 7
LOCAL
11
VOICE
The
EDUCATION
vufawGYtoHk;usbmomrsm;oifMum;rnfU
zGifUvSpf
&efukef? ZGef 5
Edkif
tqdkygoifwef;ausmif;wGif
vkyfief;toD;oD; t&nftcsif;jynfh
rDaom Executive Level odYk 0ifa&muf
vdkolrsm;? acgif;aqmifaumif;t&nf
tcsif; jynfrh v
D o
kd rl sm;twGuf tawG;
tac:enf;pepfrsm;udk t"duoifMum;
ay;onfh Strategic Organizational
Management (SOM) Level 1, 2, 3
Management
(PCM)
oifwef;wdYkukd ZGev
f ukew
f iG f zGiv
hf pS f
rnfjzpfNyD; oifwef;umv oHk;v
MumjrifhrnfjzpfaMumif; oifwef;
ausmif;tkyf a':at;jrvdIifu ajym
Mum;onf/
pepfusaom okawoejyKcsuf
Research Methodology bmom&yf
rsm;tjyif aps;uG u f t ajctae
taMumif; pmawGU? vufawGUajz&Si;f
enf;rsm;jzifh oifMum;ay;rnfh Sales
and Marketing oifwef;udkvnf;
zGiv
hf pS rf nfjzpfNyD; oifwef;umvrSm
bmom&yftvdkuf uGJjym;aMumif;
if;uqdkonf/
oifwef;zGio
hf nft
h xdr;f trSwf
tjzpf oifwef;pwifzGifhonfhvrS
oHk;vtwGif; vma&muftyfESHonfh
oifwef;om;rsm;twGuf txl;EIef;
(Discount) pD p Of a y;rnf j zpf N yD ;
tao;pdwo
f &d v
dS ykd gu oifwef;ausmif;
INFRASTRUCTURE
bk&ifUaemifcHk;ausmfwHwm; wpfESpftwGif;tNyD;aqmufrnf
&efukef? ZGef 5
12
VOICE
The
LOCAL
&efukef? ar 17
Ed k i f i H a &;? pD ; yG m ;a&;jyKjyif
ajymif;vJrIrsm; jyKvkyfaeNyD; jynfy
&if;ESD;jrKyfESHrIrsm;udk zdwfac:aeaom
jrefrmEdkifiHonf urmhEdkifiHrsm;teuf
vkyfcaps;toufomqHk;EdkifiHjzpf
&if;ESD;jrKyfESHolrsm;udk xdk;xGif;BuHq
urf;vSrf;Edkif&ef vdktyfaMumif; e,l;
ZDvefEdkifiH A[dkbPf\ 'gdkufwm
tzGJU0ifa'gufwmrm&Dvif;a0:&if;
(Mearilyn Waring) u tBuH j yK
ajymMum;onf/
&efuek Nf rdKU 0uFbmvrf; Action
G ;f
Aid H;k wGif ar 16 &ufaeYu jynfwi
owif;orm;rsm;ESifh awGUqHk&m
a'gufwmrm&Dvif;a0:&if;u txufyg
twdik ;f tBuHjyKajymqdjk cif; jzpfonf/
vkyt
f m;coufomrIwpfcw
k nf;
ESifh jrefrmEdkifiHudk vma&muf&if;ESD;
jrKyfE&HS ef Edik if t
H rsm;tjym; pdw0f ifpm;
MurnfjzpfaMumif;? &if;ES;D jrKyfEo
HS rl sm;
bufrS 24 em&D vQyfppfpGrf;tifvdk
onf[k taMumif;jyawmif;qdkvm
vQif if;wdkY\&if;ESD;jrKyfESHrnfhtpD
tpOfxJwGif aepGrf;tif? avpGrf;tif
wdkYrS pGrf;tif&,l&ef tpDtpOf&Sd r&Sd
jyefvnfar;jref;jcif;uJhodkY xdk;xGif;
BuHqar;jref;zdwfac:urf;vSrf;&ef
vdktyfaMumif; BuD;xGm;rI (Growth)
ES i f h zG H U Nzd K ;rI (Development) ud k
xnfhoGif;wdkif;wmaom EdkifiHwum
pm&if;udkifynm&SifwpfOD;[k urm
wpf 0 ef ; u tod t rS w f j yKxm;ol
&efukef? ar 19
jzefYjzL;jcif;rsm;udkrl yk*vduodkY
vTaJ jymif;oifah Mumif; e,l;ZDvefEikd if H
atmufuvef;&Sd AUT wuodkvf
jynfolYa&;&mrl0g'Xme\ ygarmu
vnf;jzpfol a'gufwm rm&Dvif;
uqdo
k nf/
a&eH"mwfaiGUtygt0if o,H
Zmwrsm;twGuf aemfa0Edik if u
H kd erlem
,loifhaMumif;? aemfa0onf o,H
Zmwrsm;&Sdaomfvnf; ,if;wkdYukd
tm;vk;H xkwrf a&mif;bJ aemiftem*wf
rsKd;qufrsm;twGuf csefxm;aMumif;
t*F v d y f p um;ajymEd k i f i H r sm;\
tajrmftjriftBuD;rm;qH;k trsKd;orD;
acgif;aqmif 40 wpfOD;tjzpf
yg0if o l a'guf w mrm&D v if ; u
rSwcf sujf yKajymMum;onf/
NMW
eD;pyf&mt&efqef0,fonfUowif; qefpyg;toif;jiif;
&efukef? ar 23
t&efqefaEGpyg;0,f,l&m
qefwefcsdef 100 pmcsKyfcsKyfwkdif;
v,form;rsm;xHrS pyg;wif; 10000
0,f,x
l m;onfh pm&if;jy&rnfjzpfNyD;
pyg;aps;udkvnf; wif;wpf&mvQif
PPL
aqG;aEG;rnf
&efukef? ar 15
rauG;NrdKYwGifxdefxdefom[dkw,fopfzGifUvSpfrnf
rauG;? ar 22
usyef;ppfwk&ifNydKifyGJ yxrqHk;tBudrfusif;yrnf
rauG;? ar 23
&efukef? ar 15
yxrqHk;tBudrf usyef;ppfwk
&ifNydKifyGJudk arv 28 &ufrS ZGefv
5 &ufaeYtxd atmifqef;tm;upm;
NydKif0if;twGif;&Sd rdk;vHkavvHktm;
upm;HkwGif usif;yrnfjzpfaMumif;
jrefrmEdik if pH pfw&k iftzGUJ csKyf;kH H;k tzGUJ
rS L ; OD ; rsKd ; aZmf r if ; u The Voice
Weekly odkY ajymMum;onf/
vmrnfh 2013 ckESpf usif;y
rnfh ta&SUawmiftm&Stm;upm;NydKif
yGJwGifvnf; usyef;ppfwk&ifNydKifyGJudk
0ifa&muf,OS Nf ydKifrnfjzpfNyD; xdik ;f Edik if H
onf jrefrmEdkifiH\ t"duNydKifbuf
aumif;Edik if jH zpfvmEdik af Mumif; if;u
qufvufajymMum;onf/
usyef;ppfw&k ifupm;enf;onf
tjynfjynfqdkif&m ppfwk&ifupm;
enf;uJhodkY a&TUyHkwlnDaomfvnf;
yGJtp aemufwef;rS upm;aumif
rsm;udk ae&mcsyHktuGufaygif; 960
twGif;wdrfrsufpda0'em&Sif 30 tcrJUcGJpdwfukornf
ppfawG? ar 8
EDUCATION
13
VOICE
The
Culture Shock
rsKd;jzpfvmr,f/
udk,fhEkdifiH udk,fhywf0ef;usifuae
rwlnDwJha'oEkdifiHawGudkajymif;a&TU
aexkdifwJhtcgjzpf&wJh pdk;&drfaomu
awG? pdwfvIyf&Sm;rIawGyg/ 'gawGu
ud,
k ef YJ &if;ES;D wJyh wf0ef;usi?f rdom;pk?
udk,fhtay:taxmuftyHhay;rIawG
uae a0;uGmoGm;wJhtcg jzpfwwf
ygw,f/ 'DtajctaerSm udk,fhtae
eJY 'gawGudkvufoifhcHEdkifatmif BudK;
udBk udK;pm;&rSmyg/ topfawGuv
kd uf
cHNyD; wjcm;olawGeYJ tjyeftvSeq
f uf
oG,Ef idk af tmif BudK;pm;&ygr,f/ ,Of
aus;rIopfawGeJY ndEIdif;aexkdif&vdkY
pdwv
f yI &f mS ;&wm yHrk eS jf zpfpOfwpfcyk g/
Culture Shock aMumifh rdrr
d mS jzpfwwf
wJh a,bk,svuPmawGuawmh
pdk;&drfaomujzpfr,f? pdwf"mwfus
r,f? pdwfwkdr,f? pdwfIyfaxG;r,f?
txD;usefcHpm;&r,f? tvkdqEawG
avsmhenf;vmr,f? tdyfpufrIyHkpH
ajymif;vJoGm;r,f? idkr,f? tm;tif
avsmhenf;r,f? aeYpOfvkyfaqmifrI
awGrSmaysmf&TifrIenf;yg;r,f? wjcm;
olawGudk a&Smifz,fvmr,f? acgif;
udkufwm 'grSr[kwf tpmtdrfemwm
vG,fjcif;awGcHpm;&NyD; udk,feJYrwl
wmawGudk y,fcscsifaevdrfhr,f/
Autonomy - 'Dtqifhu arQmf
vifhcsufawGjyef&SdvmygNyD/ vuf&Sd
tajctaeeJY tawGUtBuHKawGukd rQrQ
ww pwifIjrifEdkifvmNyD/ wjcm;ol
awGtay:rScD rkd u
I if;w,fvYdk cHpm;vm
&NyD; oufaomifhoufomjzpfvmyg
NyD/
Interdependence - ,Ofaus;
rIESpfckpvHk;'grSr[kwf ,Ofaus;rIrsKd;
pHk&JU udk,fydkifvuPmawG udk,fhrSm
zGUH NzdK;vmygNyD/ ud,
k b
hf mom jrefrmvkYd
udk&D;,m;bmomt&nftcsif;ppfpmar;yGJ tcsdefajymif;
&efukef? ar 23
cHpm;ae&ayr,fh tdrf&Sif,Ofaus;rI
udkvnf; udk,fh&JUydkifqdkifrI? ,HkMunfrI
awGeYJtwl tjyeftvSecf pH m;ae&ygNyD/
Culture Shock
udk
MDIS
- udk,fhausmif;u EkdifiHwum
ausmif;om;tBuHay;yk*Kdvf 'grSr
[kwf aqG;aEG;oleJYpum;ajymyg/
- udk,fhudktaxmuftyHhjzpfap
r,fh wjcm;EkdifiHwumausmif;om;
awGudk&SmazGyg/
- tdrf&SifEdkifiHausmif;om;awG
eJY oli,fcsif;zGJUyg/ olwkdY,Ofaus;rI
awGudk oif,lEkdifatmifvdkYaygh/
- ausmif;om;tzGJUtpnf;?
tm;upm;tzGUJ ? oif,al vhvmrItzGUJ ?
bk&m;ausmif; 'grSr[kwf apwemh
0efxrf;tzGJUawGeJY csdwfqufyg/
- tBuHay;yk*Kdvf? ygarmu
awGeJY udk,fharQmfvifhcsufawG? ynm
a&;arQmfrSef;csufawGudkajymqkdyg/
- vkdufavsmnDaxGjzpfatmif
BudK;pm;yg/ onf;cHpw
d af rG;NyD; pdwu
f kd
zGifhxm;yg/
- [moPf&Sdatmifaeyg/
Ref:www.myanmarstudyabroad.
org/tips-for-success
ynma&;a[majym
&efukef? ar 30
bmom&yfwkdYudk oif,lEkdifaMumif;?
Business bmom&yfwGif Diploma rS
MBA txd wufa&mufoif,lEkdif
ouJhodkY Bradford, UK rS bGJUudk
ay;tyfrnfh Biomedical Sciences,
Pharmaceutical, Biotechnology
bmom&yfwkdYudkvnf; wufa&muf
oif,El idk af Mumif;? Nottingham Trent
University, UK u bGJUay;tyfrnfh
Fashion and Design, Fashion Marketing and Barnding bmom&yftjyif
Computer Systems (Forensic & Security) bmom&yfwkdYudk wufa&muf
14
VOICE
The
EMPLOYMENT
awmif;rS&rSmvm;
owif;aqmif;yg; - atmifjrifhxGef; (2-6-2012)
&
cdkifwdkif;&if;olwpfOD;jzpfol EG,facs (tdrfac:) onf &efukefNrdKUawmf vdIifom,mpufrIZkef&Sd pufHkwpfckwGif tajccHtvkyform;tjzpf vkyfudkifvsuf&Sdonf/ EG,facsonf
arG;&yfa'owGif tvkyftudkif&Sm;yg;ojzifh tvkyftudkiftcGifhtvrf;aumif;rsm; &&Sdrnf? b0wdk;wufrnf[k ,lqum &efukefNrdKUBuD;okdY 2010 jynfhESpfwGif tm;rmeftjynfhESifh tvkyf
vkyfudkif&ef a&muf&dSvmcJhjcif;jzpfonf/ EG,facsuJhodkYyif &cdkifwdkif;&if;ol? wdkif;&if;om;trsm;pkESifh tjcm;a'orsm;rS trsKd;orD;rsm;? trsKd;om;rsm;onfvnf; ,if;uJhodkYyif ,HkMunfMuonf/
pufv
kH yk if ef;&Sirf sm;u ajymMum;onf/ vnf; Transit pepfjzifh vkyfaqmif&
]]&cdkifrSmae&if bmtvkyfrS r&Sd
]]atmf'gr&wm? ukefMurf;&Sm& jcif;? ydkYukefoGif;ukefvkyfief;rsm;
bl;/ 0ifaiGvnf;r&Sdbl;/ 'DrSm&Gmu
wm? vQyfppfr;D tcuftcJawGuawmh vkyfaqmif&mwGif vkyfief;IyfaxG;rI
ol i ,f c sif ; awG t rsm;BuD ; &S d w ,f /
tvky&f iS af wGtwGuf tqifrajybl;}} rsm;aMumifh tjcm;Edik if rH sm;xuf tq
tvkyaf umif;w,fqv
kd Ykd vmwm}} [k
[k ykvJtxnfcsKyfpufHkrefae*sm rsm;pGm Mumjrifah Mumif;? ,if;pepfrsm;
EG,af csu &cdik pf um;oH00J jJ zifq
h o
kd nf/
wpfOD;u qdkonf/
odYk aomfvnf; rSe;f csufEiS hf ESr;f
onf tvkyform;rsm;\ vkyfcvpm
]]Transaction Cost (tydu
k ek u
f s udkyg xdcdkufapaMumif; txnfcsKyf
xGufu rudkufay/ jrefrmedkifiH&Sd
p&dw)f awGuvnf;rsm;w,f/ tJ'gawG vkyif ef;&Sirf sm;xHrS pHpk rf;od&&dS onf/
pufrIZkefrsm;wGif 0ifa&muftvkyf
r&Sb
d ;l qdk &ifawmh tvkyo
f rm;awGukd
vkyfudkifaeaom tajccHtvkyform;
vkyfief;&Sifrsm;\tcuftcJ
vkyfcydkay;Edkifr,f}} [k txnfcsKyf rsm;ajyvnfatmif ajz&Sif;ay;Edkifyg
rsm;rSm tdrfeD;csif;EdkifiHrsm;ESifh EdIif;
vkyfief;&SifwpfOD;u &Sif;jyonf/
,SOfvQif tvGefenf;yg;aom vkyfc
u jrefrmtvkyform;rsm;udk tdrfeD;
vpmudkom &&SdaeMuonf/ tvkyf
tdrfeD;csif;EdkifiHrsm;wGif &if;ESD; csif;EdkifiH tvkyform;rsm;twkdif;
jrKyfESHygu t&if;tESD;rpdkufxkwf& vkyfcvpmwkd;jrifhay;EkdifrnfjzpfNyD;
orm;tcGit
hf a&;rsm;vnf; csK;d azmuf
aom pufHk vkyfief;rsm;\ tajccH tvkyform;rsm;tcGifhta&;awmif;
cHaeMu&NyD; tvkyform;trsm;pkrSm
taqmuftODrsm;udk jrefrmEdkifiHwGif qkdaomjyemrsm;vnf; ajyvnf
vkyt
f m;crS&&So
d nfh 0ifaiGjzifh pm;0wf
pdkufxkwfae&onf/
aea&;udk tqifajyatmif BudK;pm;
oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; vkyfief;&Sifrsm;
tajccHtaqmuftODjzpfonfh uoHk;oyfMuonf/
kef;uefajz&Sif;ae&aMumif; tvkyf
"mwfyHk - rkd;ausmfvGif
vQyfppfrD;? o,f,lydkYaqmifa&; (qdyf
orm;rsm;u qdkonf/
]]tcktajctaerSm tdrfeD;csif;
]]&wJhvpmeJY pm;0wfaea&; awmif;qdk&ef wpfckwnf;aomenf; aMumif;? tvkyform;wkdif; tcGifh urf;0efaqmifrIponhf) vrf;yef; Ekid if aH wGvkd jrefrmtvkyo
f rm;awGudk
vHk;0tqifrajybl;/ olrsm;qDu 10 rSm pufrIZkefrsm;wGif vuf&Sdvkyf ta&;twlwl&&Sd&efvkyfaqmifoihf qufoG,fa&;(tvkyform;rsm;BudKydkY vkycf vpm wk;d ay;ckid ;f &if &if;ES;D jrKyfEHS
D vkyo
f rm;tzGUJ tpnf; ponhf) tifwmeuf Access cufcJrI r,fh vkyfief;&SifawGu jrefrmEkdifiHudk
wdk;eJY ,lo;kH ae&w,f}} [k vdiI o
f m,m aqmifaeaom pkaygif;awmif;qdjk cif; aMumif; wkid &f t
f rm;ta&;rsm; acgif;aqmif a':rdk;a0uqdkonf/
NrKd Ue,f&Sd ykvJtxnfcsKyfpufHkwGif omjzpfaMumif; tvkyo
rsm; jref r mEk d i f i H w G i f & S d a Mumif ; ? rvmbJ wjcm;Ekid if aH wGyo
J mG ;rSmaygh}}
]]vpmEIef;xm;awGudk av;v taumufceG t
k fygaqmif&Gufay;aeaom a&SUae
tvkyfvkyfudkifaeaom tvkyform; vdu
f qifq
h ifah y;aqmif&rI [k vuf0g;txnfcsKyfvkyfief;&Sifu
wpfBudrfwdk;ay;xm;w,f/ tvkyf rsm;? urmh0,f,lrItaumif;qHk;aps; oHk;oyfonf/
wpfOD;u rdrdtajctaeudk rauseyf OD;aX;u ajymMum;onf/
tvk y f o rm;tcG i f h t a&;ud k orm;awGudk rdom;pkvdk qufqH uGufodkY wifydkYrIwm;jrpfcHxm;&jcif;?
aomavoHjzifh ajymMum;onf/
rd o m;pk p m;0wf a ea&;rsm;
tvkyform;rsm; vkyfcvpm Oya'ESifhtnD qEjyawmif;qdk&ef w,f/ tJ'gaMumifh tvkyform;awG urmh0,f,lrItaumif;qHk;aps;uGuf ajyvnfap&ef? tvkyfvkyf&if; b0
enf;yg;rI? tcGifhta&;csKd;azmufcH&rI tvkyform;tzGJUtpnf; Oya'yg qErjyMuwm}} [k qEjyawmif;qdrk I rsm;ESifh a0;uGmaejcif;? urmhzGHUNzKd;qJ wdk;wufrIudk &Sm&efrSm tvkyform;
f m,mNrdKUe,f EkdifiHrsm;&&Sdxm;aom tcGefoufom xkwpf&yfvHk;\ wpfckwnf;aom
f rm;tzGUJ rjzpfay:ao;aom vdiI o
wd k Y aMumif h 2012 ck E S p f ur m h twdik ;f oufqikd &f mtvkyo
tvkyform;aeYtNyD; &ufaygif; 20 csKyf\ cGifhjyKcsufESifhtnD oufqdkif pufrIZkeftydkif; (4) &Sd emrnfausmf EIe;f cGihf GSP pepfukd r&&Sad o;jcif;wkYd arQmfvifhcsuyf ifjzpfonf/ om,maom
kH pfcrk S refae*smwpfO;D uqdo
k nf/ onf CMP vkyfief; zGHUNzdK;wkd;wufrI vkyfief;cGifwGif tvkyfvkyfudkifcGifh
ausmf twGif; pufHk 20 ausmfwGif &mtvkyf&SifESifh oufqdkif&mndEdIif; pufw
tvkyf&Sifrsm;rSm atmf'gr&&Sd udk cufcJapaMumif; jrefrmh CMP &&SdNyD; vkyftm;ESifhxdkufwefaom
tvkyform;tcGifhta&;awmif;qdk zsefajza&;tzGJUodkY wifjy&rnfjzpf
aomfvnf; jrefrmEdik if w
H iG f tvkyo
f rm; onf h t csd e f r sKd ; ? tqif r ajyonf h zGHUNzdK;wkd;wufa&;ESifh pdefac:rIrsm;udk vkyfcukd&&Sdum Nidrf;csrf;pGm b0
qEjyrIrsm; jzpfyGm;cJhonf/
,if;odkY qEjyawmif;qdkaom tzGJUcsKyfrsm; ray:aygufao;ojzifh tcsdefrsKd;wGifvnf; tvkyform;rsm; Stakeholder rsm; pkaygif;aqG;aEG;yGJ wdk;wufrIudk &,lvdkaMumif; &cdkif
pufHkxJwGif EG,facsvkyfudkifaeaom pk a ygif ; awmif ; qd k a eMujcif ; jzpf udk vkyfcvpmyHkrSefay;ae&aMumif;? wGif txnfcsKyfvkyfief;&Siftoif; wdkif;&if;ol EG,facsuqdkonf/
k nf/ tvk y f & S i f b uf u wwf E d k i f o nf h Ou| OD;jrifhpdk;u ajymMum;onf/
pufHkrSmrl ryg0ifao;ay/ qEjy aMumif; if;u axmufjyajymqdo
]]qEjyNyD;awmh rawmif;qdck sif
vkycf vpmenf;yg;rIaMumifh qE twdik ;f twmtxdom vkycf vpmrsm;
awmif;qdkrIrjyKvkyfMujcif;rSm ,if;
jynfyrS oGif;ukefrsm; rSm,l bl;/ 'gayrJh vpmawmh aumif;aumif;
pufw
kH iG f xl;xl;jcm;jcm; tusKd;cHpm; jyrIrsm; qufwdkufjzpfay:aeojzifh udk wd;k ay;ae&jcif;jzpfaMumif;? jrefrm aomtcg Transit (wpfqifhcH) rSm,l &csifw,f}} [k qEjyawmif;qdk&
cGifhay;xm;jcif;aMumifh r[kwaf Mumif;? tcsKdUpufHkrsm;rSm vkyfcvpmrsm; Edik if EH iS hf tdref ;D csi;f Edik if rH sm;wGif &if;ES;D &ojzifh ukefusp&dwfydkrdkrsm;jym;NyD; onfukd pdwrf ygaomavoHjzifh &cdik f
wpf&ufvkyftm;c (a';aMu;) 350 wdk;jrifhay;um qEjyawmif;qdkrI jrKyfErHS EI iS hf EdiI ;f ,SOyf gu tvky&f iS rf sm; tcsdefrsm;vnf; ydkrdkMuefYMumaom wdkif;&if;ol EG,facsu ajymqdkonf/
atmif j rif h x G e f ;
usyf tedrfhqHk;&&SdNyD; Super (tvkyf rjzpfay:ap&ef BudKwifvkyfaqmif twGuf rsm;pGmtcuftcJ&SdaMumif; aMumifh ypn;f rsm;wifyYkdaomtcgwGif
orm;rsm; vkdif;tvdkuf BuD;Muyfol) xm;MuaMumif; tvkyform;rsm;ESifh
rsm;rSm a';aMu; 900 usyf0ef;usif tvkyform;ta&;udk aqmif&Gufol
om &&S d M uum tvk y f o rm;rsm; rsm;xHrS od&Sd&onf/
]]pufHkawGrSm qEjywmawG
nDw
G jf cif;r&Sad o;om qErjyMu
ao;jcif;jzpfaMumif; EG,af csu arv jyif;xefvmawmh uRefrwdkYtem;u
&efukef? ZGef 4
pufw
kH pfq
kH kd awmif;p&mrvdb
k J tajccH
25 &ufaeYwGif ajymqdkonf/
k w
f ,f/
jynfyEdkifiHrsm;rSjyefvmaom jynfawmfjyeftvkyform;rsm;udk jynfwGif;vkyfief;&Sifrsm;ESifh csdwfqufum
qEjyawmif;qdak om pufrkH sm; vpmudk oH;k aomif;wd;k ay;vdu
tvkyt
f udik &f &S&d ef jrefrmjynfytvkyt
f udik f 0efaqmifrv
I yk if ef;&Sit
f oif; (MOEA) u vkyaf qmifay;oGm;rnf
teuf puft
kH csKUd rS tvkyo
f rm;jyem olwYkd qkd awmfawmftqifajyoGm;wm
jzpfaMumif; MOEA tajccHtoif;(2) Ou| OD;rif;vdIifu ajymMum;onf/
rsm;om ajyvnfr&I &So
d mG ;NyjD zpfNy;D pufkH aygh}} [k wpfveD;yg; vkyfcvpm
]]jynfyrSm vkyfcJhwJhtvkyftwdkif;vkyfief;wlwJh 'Duvkyfief;&SifawGeJYndEdIif;NyD; tvkyf&Smay;oGm;r,f}} [k
trsm;pkrS tvkyo
f rm;rsm;\ jyem wdk;jrifhay;&ef awmif;qdkrI ajyvnfrI
txufygyk*dKvfu&Sif;jyonf/
rSm ajyvnfrIr&&SdMuao;aMumif; r&&Sad o;aom Hi-Mo qHyifwpk ufHkrS
tvkyform;wpfOD;u &Sif;jyonf/
&efukefNrdKUawmfukefonfBuD;rsm;[dkw,fwGif arv 29 &ufaeYu jyKvkyfcJhaom MOEA toif;om;rsm;
pufrIZkefrsm;xHrS pHkprf;od&Sd&onf/
jrefrmEdkifiHwGif tvkyform;
yPmrawGUqHyk w
JG iG f xufO;D jynfytvkyt
f udik &f mS azGa&;at*sipf t
D yk cf sKyfr'I gdu
k w
f mwpfO;D vnf;jzpfol OD;rif;vdiI f
tvkyform;a&;&mtjiif;yGm;rI
u txufygtwdkif;ajymMum;jcif;jzpfonf/
ajz&Si;f a&;Oya'wGif tvky&f iS f tvkyf qEjyawmif;qdrk rI sm; avsmhenf;oGm;
jynfawmfjyeftvkyform;rsm;udk jynfwGif;wGif tvkyftudkifjyefvnf&&Sdatmif tvkyftudkif&SmazGay;&ef?
orm;tjiif;yGm;rIwpfckckvkyfief; ap&ef tedrfhqHk;vkyfc vpmOya'udk
k yfaeNyD[k
jynfyEdik if rH sm;wGi&f adS om tvkyo
f rm;rsm;ta&;udp? jyemrsm;udk at*sipf rD sm;yl;aygif;ajz&Si;f &efEiS hf jynfwiG ;f
nEd iId ;f a&;aumfrwD? nEd iId ;f zseaf jz a&; rjzpfraejy|mef;ay;&ef vdt
wGif vkyfief;aqmif&GufrIrsm;udk yl;aygif;aqmif&Guf&ef tqdkygtoif;udk zGJUpnf;&jcif;jzpfaMumif; tqdkyg
tzGJU? cHkorm"dtzGJU? cHkorm"daumifpD tvkyform;ta&;aqmif&Gufaeol
toif;xHrS od&Sd&onf/
wdkYjzifh tqifhqifhndEdIif;ajz&Sif;&rnf rsm;u ,ckjzpfay:aeaom qEjyrI
jynfawmfjyeftvkyform;rsm;udk tvkyftudkifjyef&SmazGay;rnfqdkygu jynfawmfjyeftvkyform;rsm;
jzpfNy;D ajyvnfrrI &&Srd o
S m qEazmfxw
k f rsm;udk axmufjyajymMum;onf/
jrefrmEkdifiHwGif tvkyform;
twGuf tqifajyaMumif; jynfyEdkifiHrsm;wGif vkyfudkifaeaom tvkyform;rsm;u ajymMum;onf/
cGifh&Sdaomfvnf; Oya' toufr0if
]]tvkyf&Smay;awmh aumif;wmaygh/ EdkifiHjcm;rxGufawmhwJholawGtwGuf tqifajywmaygh/ 'gayrJh
ao;ojzif h ,if ; od k Y v k y f a qmif tcGifhta&;rsm;udk umuG,fay;xm;
jynfyrSmvkyw
f mavmufawmh ydu
k q
f b
H ,f&rSmvJ}}[k pifumylEikd if o
H Ykd jyefxu
G cf gtvkyv
f yk u
f ikd &f ef jyifqifaeaom
r&ao;aMumif; tvkyform;ta&; aom Oya'jy|mef;csufrsm;vnf;r&Sd
jynfawmfjyeftrsKd;om;tvkyform;wpfOD;u qdkonf/
aqmif&u
G o
f rl sm; u ajymMum;onf/ ao;aMumif; if;wdYk u oH;k oyfonf/
tvkyform;ta&;aqmif&Guf
jrefrmjynfytvkyftudkif0efaqmifrIvkyfief;&Siftoif; (MOEA) toif;tajccHtzGJUtpnf;rsm;udk
jrefrmEdkifiHwGif tvkyform;
zGUJ pnf;vdu
k Nf yDjzpfNyD; NrdKUe,ftqifzh UJG pnf;&ef oufqikd &f mXmeudk w&m;0ifwifjyxm;NyD;NyDjzpfaMumif;? wdik ;f a'oBuD;
a&;&m tjiif;yGm;rIajz&Sif;a&;Oya' olrsm;ESifh oufqkdif&mwm0ef&Sdol
tqifh? tzGJUcsKyftqifhrsm;udkvnf; xyfrHzGJUpnf;oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; tqdkygtoif;xHrS od&Sd&onf/
udk jy|mef;vdkufNyDjzpfaomfvnf; rsm;rS m qE j yawmif ; qd k a eaom
f rm;ta&;udo
k m tmHpk u
kd af e
jrefrmEdkifiH vkyfom;tiftm; 30 'or 96 oef;cefY&SdNyD; jrefrmtvkyform;OD;a& oHk;oef;cefYrSm
enf;Oya'rjy|mef;ao;ojzifh Oya' tvkyo
jynfywGif vkyfudkifvsuf&SdaMumif; tvkyform;0efBuD;Xmeu owif;xkwfjyefxm;onf/
n
aMumif;t& aqmif&Guf r&Edkifao; MuNyD; qEjyrawmif;qdkaom tvkyf
&m tvk y f o rm;tcG i f h t a&;ud k orm;rsm;ta&;udkyg tmHkpdkufoifh
jynfawmfjyefvyk o
f m;rsm; jynfwiG ;f wGit
f vky&f mS ay;rnf[q
k kd
LOCAL
15
VOICE
The
AGRICULTURE
&Guf&rnfjzpfNyD; pDrHudef;aqmif&Guf
jcif;rjyKawmhygu rlvv,f,majr
vkyfudkifcGifh&&Sdxm;aom yk*dK vf? tzGJU
tpnf;rsm;xH jyefvnfay;tyf&rnf
INSTITUTIONAL
xdkif;-jrefrme,fpyf'kuonfpcef;rsm;&Sd EdkifiHom;rsm;
jyefvnfae&mcsxm;ay;&efpDpOf
bm;tH? ar 27
HEALTH
wkwf-jrefrme,fpyf'kuonfpcef; aomufoHk;a&ta&;ay:vdk
&efukef? ar 29
csxm;ay;Edkif&ef pDpOfxm;aMumif;
u&ifjynfe,f vHkNcHKa&;ESifh e,fpyf
a&;&m0efBuD; AdkvfrSL;BuD;atmifvGif
u The Voice Weekly odkY ajymMum;
onf/
a0gavNrdKif? pkuvd? ydkifusKHESifh
&Sr;f &Gmopfpaom NrdKUe,fcrJG sm; topf
wnfaxmifxm;NyD; ,if;e,fpyf 'ku
onfpcef;rsm;rS wdkif;&if;om;rsm;udk
jyefvnfae&mcsxm;ay;&ef pDpOfxm;
aMumif;? if;wdkY\ vlrIa&;? pD;yGm;
a&;vkyfief;rsm; zGHUNzdK;a&;twGuf
ulnDay;Edkif&ef tpDtpOfrsm; a&;qGJ
xm;aMumif; if;u&Sif;jyonf/
,ckavmavmq,fwGifrl 'ku
onfpcef;rsm;rS jyefvnf0ifa&muf
vmolrsm;r&Sad o;aMumif;? rMumao;
cifu 0ifa&mufvmaom Nidr;f csr;f a&;
tzGUJ rsm;udk pD;yGm;a&;zGUH NzdK;a&;twGuf
pufrIZkefvkyfief;rsm;wGif pD;yGm;a&;
vkyfudkifcGifhrsm; pDpOfay;xm;onfudk
yxrqHk;aqmif&Gufay;aeaMumif;
if;uajymMum;onf/
]]vufeufpufekH YJ bde;f jzLpufu
kH
vGJvdkY b,fvkyfief;rqdk vkyfudkifcGifh
ay;xm;ygw,f}} [k u&ifjynfe,f
TOURISM
"mwfyHk - aZaEGxTOURISM
Gef;
jref r mtpd k ; &wyf r awmf E S i f h
ucsiv
f w
G v
f yfa&;wyfrawmf (autkid f
at) wdkY\ wdkufyGJrsm;aMumifh ae&yf
pGeYcf mG vmolrsm;twGuzf iG v
hf pS x
f m;aom
'kuo
nfpcef;rsm;wGif aomufo;kH a&
ta&;ay:vdktyfvsuf&SdaMumif; oGm;
a&mufulnDay;aeonfh tzGJUrsm;xHrS
od&onf/
]]aomufo;kH a&twGuf 'kuo
nf
awGwef;pDaeMu&w,f/ aeylBuD;xJ
rSm &yfapmifah eMu&w,f}} [k wkw-f
jrefrme,fpyf aemifawmif;aus;&Gm
'kuonfpcef;odkY arv 'kwd,ywf
u oG m ;a&muf c J h o l trsKd ; orD ;
wpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/
,if;'kuo
nf pcef;wGif ukv
or*tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;u t0Dpw
d iG ;f vm
a&mufwl;azmfay;xm;aomfvnf; vHk
avmufrIr&SdaMumif; if;uqkdonf/
16
VOICE
The
LOCAL
INSTITUTIONAL
pnf ; yH k t ajccH O ya't& ouf q d k i f & mwd k i f ; a'oBuD ; ES i f h jynf e ,f tpdk;&rsm;u if;wdkYbwf*sufud
u dk
udk,fwdkif&SmazGcGifhjyKxm;&m a'oESifhudkufnDaom pnfyifom,mOya'rsm;a&;qGJEdkif&ef wdkif;a'oBuD;
ESifh jynfe,fvTwfawmfrsm;u pDpOfaeaomfvnf; 1993 wnfqJpnfyifOya'rsm;ESifh udkufnDjcif;r&Sdojzifh
Oya'a&;qGJEdkifjcif;r&Sdao;aMumif; rGefjynfe,f0efBuD;csKyfOD;tkef;jrifhu ajymMum;onf/
2008 zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya' csKyf OD;ode;f vGiu
f vnf; rdrw
d Yjkd ynfe,f
INSTITUTIONAL
Z,m; 2 yg jynfe,ftwGif; pnfyif taejzifh pnfyifom,mOya'a&;qGJ
om,ma&;vkyif ef;rsm;twGuf Oya' &ef zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'yk'fr 188
jyKEdkifcGifh&Sdaomfvnf; 1993 pnfyif Z,m; 2 tydk'f (8) t& pDpOfaeaomf
om,mOya'onf jynfe,fESifh wdkif; vnf; a'otwGuf &nf&G,faom
rsm;tay: vk y f u d k i f c G i f h a y;rxm; jy|mef;csufrsm;onf jynfaxmifpk
aMumif;? wnfqJOya' wpf&yfrzsuf tpdk;&u jy|mef;xm;aom Oya'rsm;
odr;f ao;onft
h wGuf Oya'opfrsm; ESihf xdyw
f u
kd q
f efYusifuv
JG rJG rI sm;&SEd ikd f
jyK&ef tcufBuHKaeaMumif; if;u onf[k oabmayguf jynfe,f &efukef? ZGef 1
&Sif;jyonf/
wGif pnfyifom,mudp&yfrsm;udk
rD;owfO;D pD;XmeESihf jrefrmEkid if H
]]'DOya'udk rzsuf&ao;&if vuf & S d wnf q J O ya't&om tif*sifeD,mtoif;wdkYyl;aygif;
vnf; enf;Oya'? vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;? aqmif&Gufae&NyD; 1993 pnfyif taqmufttHkwnfaqmufrIqkdif&m
trdeYfpwmawGxw
k Nf yD; vkyEf ikd u
f ikd Ef ikd f om,mOya'rzsufodrf;ao;onfh pHcsed pf n
H eT ;f (Building Code) Oya'udk
atmif aqmif&u
G af y;vdYk&ygw,f}} [k twGuf jynfe,fvTwfawmfu Oya' a&;qGv
J su&f NdS yD; jynfoYlvw
T af wmfwiG f
if;uqdo
k nf/ u&ifjynfe,f Oya' jyKEdik &f ef MuefYMumae&aMumif; if;u twnfjyKjy|mef;Ekdif&efpDpOfvsuf&Sd
zGJY
ajymMum;onf/
2008 zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'
wGif jynfaxmifpktpdk;&\ Oya'jyK
Z,m; pnfyifom,mudp&yfrsm;
ryg0ifojzifh jynfe,fvw
T af wmftae
taqmufttHkwnfaqmufrI pHcsdefpHnTef;
vTwfawmfwGif twnfjyKrnf
BUSINESS
tvufrsm;udk oufqdkif&mbm;uk'f
eHygwfjzifh pmwdkuf\ Website wGif
0ifa&mufMunfhIEdkifaMumif;? rvGef
qefEdkifaomjzpf&yf (Force Majeure)
rS tjrefacsmxkyfrsm;ukd vufcHay;
ydYk &mwGif acsmxkyw
f pfxyk f aysmufq;kH
ygu trsm;qHk;wefzdk; 10000 usyf
txd ay;avsmfoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;
jrefrmhqufo,
G af &;vkyif ef;u w&m;0if
xkwfjyefxm;onf/
n cs,f & D
rif;xl;u oHk;oyfajymMum;onf/
]]t"duuawmh bmyJvkyfvkyf
Safety udkOD;pm;ay;&rSmav/ ta&;
BuD;wmu ppfaq;a&;0ifwJholu
t*wdrvkdufpm;zdkYyg/ vlaecGifhcsay;
cgeD;&ifawmh ckeppfaq;a&;vkyfwJh
tzGJUwifr[kwfbJ aqmufxm;wJh
ypnf;awGudk QC ppfwJhol&SdrS tqif
ajyr,f/ NyD;rS vlaecGifhcsay;rS&r,f
av}} [k if;u&Sif;jyonf/
taqmufttHkwnfaqmufrI
qkdif&mpHcsdefpHnTef; (Building Code)
wGif taqmufttHktrsKd;tpm;ESifh
txyfjrifhtvkduf toHk;jyK&rnfjzpf
aom tkwt
f rsK;d tpm;? oH? bdvyfajr
paom tao;pdwftcsuftvufrsm;
yg0ifrnfjzpfonhftjyif rD;ab;vHkNcHK
rIqkdif&m tpDtrHrsm;yg0ifrnfjzpf
aMumif; rD;owfO;D pD;XmexHro
S &d onf/
tqkyd g Building Code udk Ekid if H
awmftpd;k &xHwifjy twnfjyKowf
rSwfjy|mef;NyD;ygu aemifaqmufvkyf
rnfh taqmufttHkrsm;ukd ,if;pepf
twdik ;f aqmufvyk &f rnfjzpfonf/ n
NEWS MAKER
ESpfpOfusyfoef;csD tHI;ay:
aeonf[k w&m;0if owif;xkwjf yef
xm;aom jref r mh q uf o G , f a &;
vk y f i ef ; rS tjref a csmyd k Y vk y f i ef ;
(DEMS) ud k jynf w G i f ; &S d uk r P D
oH k ; ck E S i f h yxrqH k ; tBud r f t jzpf
yl;aygif;aqmif&u
G &f eftwGuf ZGev
f 1
&uf a eYu oabmwl v uf r S w f
a&;xdk;cJhaMumif; jrefrmhqufoG,f
a&;vkyfief;rS wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;u
The Voice Weekly odYk ajymMum;onf/
tqd k y guk r P D r sm;taeES i f h
wpfESpfvQif jrefrmhqufoG,fa&;
vkyif ef;odYk usyf ode;f 500 ay;oGi;f &
rnfjzpfonftxd tusKd;wlyl;aygif;
onfhvkyfief;oabmwlcsufwpfckudk
vufrSwfa&;xdk;cJhonf[k if;u
qufvufajymMum;onf/
]]uRefawmfhbufu ukrPDawG
twG u f ae&mcsxm;ay;NyD ; ygNyD /
aejynfawmfrSmawmh Hk;cef;zGifhNyD;NyD/
'D r S m awmh uk r P D a wG b uf u
b,fawmhavmuf Hk;cef;vmzGifhr,f
qdkwm taMumif;rjyefao;bl;}} [k
jref r mh q uf o G , f a &;vk y f i ef ; rS
wm0ef & S d o l w pf O D ; u The Voice
Weekly odkY ajymMum;onf/
,if;vkyif ef;yl;aygif;aqmif&u
G f
&eftwGuf jrefrmhqufoG,fa&;vkyf
ief;rS wif'grsm;ac:,lcJh&m ukrPD
udk;ck0ifa&muf,SOfNydKifcJhNyD; ,if;
ukrPDrsm;xJrS Maganate Group
Logistics Co., Ltd., United Courier
Service Co., Ltd. ESifh Kispanadi Express Co., Ltd. wdkYESifh yl;aygif;aqmif
&GufoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; if;\tqdk
t& od&Sd&onf/
,if ; tjref a csmyd k Y v k y f i ef ; rS
aumufcrH nfEh eI ;f xm;rsm;rSm 20 *&rf
txufrS 50 *&rftxd 500 usyf?
50 *&rftxufrS 100 *&rftxd
700 usyfESifh 100 *&rftxufrS
250 *&rftxdudk 1100 usyftxd
toD;oD;aumufco
H mG ;rnfjzpfaMumif;
tqdkygXmerS w&m;0ifod&Sd&onf/
tqdkygukrPDoHk;ck yl;aygif;
vk y f a qmif & ef t wG u f &ef u k e f ?
rEav;? aejynfawmfwYdk &dS qufo,
G f
a&;Hk;rsm;wGif ae&mcsxm;ay;NyD;
,if;ae&mrsm;rSwpfqifh NrdKUaygif;
107 NrdKUodkY tjrefacsmydkYvkyfief;udk
vkyfudkifoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; jrefrmh
qufo,
G af &;vkyif ef;xHrS od&onf/
tjrefacsmydkYpepf (DEMS) udk
acwf r D o wif ; tcsuf t vuf E S i f h
qufoG,fa&;enf;ynmrsm;oHk;NyD;
tjrefacsmESifh acsmxkyfay;ydkYolrsm;u
rdrday;ydkYvdkufaom acsmpm^acsmxkyf
rsm; a&muf & S d o nf h a e&ma'oES i f h
ay;a0NyD;rI &Sd^r&Sd ponfhtcsuf
17
Monday, June 11 - 17 , 2012
VOICE
The
18
VOICE
The
PERSPECTIVE
PERSPECTIVE
19
VOICE
The
20
VOICE
The
TIPS
BUYING GUIDE
21
VOICE
The
VOICE
The
Vol.8 / No.25
June 11 - 17 , 2012
New Books
New Books
New Books
fpmayvlYrdwfaqG} qkdwJh qkdkd;pum;twkdif; pmrsm;rsm;zwfav ukd,fhtwGuf tawGUtBuKHA[kokw&avrkdY pmzwfwJhtavhtx[m aumif;wJhtavhtxwpfckvkdYqkd&rSmyg/
]pm tktJ'ygaMumif
h pmtkyfzwf&wm BudKufESpfoufwJh pmcspfolawGtwGuf ESpfNcdKuf&m taMumif;t&mav;awGyg0ifr,fh pmtkyfawGukd a&G;cs,f0,f,lvkdY&atmif topfxGuf&SdorQxJu
vufvSrf;rD&m pmtkyfwcsKdUukd aumufEkwfazmfjyay;xm;wmyg/
kH;okH;jrefrmpma&;om;enf;
armifcifrif ("EkjzL)
xkwfa0wkduf- wla';pmtkyfwkduf
wefzdk; - 1000
'Dpmtkyrf mS jrefrmpmta&;tom;eJY
k;H ok;H pma&;enf;? kH;okH;pmykHpHwkdYukd
tao;pdw&f iS ;f vif; vrf;nTex
f m;wm
rkYd pmta&;tom;eJY ywfoufNyD; 0gus
zGUJ xk;H rSeu
f efr?I tok;H tEIe;f rSeu
f efr?I
pmvk;H aygif;owfyrHk eS u
f efr?I &Si;f vif;
uspfvspfrI pwmawGudk od&rdS w
S o
f m;
&r,fhtjyif kH;pmukd pepfwusa&;
om;wwfcsifoal wGtwGuyf g tok;H
0ifwmaMumifh pDpOfxkwfa0&jcif;jzpf
w,fvkdY 'Dpmtkyfxkwfa0wJh wla';
pmtkyw
f u
dk u
f qkyd gw,f/
pmtkyjf yKpo
k l armifcifrif ("EkjzL)
uvnf; 'Dpmtky[
f m k;H vkyif ef;awGudk
jrefrmpmeJY a&;om;aqmif&Guf&mrSm
aqmifp&m a&Smifp&mawGudk owdrl
rdapzdkY taxmuftuljyKvdrfhr,fvkdY
,lqaMumif; qkdygw,f/ tajccH
jrefrmpm ta&;tom;eJY ywfoufNyD;
aqG;aEG;ykYd cswt
hJ ykid ;f eJY k;H pmykpH aH wGudk
erlemjywJh tykid ;f qkNd yD; ESpyf idk ;f cGjJ cm;
wifjyxm;ygw,f/ kH;okH; jrefrmpm
a&;om;zkYd twGuf tajccHvt
dk yfcsuf
u jref r mpmuk d rS e f r S e f u ef u ef
&Si;f &Si;f vif;vif;? uspu
f spv
f spv
f sp?f
ajyajyjypfjypf? vkdufzufnDnD a&;
wwfzYdk jzpfw,fvYdk 'Dpmtkyrf mS qkx
d m;
ygw,f/ jrefrmpmta&;tom;eJY
ywfoufvYdk ta&;tBu;D qk;H u owfyHk
rSefuefrI? tokH;tEIef; rSefuefrIeJY
0guszGUJ xk;H rSeu
f efrf q
I w
dk hJ rSeo
f ;Hk rSef
yJjzpfaMumif; t"durD;armif;xkd;
azmfjyxm;wmyg/ pmta&;tom;? k;H
pmykHpHrsm;? yk'fjzwf? yk'f&yf oauFw
rsm;qkdNyD; t"dutykdif;okH;ykdif;&JU
atmufrmS oufqidk &f macgif;pOfcaJG wG
eJY avhvm&vG,fatmif jyKpkay;xm;
wm awGU&rSmyg/ aemuf ]bJ} yg&if
a&SUu ]r}xnf?h Za0Z0gpum;vk;H rsm;?
]w}eJ Y ]wpf } ? toH x G u f a Mumif h
rSm;wJhtrSm;? xGifNyD;a&;aom owfyHk
rsm;? ]av;pm;pGmjzih}f rok;H oih?f ]olr}
rok;H oih?f ]if;}ESifh ]vnf;aumif;} pwJh
taMumif;t&mawGudk pmta&;tom;
qkw
d u
hJ @rSm rSwo
f m;avhvm&rSmyg/
'DtaMumif;t&mav;awGudk zwfvu
dk f
&ifyJ jrefrmpmta&;tom;eJYywfouf
vkYd wk;d wufvmEkid yf gvdrrfh ,f/ yk'u
f dk
b,fem;jzwf&r,f? &yf&r,fqw
dk mukd
uG J u G J j ym;jym; rod a o;wJ h o l a wG
taeeJY pmrsufEmS 93 rSm yk'jf zwf?
yk'&f yf? oauFwrsm; qkw
d hJ acgif;pOf
yg0ifygw,f/ kH;pmykHpHrsm;rSmawmh
kH;wGif;pm (cGifhpm? wifjypm)? ay;pm?
rwwfrjzpf wwfajrmufxm;oihw
f mrkYd
'Dpmtkyu
f tJ'v
D rdk sK;d acsmacsmarmarm
a&;wwfvdkolawGtwGuf taxmuf
tulay;Ekid yf gvdrrhf ,f/
n
ESpfq,f&mpk jrefrmUkyf&Sifa&pD;aMumif;ESifU
jrefrmU*E0ifkyf&SiftEkynm&Sif (20)
wuokdvfcifarmifaZmf
xkwfa0wkduf- a&T
wefzdk; - 1500
jrefrmh*E0ifyk &f iS t
f Ekynm&Sif
awG&JU taMumif;awGeJYtwl ESpfq,f
&mpk j ref r mh k y f & S i f a &pD ; aMumif ; uk d
(1920-1945)? (1945-1962)?
(1962-1988) qkdNyD; 1920 jynfhESpf
uae 1988 ckEpS t
f wGi;f jrefrmhyk &f iS f
taMumif;ukd ykdif;qpfwifjyxm;yg
w,f/ 'DpmtkyfrSm yg0ifwJh okyf
aqmifawG[m jrefrmhkyf&Siforkdif;rSm
awmfvkdY ausmfcJhovkd? okyfaqmif
aumif;vkYdvnf; y&dowftBuKu
d af wGU
cJMh uwJh olYacwfoYltcgu qlygrsm;yif
jzpfaMumif;? olwkdYacwf olwdkYtcgu
atmifjrifausmfMum;rIudk a&&Snx
f ed ;f
odr;f Ekid cf MhJ uonfuv
dk nf; rsuaf rSmuf
acwfokyaf qmifawG 'Dpmtkyu
f dk zwf
NyD; twk,lEkdifMuygapvkdY qkawmif;
aMumif ; povd k a &;om;xm;wJ h
'gkdufwmatmifjrifhjrwf&JU trSmukd
vnf; 'Dpmtky&f UJ a&SUqk;H rSm azmfjyxm;
ygw,f/
1920 uae 1988 twGi;f
ESpq
f ,f&mpk jrefrmhyk &f Sifa&pD;aMumif;
qkdwJh tykdif;vkduf aqmif;yg;eJYtwl
OD;nDyk? jrefrmh yxrqkH;'gkdufwm
OD;wkwBf u;D ? vef'eftwfO;D tke;f armif?
yxrqk;H ky&f iS u
f ifr&mrif; OD;armifarmif?
*syefrif;orD; at;rdpH? rif;orD;
cifcifEk? at0rf;aroef;? pwefY
rif;orD; cifcifpef; pwJh tJ'aD cwftcg
u kyf&Sife,fy,fu emrnfausmf
wcsKdU&JU ykHao;awGukd wGJzufwifjy
xm;ygw,f / aqmif ; yg;awG u k d
zwf&if; xkad cwf xkt
d cgu kduful;cJhwJh
Zmwf u m;awG ? 0wf p m;qif , if
xkH;zGJUrIawG? ky&f iS o
f kyaf qmifawG&UJ
vkyu
f idk yf aHk wGuydk g avhvmEkid yf gvdrrfh ,f/
jrefrm*E0ifyk &f iS f tEkynm&Sif
(20)rS m awmh at;MuL? aZ,s?
zkd;ygBuD;? ausmf0if;? a&Tb? Akv
d Af uk?d
22
VOICE
The
BUYING GUIDE
PRODUCT
Version
awGUygvdrrfh ,f/
zkef; Size BuD;BuD;udkrS toHk;jyK
csifolawG tBudKufawGUapr,fhtjyif
Camera uvnf; ta&SUa&m? taemuf
ygtoH;k jyKEdik rf mS yg/ zke;f xJrmS ud,
k &hf UJ
yku
H kd u
dk Nf yD; jyif&wm 0goemygolawG
twGuf zkef;&JU Gallery xJrSm Photo
Edit yg0ifwmrkYd Software topfxyf
xnfhp&mrvkdawmhygbl;/ udk,fodrf;
csifwmawGu rsm;vGef;aeNyD; SD
t&yf&SnfNyD; Pf&nfjrifUzdkhaxmufulw,fqdkwJU
jznfUpGuftm[m&
usyf wpfodef;oHk;aomif;avmufeJY
ckvdk Function pHkpHk tokH;jyKEdkifwmrkdY
aumif;aumif;toHk;jyKEkdifOD;rSmyg/
Function pHp
k ?kH Version jrifjh rifeh YJ 'DZidk ;f
rdu
k rf u
kd f CDMA wpfv;kH topfvcJ sif
aeolawG tBudKufawGUaprSmjzpfNyD;
zkef;qkdiftawmfrsm;rsm;rSm 0,f,l
Edkifygvdrfhr,f/
n
PRODUCT
q,fausmfoufvli,fawG&JU
b0rSm ta&;tygqHk; vkdtyfcsuf
awGjzpfwhJ t&yf&n
S jf cif;eJY Pf&nf
jrifhrm;jcif;wdkYtwGuf OD;pm;ay;jyK
PRODUCT
aemufqHk;ay: enf;ynmoHk;xm;wJU
Tablet
PRODUCT
aps;oifUuifr&m
'DuaeYvdk IT acwfrSmaeYpOf
vIyf&Sm;ajymif;vJaewJh t&mawGudk
rSww
f rf;wifzYdkeYJ trSww
f &jzpf&yfawG
udk du
k u
f ;l xm;zdYktwGuf uifr&mav;
wpfv;kH avmufawmhvt
kd yfygvdrrfh ,f/
cknTefay;rSmu aps;oifhw,fvdkYqdk
&r,fh 'pf*spfw,fuifr&myg/
aps;uGut
f wGi;f vlBudKurf sm;vS
wJh CANON trSwfwHqdyf Digtal
Compact Camera trsKd;tpm;jzpfNyD;
Model eHygwfu Power Shot A 1200
jzpfygw,f/ dkuful;EkdifwJhkyfyHkxGuf
tm;u 12.0 Megapixels jzpfwmrdkY
pdwaf useyfz,
G af umif;r,fyh &kH yd u
f kd &&Sd
Ekdifygvdrfhr,f/ (1208x 720) HD
dkuful;Ekdifygvdrhfr,f/
uif r &mumvmta&mif u
teuf a &mif w pf r sKd ; yJ & S d y gw,f /
'Duifr&m0,folawGtwGuf txl;
vufaqmiftaeeJY aiGusyf 6000
0ef;usifwefwJh Memory Card 4G
&,f? uifr&mxnfzh Ykdtw
d ef YJ uGeyf sLwm
ESichf sw
d q
f ufzYkd USB BudK; vufaqmif
yg&Sdw,fvdkY 'Duifr&ma&mif;ay;ol
awGuqkyd gw,f/ a&mif;aps;u usyf
60000 avmuf&w
dS mrdYk aps;oifw
h ,fvYdk
qdk&rSmyg/ Multi Generation Electronics Wholesales Centre trSwf
512? ukeo
f nfvrf;ray: (qdyu
f rf;om
vrf;axmifh)? ausmufwHwm;NrdKUe,f?
&efukef? zkef; - 0973240123 rSm
0,fvdkY&ygw,f/
n
vkyx
f m;NyD; touf 9 ESpu
f ae24 ESpf
Mum; aomufo;kH Ekid w
f hJ GNC Mega
Teen qdw
k hJ jznfph u
G t
f m[m&tm;aq;
wpfrsKd; jynfwGif;aps;uGufudk0if
a&mufvmwmawGU&ygw,f/ USA
Made obm0jznf h p G u f p mjzpf N yD ;
a[mfrkef;awG? "mwkypnf;awGuif;
&Sif;aMumif; todtrSwfjyKvufrSwf
150 ausmf&&Sdxm;NyD; t&yftarmif;
jrifhrm;a&;twGuf r&SdrjzpfvkdtyfwJh
Calcium, Phosphorus, Iron, Vitamin
D wkYd taumif;qH;k tcsKd;tpm;eJY yg0if
wkdYvkd OD;aESmufpGrf;&nf
jrifhrm;vmapr,fh tm[m&awGyg0if
w,fvdkYvnf; wifoGif;olrsm;u qkd
ygw,f/ ud,
k cf t
H m;aumif;rGejf cif;udk
tm;ay;NyD; 0ufNcHtxGufrsm;wmudk
umuG,fay;EkdifwJh Zinc eJY obm0
Caroteniod Complex wkYd vnf;yg0if
wmawGU&ygw,f/ qlygrm;uwfawG?
aq;qkid Bf uD;awGrmS a&mif;csvsu&f NdS yD;
pdwf0ifpm;olrsm; Wynn Land International Co., Ltd. zke;f -09-5131217?
09-43083781? 09-73232064
wdYk ukd qufo,
G pf pkH rf;Ekid yf gvdrrhf ,f/
Chromium
PRODUCT
aps;oifU
jzpfNyD; usyfav;odef;rausmfygbl;vkdY
qkdwmyg/ Intel &JU 'kwd,rsKd;quf
Dual Core B 960 ukd okH;xm;wmjzpf
NyD; Memory 2GB eJY 500 GB HDD
POLITICS
23
VOICE
The
vGwf
yoDvlrsKd;rsm; EdkifiHa&;ygwDfavQmufxm;
rEav;? ZGef 6
yoDtrsKd;om;uGef*&ufygwD
trnfjzifh EdkifiHa&;ygwDwnfaxmif
cGifh avQmufxm;jcif;udk jynfaxmifpk
a&G;aumufyaJG umfr&Siu
f ygwDtrnf
ajymif;vJavQmufxm;&ef taMumif;
Mum;xm;aMumif; yoDvlrsKd;wpfOD;
jzpfol OD;armifarmifOD;uajymMum;
onf/
vl0ifrIBuD;Muyfa&;ESifh jynfolY
tiftm;0efBuD;Xme\ pdppfcsufrsm;
t& Edik if aH wmftodtrSwjf yKxm;onfh
vlrsKd;rsm;pm&if;wGif yoDvlrsKd;rsm;
ryg0ifaMumif; aumfr&Siu
f taMumif;
Mum;vmonfhtwGuf trsKd;om;uGef
*&ufygwDtrnfjzifh ajymif;vJ
avQmufxm;aMumif; rEav;NrdKU\
emrnfausmf OD;at;MuLaq;wkdufrS
vkyfief;&SifOD;at;MuLuqkdonf/
rEav;NrdKU ywf0ef;usifyif
yoDvlrsKd;wpfaxmif0ef;usifcefY ae
xkdifcJhMuNyD; yoDvlrsKd;rsm;taMumif;
udk jynfaxmifpka&G;aumufyGJaumf
r&SifodkY &Sif;vif;oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;
yoDvlrsKd;wpfOD;jzpfol OD;vSjrifhuqkd
onf/
yoDtrsKd;om;uGef*&ufygwD
udk 1900 jynfEh pS af ESmif;ydik ;f wGif pwif
zGJUpnf;cJhNyD; 1990 a&G;aumufyGJwGif
yoDvrl sK;d trnfujkd zKwu
f m trsK;d om;
uGef*&ufygwDtrnfjzifh 0ifa&muf
,SOfNydKifcJhonf/
<MT
News
ausmif;om;or*rsm;tzGJUcsKyf
(jzpfajrmufa&;aumfrwD) wGif a&T0g
a&mif t a&;tcif ; xd e f ; od r f ; cH
ausmif;om;ajcmufO;D OD;aqmifyg0if
NyD; if;wdkYonf vuf&SdtcsdefwGif
ausmif;jyefwufcGifh&&ef BudK;pm;qJ
jzpfNyD; ausmif;jyefwufciG &hf &ef eD;pyf
aeNyDjzpfaMumif; ,if;jzpfajrmufa&;
aumfrwDxHrS od&onf/
<
"mwfyHk-rdk;ausmfvGif
if ; ausmif ; om;rsm;onf
ausmif ; om;or* r sm;tzG J U csKyf
(jzpfajrmufa&;aumfrwD) udkvnf;
tvkyftrIaqmif 19 OD;jzifh ZGefv
1 &ufaeYwGif pwifzGJUpnf;cJhonf/
'D r d k u a&pD y nma&;jzpf & ef
tavhtx,Ofyg;zdkYESifh toif;tzGJU
rsm;ES i f h aqmif & G u f z d k Y &ef v d k N yD ;
ausmif;om;jzpfvsuf ausmif;rwuf
&ygu ausmif;om;wpfOD;\tcGifh
ta&; qHk;HI;ae&jcif;jzpfaMumif;?
vuf&w
dS uov
kd w
f ufa&mufaeaom
ausmif;om;rsm;aexdkif&ef taqmif
jyemrsm;? oGm;a&;vma&;cufcJ
aerIrsm;? bGJU&NyD; tvkyfvufrJhjzpf
jcif ; rsm;rS m ausmif ; om;rsm;\
tajccH t cG i f h t a&;qH k ; H I ; rI y if j zpf
aMumif; ausmif;om;or*rsm;tzGJU
csKyf (jzpfajrmufa&;aumfrwD) \
Ou|vnf;jzpfol udk'DNidrf;vif;u
if;\tjrifudk ajymMum;onf/
tif ; pd e f t usOf ; axmif r S
vGwfajrmufvmol ocsFmyxrESpf
ausmif;om; udk&Jjrwf[def; (&efukef
taemufydkif;wuodkvf)? aygif;wnf
axmifrS axmif'PfajcmufESpfcGJjzifh
vGwaf jrmufvmol 0gPdZa A' 'kw,
d
ESpfausmif;om; udkZifvif;atmif
(pD;yGm;a&;wuodkvf)? rEGJUESif;&nf
pdwfynmyxrESpf (&efukefta&SUydkif;
wuodkvf) wdkYuvnf; wuodkvf
jyefvnfwufa&muf&ef BudK;yrf;vsuf
&Sdonf[k if;wdkYuqdkonf/
Nidrf;csrf;a&;azmfaqmifrIrsm;
pD;yGm;a&;tjrwfxkwfolrsm;&Sd[k u&iftrsKd;orD;tzGJYqkd
&efukef? ZGef 5
jrefrmEdik if w
H iG ;f &Sd wdik ;f &if;om;vufeufuikd rf sm;ESihf ,ck&ufyikd ;f azmfaqmifaeonfh Nidr;f csr;f a&;jzpfpOfrsm;wGif
jynfwiG ;f tcGix
hf ;l cHp;D yGm;a&;orm;BuD;rsm;ESiphf ;D yGm;a&;vkyif ef;rsm;u 0ifa&muf pD;yGm;a&;t& tjrwfxw
k rf Irsm;
&Sad eaMumif; u&iftrsK;d orD;rsm;zGUH NzdK;wd;k wufa&;tzGUJ rS BuD;rSL;usi;f yaom Nidr;f csr;f a&;jzpfpOf tawGUtBuHKaqG;aEG;yGJ
wGif u&iftrsKd;orD;rsm;zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufa&;tzGJU 'gdkufwmwpfO;D jzpfol aemfqZl efemvSvSpdk;u ajymMum;onf/
0ifa&muftjrwfxkwfonf[k aemfqlZ efemvSvpS ;kd uajymMum;onfh ukrPDoHk;ckrSm jrefrmEdkifiHwGif
xdyw
f ef;tqifeh yH gwf 10 twGi;f 0ifaeaomukrP
ED pS cf yk g0ifaecJo
h nf/ odYk&mwGi,
f if;owif;rsm;ESiyhf wfouf
ukrPDrsm;bufodkY twnfjyKEdkifjcif;r&Sdao;ay/
]]uRefrwdkYawmufavQmuf ulnDyHhydk;aewJhtcsdefrSm Nidrf;csrf;a&;jzpfpOfrSm pD;yGm;a&;orm;awG? pD;yGm;a&;
tjrwfxkwfw,fqdkwm od&w,f/ 'DaeYtpnf;ta0;vkyf&jcif;taMumif;&if;u EdkifiHawmfbufua&m
Nidr;f csrf;a&;aqG;aEG;wJt
h zGUJ bufua&m? KNU jzpfjzpf? KIA jzpfjzpf? wjcm; &Sr;f ? rGeu
f yJjzpfjzpf ywfoufaewJh
pD;yGm;a&;orm;awG aus;Zl;jyKNyD; Nidrf;csrf;a&;aqG;aEG;jzpfpOfudk taESmifht,SufjzpfrSmpdk;wJhtwGuf today;
aqG;aEG;&jcif;jzpfygw,f}} [k aemfqlZefemvSvSpdk;u ajymMum;onf/
]]Nidr;f csrf;a&;ud,
k pf m;vS,rf sm; aqG;aEG;rIrpcifrmS oHviG jf rpfurf;ab;rSm [ufBuD;a&avSmifwrHaqmuf
vkyfzdkYa&mufvmw,f/ tJ'gudk uRefrudk,fwdkif pmydkYNyD;uefYuGufoGm;rSmjzpfygw,f/ apwemoefYoefYeJYyJ
vkyw
f ,fvYkd tpuodw,f/ 'gayrJh aemufyikd ;f rSm 0ifa&mufpu
G zf ufvmw,f/ Nidr;f csrf;a&;aqG;aEG;yGrJ mS Control
vkyfrIawGygvmygw,f/ tJ'DtwGuf uRefrwdkYu ukrPDawGudkpmydkYNyD; uefYuGufoGm;ygr,f}} [k if;u
qufvufajymMum;onf/
vuf&SdNidrf;csrf;a&;azmfaqmifaeaom tpdk;&tzGJUonf aiGaMu;tcuftcJaMumifh pD;yGm;a&;orm;tcsKdUudk
tuket
f uscH vkycf ikd ;f jcif;jzpfonf[k if;uajymqdv
k u
kd Nf yD; ,ckuo
hJ Ykd uek u
f scHvyk o
f nft
h wGuf Nidr;f csrf;a&;
vkyfief;pOfawGrSm awmufavQmuftaESmifht,Sufay;vmMuum tpnf;ta0;rsm;udkvnf; csufcsif;zsufcdkif;
onftxd 0ifa&mufvTrf;rdk;jc,fvS,fvmMuaMumif; if;u oHk;oyfajymMum;onf/
]]uRefrwdkYudk jynfwGif;ukrPD ESpfckoHk;ckavmufu vmqufoG,fw,f/ pD;yGm;a&;vkyfcsifw,f/ KNU eJY
vkyaf y;ygvdYk vmqufo,
G w
f ,f/ 'gayrJh uRerf uawmh vH;k 0tawGUrcHygbl;/ jiif;vTwyf gw,f/ ckvnf; wpfcgwnf;
ajymxm;ygr,f/ uRerf wdYk bufu vH;k 0vufcaH wGUqHrk mS r[kwyf gbl;}} [k rD',
D mrsm;odYk &Si;f vif;ajymMum;onf/
tqdkygjynfwGif;ukrPDrsm;taejzifh Nidrf;csrf;a&;jzpfpOf yxrtBudrfESifh 'kwd,tBudrfwdkYwGif pD;yGm;a&;
t& tjrwfxw
k rf rI sm;&Scd zhJ ;l onft
h wGuf tvm;wljzpf&yfrsm; aemufxyfrjzpfay:ap&ef ,ckuo
hJ Ykd rD',
D mrsm;odYk
xkwfjyef owday;&jcif;jzpfaMumif; u&iftrsKd;orD;tzGJUcsKyfrS ajymMum;onf/
u&iftrsKd;orD;rsm;zGUH NzdK;wd;k wufa&;tzGUJ udk 2003 ckEpS w
f iG f pwifzUJG pnf;cJNh yD; 2009 ckEpS af emufyikd ;f wGif
trsKd;orD;tzGJUrsm;uGef&uf(jrefrm)ESifhyl;aygif;NyD; Nidrf;csrf;a&;jzpfpOfrsm;wGif aqmif&Gufvsuf&Sdonf/<cs,f&D
<
24
VOICE
The
POLITICS
befaumufzdk&rfrSvmaom owdjyKzG,fyJUwifoHrsm;
atmifausmpf ;kd
b,fvfNidrf;csrf;a&;qk&SifESifh jynfolYvTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,f a':atmifqef;pkMunf q,fpkESpfESpfck
twGif; yxrqkH;tBudrftjzpf xkdif;EkdifiHokdYoGm;a&mufNyD; urmhpD;yGm;a&;zkd&rfokdYwufa&mufonfh
c&D;pOfNyD;qkH;oGm;NyDjzpfygonf/ jynfwGif;? jynfyrD'D,mtoD;oD;\pmrsufESmrsm;ay:wGif ae&m,lcJhaom
tqkdygc&D;pOfonf ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm jynfyESifhuif;uGmcJhol a':atmifqef;pkMunf jynfytawGUtBuHKopf&&Sda&;
twGuf prf;oyfcsufwpf&yfozG,fjzpfapcJhygonf/ okdYaomf EkdifiHa&;ESifh pD;yGm;a&;avhvmapmifhMunfholrsm;?
ynm&Sifrsm;\teD;uyfavhvmapmifhMunfhjcif;cHcJh&onfh tqkdygc&D;pOfu cufcJeufeJpGmtaumiftxnfazmf
vsuf&Sdonfh jrefrmhjyKjyifajymif;vJa&;jzpfpOftay: rnfokdYaom*,ufdkufcwfrIrsm;ukdjzpfay:apoenf;
[laom ar;cGef;u ykdpdwf0ifpm;p&maumif;ygonf/
'Drkdua&pD eHygwfwpfvm;? pD;yGm;a&; oabmtjrifjzifh okH;oyfMuaomf rvSnfhEkdifonfh taetxm;rsKd;okdY
vnf; tcsKdUurl oHo,BuD;pGmjzifh ra&muf&Sdao;[k rSwfcsufay;onf/
wkd;wufrI eHygwfwpfvm;
apmifhMunhfvsuf&Sdonf/ okdY&mwGif ,if;zkd&rfwGif a':atmifqef;pkMunf
arv 30 &ufaeYrS ZGev
f 1 &uf NyD;cJhonfh 2011 ckESpf? Mo*kwfv ESihf jrefrmEkid if 'H rD u
dk a&pDazmfaqmifa&;
aeYtxd befaumufNrKd UwGiu
f si;f yonfh twGi;f orwBu;D OD;ode;f pdeEf iS hf twku
kdYu t"duvTrf;rkd;xm;cJhonf/
d f udpw
urmhpD;yGm;a&;zkd&rfokdY urmhEkdifiH tcHacgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pkMunf xk d Y j yif a':atmif q ef ; pk M unf u
toD;oD;rS aumfy&dk w
d pf ;D yGm;a&;acgif; wkdY yxrqkH;pwifawGUqkHaqG;aEG;rI jrefrmEkdifiHwGif oefY&Sif;aom? vGwf
aqmifBuD;rsm;ESifh vkyfief;&SifBuD;rsm; jyKvkyfcJhNyD;aemuf jrefrmjynfwGif; vyfaom w&m;pD&ifa&;pepf r&Syd gu
640 OD;cefYwufa&mufonf/ tqkyd g wkd;wufjzpfxGef;rIrsm;ukd qufwkduf rnfoYdkyifaumif;rGeaf om &if;ES;D jrKyEf rHS I
yk*Kd vrf sm;xJrt
S rsm;pkrmS taemufEidk if H qko
d vkd awGUjrifvm&aMumif;? jrefrmh qkdif&mOya'rsm;&Sdaeapumrl tokH;
rsm;\ ydwq
f Ydkrq
I idk ;f iHah y;jcif;cHvu
dk &f
Ekid if aH &;wGif t"duyav,m(Player) jyK&rnfr[kwfaMumif; ajymqkdNyD;
NyDjzpf wHcg;yGiv
hf maom jrefrmEkid if H rsm;jzpfMuaom if;wkdYESpfOD;yl;aygif; jrefrmhw&m;pD&ifa&;r@dKifESifh ywf
wGif &if;ESD;jrKyfESHrIrsm;vkyfukdif&ef NyD; rwlnrD rI sm;ukd ab;z,fum wlnD oufonfh if;\xifjrifcsufukd
tpdk;&ESifhaqG;aEG;ndEIdif;rIrsm; jyKvkyf onfhoabmxm;rsm;jzifh tdrfeD;csif; zkd&rfwufa&mufvmonfh pD;yGm;a&;
xm;olrsm;ESihf &if;ES;D jrKyfErHS rI sm;jyKvkyf EkdifiHrsm;tMum; rsm;pGmaemufus ukd,fpm;vS,frsm;tm; today;ajym
&ef jyifqifrI okdYr[kwf avhvmtuJ usef&pfaeonfh jrefrmEkdifiHzGHUNzdK;wkd; Mum;onf/ jrefrmEkdifiHynma&;pepf
cwfrrI sm; jyKvkyaf eolrsm;vnf;yg0if wufa&;ukd aqmifMuOf;Muvdrfhrnf rSm rsm;pGmaemufususef&pfvsuf&NdS yD;
onf/ if;wkdYtm;vkH;onf yrmP jzpfaMumif; ponfjzifh ok;H oyfajymqkd vli,frsm; tvkyfvufrJhjzpfrIrSm
rsm;jym;vS o nf h jref r mh o bm0 rIrsm;vnf;&So
d nf/ okYd twGuaf Mumifh BuD;rm;aomjyemBuD;wpf&yfukd
o,HZmwrsm;ESifh ukefxkwfvkyfrI ,ckEpS yf idk ;f umvrsm;onf orwBuD; jzpfay:apvmEkdifaMumif;jzifhvnf;
vkyif ef;twGuf vkyt
f m;ccsKo
d maom OD;odef;pdef OD;aqmifaom tpkd;&opf ok;H oyfonf/ if;uk,
d w
f idk f uk,
d pf m;
jrefrmhtvkyform;rsm;ukd tusKd;&Sd&Sd ESifh a':atmifqef;pkMunftMum; vS,ftjzpfwufa&mufvsuf&Sdonfh
tokH;jyKa&;? ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm edrfhus tjyeftvSef,kHMunfrIwnfaqmuf ygvDrefvw
T af wmfonfyif 'Dru
dk a&pD
aecJhaom jrefrmhtajccHtaqmuf aomumv[k qkv
d Qiv
f nf;&ygonf/ tavhtxrsm;ESiahf 0;uGmaeqJjzpfonf
tODrsm; jyefvnfwnfaqmufay;a&;? twkduftcHtiftm;pkrsm; tjiif;yGm; [kqkdygonf/
pD;yGm;a&;vkyif ef;rsm; tusK;d wly;l aygif; aeaom 2008 zGUJ pnf;ykH tajccHOya'
]]jrefrmEkdifiH[m ppfrSefwJh 'Drkd
aqmif&Gufa&;? yGifhvif;vmaom oabmtwkid ;f a':atmifqef;pkMunf ua&pDvlYtzGJUtpnf;r[kwfygbl;}}
jrefrmhEkdifiHa&;ESifh pD;yGm;a&;pepfukd ESifh trsKd;om;'Drkdua&pDtzGJUcsKyf [k if;urSwfcsufay;onf/
trSo
D [JjyKum ta&SUawmiftm&Sa'o (NLD) ygwDwYdk {NyD 1 &uf? Mum;jzwf
jref r mtpk d ; &onf qif ; &J
ESihf tm&Sa'owGi;f aps;uGucf sUJ xGiaf &; a&G;aumufyGJ0if&efqkH;jzwfcJhjcif;? EGrf;yg;rIavQmhcs&efBudK;yrf;vsuf&SdNyD;
[laom OD;wnfcsufukd,fpD&Sdolrsm; xyf r H t jiif ; yG m ;p&m jzpf v mjyef EkdifiHjcm;&if;ESD;jrKyfESHrIrsm; 0ifa&muf
jzpfonf/
onfh vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,ftjzpf vm&ef Ekid if jH cm;pD;yGm;a&;vkyif ef;BuD;
EkdifiHwumpD;yGm;a&;uRrf;usif usrf ; op m usd e f q k d r nf h u d p u k d rsm;uk d qG J a qmif v suf & S d c sd e f w G i f
olrsm;uvnf; ,if;zkd&rfrpwif a':atmifqef;pkMunfvufoifch u
H m a':atmifqef;pkMunf\rSwfcsufrSm
rDuwnf;u ]]jrefrmjynftwGuo
f m vTwaf wmfwiG ;f okYd 0ifa&mufomG ;jcif;? tuJykdovkdjzpfaeonf[k zkd&rfokdY
ru Ekid if Hjcm;pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;&SifBuD; ygwDEidk if aH &;omru tjcm;aomvlrI wufa&mufvmoltcsKdUu rSwfcsuf
rsm;twGuf pD;yGm;a&;ESifh tjcm;aom a&;vkyfief;rsm;ukd vGwfvyfpGm vkyf ay;onf/
tcGit
hf vrf;rsm;ukd jzpfay:&&Sdaprnfh uk d i f v mEk d i f j cif ; tp&S d o nf w k d Y r S
jrefrmEkdifiH'Drkdua&pDtoGif
zk&d rfjzpfaMumif;? taMumif;rSm zk&d rfoYdk wpfqifh tar&duefjynfaxmifpkESifh ul;ajymif;a&;ESifh pD;yGm;a&;zGHUNzdK;
urmod jrefrmh'Drkdua&pDa&;vIyf&Sm; Oa&myor*wkdYu ydwfqkdYta&;,lrI wkd;wufa&;twGuf tBuHaumif;?
ol a':atmifqef;pkMunf wufa&muf rsm;uk d z,f & S m ;ay;vmonf t xd Pfaumif;rsm;axmufyHhay;zl;ol
&efpDpOfxm;jcif;? vuf&Sdtcsdefonf jzpfay:vmjcif;rSm ESpOf ;D ESpzf uftjyef pD ; yG m ;a&;ygarmu *sKd ; Zuf p wpf
ydwfqkdYta&;,lrIrsm; qkdif;iHhvkdufcsdef tvSef wnfaqmufvsuf&Sdonfh *vpfu a':atmifqef;pkMunfonf
jzpfNyD; jrefrmtpd;k &u Ekid if jH cm;&if;ES;D ,kHMunfrIjy,k*fyifjzpfonf/
tvGeftrif;tqkd;jrifvGef;onf[k
jrKyfErHS rI sm;0ifa&mufrI jrifw
h ufatmif
S af Mumif;ajymqko
d nf/r a&&m
rnfoYydk ifqadk p tqkyd g,kMH unfrI xifrw
taumiftxnfazmfaecsdefjzpfjcif; twkdif;twmwpfckxd jynfh0Ekdifjcif; raocsmrIrsm;ESifh w&m;pD&ifa&;pepf
wkYd aMumifjh zpfaMumif;}} cefYreS ;f ok;H oyf r&Sdao;onfrSm ,ck befaumufNrdKU tm;enf;csufrsm; &Sdaeonfhwkdif
xm;Muonf/
wGiu
f si;f yjyKvkyo
f nfh urmph ;D yGm;a&; Ek d i f i H j cm;&if ; ES D ; jr K yf E S H o l r sm;u
ppf b uf t k y f c sKyf a &;pepf u k d zkd&rfu oufaoxlvkdufovkd&Sdyg aumif ; rG e f a omtcG i f h t vrf ; ES i f h
ESpfaygif;rsm;pGmusifhokH;cJh&mrS t&yf onf/ zk&d rfwiG f a':atmifqef;pkMunf tusKd;tjrwfrsm;jzpfay:vmatmif
buf'Drkdua&pDtpkd;&tkyfcsKyfonfh u jrefrmhjyKjyifajymif;vJa&;jzpfpOf vkyfaqmifEkdifvdrfhrnf[k arQmfvifh&
pepfokdY cJ&mcJqpfajymif;vJusifhokH; tay: rqif r jcif o abmrsKd ; jzif h aMumif; rpwm*sKd;Zufpwpf*vpfu
vsuf&Sdonfh jrefrmEkdifiH\ tajc taumif;jrifpdwfxm;&Sdjcif;rsKd;ukd qkdygonf/ wkwfjynfolYorw
taeonf ,k H M unf p d w f c s&aom owdjyKoifhaMumif; EkdifiHwum EkdifiHonf w&m;pD&ifa&;pepf tm;
vrf;aMumif;ay:okdYa&muf&SdaeNyD[k tokdif;t0dkif;ukd wkdufwGef;ajymqkdNyD; enf;csufrsm;pGm&Sdaeonfh EkdifiHjzpf
tuJcwfavhvmoltcsKdUu tjyK ,if;jzpfpOfonf aemufaMumif; jyef aomfvnf; vGecf o
hJ nfh q,fpEk pS o
f ;Hk ck
Edk
POLITICS
25
VOICE
The
ucsifppfab;wpfESpfjynUf
Nidrf;csrf;a&;qEjyKyGJ usif;yrnf
EkdifiHom;rsm;\pm;0wfaea&; rajz&Sif;EkdifbJ
rtkyfcsKyf[k OD;atmifrif;qkd
pmrsufESm 24 rS
vkdufNyD;aemuf a':atmifqef;pkMunf\
tqkdygc&D;pOfukd yxrqkH;a0zef
ajymqko
d nfh tBuHay;yk*Kd vfvnf;jzpf
onf/ e,l;a,mufwidk ;f rfowif;pmyg
aomrwfpzf v
l m\ aqmif;yg;wpfy'k f
url a':atmif q ef ; pk M unf o nf
jrefrmEkdifiHwGif vGefpGmemrnfausmf
vlBudKufrsm;onfhyk*dKvfwpfOD;jzpf&m
,ckvkd a0zefajymqkdrIonf &Sm;&Sm;
yg;yg;yifjzpfaMumif; a&;om;onf/
a':atmif q ef ; pk M unf o nf
c&D;pOftwGif; xkdif;EkdifiHrS jrefrm
a&TUajymif;vkyfom;rsm;? e,fpyfa'o
&Sd 'kuo
nfrsm;ESiahf wGUqkcH NhJ yD; if;wkYd
uvnf; olYukd0rf;yef;wom BudKqkd
cJhMuonfukd awGU&onf/ xkdif;EkdifiH
wG i f apmif a &trsm;qk H ; jzpf o nf h
xkdif;&wf (Thai Rath) owif;pmurl
]tmkHzrf;pm;xm;onfh a':atmifqef;
pkMunf} [ka&;om;azmfjyonf/
tjcm;aomxk d i f ; rD ' D , mrsm;
tqk d t & a':atmif q ef ; pk M unf
c&D;pOfudk tqifjh rift
h &m&SBd uD;rsm;\
c&D;pOfwpfco
k zG,rf sm;pGmta&;ray;&ef
xkdif;EkdifiHjcm;a&;0efBuD;Xmeu nTef
Mum;xm;aMumif;? xkid ;f -jrefrme,fpyf
a'o&Sd 'kuo
nfpcef;rsm;okYo
d mG ;a&muf
cGifhjyKcJhaomfvnf; rdefYcGef;ajymqkdcGifh
rjyKcahJ Mumif;od&onf/ a':atmifqef;
pkMunfu rdrcd &D;pOfonf rnfow
l pfO;D
wpfa,mufudkrQ xd c d k u f e pf e mrI
r&SdygaMumif;ajymqdkonf/
arQmfvifUcsufacgif;aqmifESpfOD;
tqkdygc&D;pOftwGif; jrefrm
EkdifiHokdY0ifa&mufrnfh EkdifiHjcm;&if;ESD;
jrKyfESHolrsm;? pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;&Sif
BuD;rsm;tay: a':atmifqef;pkMunf
\ rSwfcsufay;ajymqkdrIrsm;aMumifh
&if;ESD;jrKyfESHrIrsm;udk [efYwm;vkduf
ovkdjzpfoGm;rnfukd pdk;&drfMuolrsm;
&S d o vk d or w BuD ; OD ; od e f ; pd e f E S i f h
a':atmifqef;pkMunftMum; qufqH
a&; xdcu
dk yf sujf ym;rnfuv
dk nf; pk;d &drf
ylyefolrsm;&Sdonf/ jrefrmhEkdifiHa&;
avhvmol trnfrazmfvo
dk l ynm&Sif
wpfO;D url ]]'Dru
dk a&pDpcH sed f pHEeI ;f awG
t&ajymr,fq&dk if a':atmifqef;pkMunf
ajymwJh rSwfcsufawG[m rrSm;ygbl;/
vGwfvyfwJh w&m;pD&ifa&;pepfawG
r&Sdao;bl;qkdwmvnf;rSefygw,f/
'gayrJ h tck v k d t ajctaersKd ; u
toGiful;ajymif;a&;jzpfpOfxJrSmyJ
&Sdaeao;wmqkdawmh wjznf;jznf;
csif; ykHazmf,loGm;MurSjzpfrSmyg/
wpfqifhcsif;pD ykHrSeful;ajymif;oGm;rS
atmifjrifjzpfxeG ;f rI&&Srd mS yg/ tarSmif
zkH;wJhacwfumvqkd;BuD;xJrSm aevm
cJ h M uwmyg/ t&if w k e f ; uqk d & if
tckvkdtajctaersK;d ukd pdwu
f ;l awmif
,OfvYdrk &bl;}}[k ok;H oyfajymqko
d nf/
tqkyd gc&D;pOfupd E iS yhf wfouf
ZGefv 5 &ufaeYxkwf EkdifiHykdif jrefrmh
tvif;owif;pmwGif aqmif;yg;
wpfyk'fyg&SdvmNyD; aqmif;yg;wGif
]EkdifiHwum&if;ESD;jrKyfESHolrsm;ukd
jrefrmEkdifiHukd taumif;rjrif&ef
ajymMum;rI? &if;ESD;jrKyfESHrIrsm;twGuf
tmrcHcsuf&Sdonfh w&m;Oya'pkd;rkd;rI
r&S d a Mumif ; ajymMum;rI r sm;onf
zGifhxm;aomwHcg;udk rdrdbmom
jyefydwfonfh taetxm;rsKd;jzpfrnf
ukdpkd;&drfaMumif;} a&;om;xm;onf
ukd awGU&ygonf/
rSm a':atmifqef;pkMunfu,
dk w
f idk u
f
olwufa&mufcJhaom tcrf;tem;
rsm;pGmESihf awGUqkaH r;jref;cef;rsm;wGif
orwBuD;OD;odef;pdefonf jrefrm
Ek d i f i H a &;jyKjyif a jymif ; vJ a &;wG i f
d;k om;ajzmifrh wfow
l pfO;D jzpfaMumif;
rMumcPqkdovkd xkwfazmfajymqkd
xm;jcif;aMumifhjzpfonf/
]]jrefrmhEkdifiHa&;wGif vGwfvyf
a&;&NyD;uwnf;u ay:aygufcJhonfh
ol U buf u k d , f h b uf t jrif a wG ?
buf t awG ; awG ? buf t pG J a wG
uif;a0;NyD; jynfolYbufwpfzuf
wnf;ukyd aJ &S;IO;D wnfMuwJh Ekid if aH &;
,Ofaus;rIwpf&yfaqmifMuOf;ay;yg}}[k
tqk d y gowif ; pmaqmif ; yg;wG i f
a&;om;xm;NyD; jrefrmjynfov
l x
l \
k
tem*wfonf orwBuD; OD;odef;pdef
ESifh a':atmifqef;pkMunfwkdYtay:
wGif rsm;pGmrScD adk eaMumif; rD;armif;xk;d
azmfjyxm;ygonf/
atmif a usmf p d k ;
Ref: New York Times and
Washington Post
26
VOICE
The
LOCAL
NEWS MAKER
iHawmforw OD;odef;pdeftaejzihf &efukefNrdKUESifh teD;wpf0kduf jzpfyGm;vsuf&Sdaom pufkH? tvkyfkHtcsKdUrS tvkyform;rsm;\ vkyfcvpmwkd;jrifhay;&ef qEjyawmif;qkdrIrsm;?
&efukefNrdKUESihfteD;wpf0kduf vQyfppfrD;tjynfht0&&Sda&; qExkwfazmfrIrsm;ukd at;csrf;pGmajz&Sif;ay;&ef oufqkdif&m0efBuD;Xme? tmPmykdifrsm;\aqmif&GufaerIrsm;ukd teD;uyf
BuD;Muyfvrf;nTefrIay;Ekdif&eftwGuf jynfwGif;&Sdae&efvkdtyfojzifh xkdif;c&D;pOfukda&TUqkdif;&jcif;jzpfonf[k EkdifiHjcm;a&;0efBuD;Xme jynfaxmifpk0efBuD; OD0P
P armif
armifvGifu ajymMum;
aMumif; EkdifiHawmforwkH;0ufbfqkdufwGif ,aeYxkwfjyefxm;onf/
ulvu
f Ekid if jH cm;a&;0efBuD;Xme? jynf onf xkdif;EkdifiH befaumufNrdKUwGif orwkH;u owif;xkwfjyefonf/
axmifpk0efBuD; OD0ParmifvGiftm; 2012 ckESpf arv 31 &ufaeYrS ZGefv
urmYpD;yGm;a&;zkd&rfokdY rwuf
w,fvzD ek ;f jzifq
h ufo,
G Nf yD; Ekid if aH wmf 1 &ufaeYtxdusif;yrnfh (21)Budrf a&muf&ef orwOD;odef;pdef\ qkH;
orw\ xkdif;EkdifiHc&D;pOf a&TUqkdif; ajrmuf ta&SUtm&S urmYpD;yGm;a&; jzwfcsurf mS a':atmifqef;pkMunf\
cJ&h jcif;twGuf pdwrf aumif;ygaMumif; zkd&rfESihfqufpyf xkdif;EkdifiHokdY cspf tvnf t ywf c &D ; ES i h f rquf p yf
ESifh ESpzf uftqifajycsdew
f iG jf yefvnf Munfa&;c&D;oGm;a&muf&ef ESpfzuf aMumif; OD0ParmifvGif\ajymMum;
vma&mufapvkdaMumif; ajymMum; tpkd;&csif; ndEIdif;pDpOfcJhaomfvnf; csufukd ukd;um; rpwmql&maygif
&mwGif jynfaxmifpk0efBuD; OD;0P rdrdbufrS taMumif;rnDnGwfojzihf u ajymMum;NyD; ,if;twGuf ESpEf idk if H
armifvGifu txufygtwkdif; jyef a&TUqkdif;vkdufygaMumif; xkdif;tpkd;& qufqHa&;ukd rxdckduf[k xkdif;EkdifiH
vnfajymMum;jcif;jzpfonf/
bufokdY arv 27 &ufaeYwGifvnf; jcm;a&;0efBuD;u qufajymaMumif;
jynfaxmifpkorwjrefrmEkdifiH aumif;? ZGefv 1 &ufaeYwGifvnf; xkdif;EkdifiHtajcpkduf befaumufykdYpf
awmf? EkdifiHawmforw OD;odef;pdef aumif; today;taMumif;Mum;cJah Mumif; owif;pmwGif owif;azmfjycJo
h nf/<
Edkif
EMPLOYMENT
MEDIA
armif0Ho owif;ynmoifwef;zGifU
&efukef? ZGef 7
EdkifiHa&;aqmif;yg;rsm; OD;pm;
ay;azmfjyvsuf&Sdaom jynfolYacwf
*sme,f tBuHay;t,f'Dwm? 0g&ifh
owif;pmq&m armif0Hou oHk;v
Mum jynfolYacwfowif;pmynm
oifwef;udk ZGev
f 4 &ufaeYwiG f pwif
zGifhvSpfcJhaMumif; if;\ Facebook
tifwmeufpmrsufEmS wGif azmfjyxm;
onf/
touf 35 ESpaf tmuf tajccH
ynm txufwef;atmifjrifxm;ol?
t*Fvyd pf m tajccH&o
dS rl sm;wufa&muf
Edik Nf yD; vuf&Sdowif;*sme,frsm;wGif
vkyu
f ikd af eolrsm;taejzifh oufqikd &f m
*sme,ft,f'Dwm\ axmufcHcsuf
yg&SdrnfjzpfaMumif; oifwef;pnf;
urf;csufwGifazmfjyxm;onf/
oifwef;wufa&mufvdkolrsm;
taejzifh maungwuntha@gmail.com
ESihf oifwef;twGi;f a&;rSL; zke;f eHygwf
09402558685 xH qufoG,far;
jref;EdkifaMumif;od&Sd&onf/
<
rEav;? ZGef 7
EdkifiHtwGif; vnfywfaeaom
aiGaMu;yrmPudk jrefrmEdkifiHawmf
A[db
k Pfuom od&EdS ikd &f m xdo
k Ykd usyf
wpfaomif;weftopf xkwfa0jcif;
onf aiGaMu;rl0g't&? vdktyfcsuf
t& xkwfa0jcif;omjzpfEdkifaMumif;
OD;&Jrif;OD;uqdkonf/
&Sdoifhaom vnfywfaiGaMu;
yrmPxuf ydkrdkdkufESdyfxkwfa0jcif;
r[kwfbJ vnfywfaeaom aiGaMu;
yrmPtwGi;f xnfo
h iG ;f du
k Ef ydS yf gu
ukefaps;EIef;ESifh aiGaMu;azmif;yGrIudk
pdk;&drf&efrvdkaMumif; avhvmoltcsKdU
u qdkonf/
]]vnfywfaiGudk xyfwdk;dkuf
wm r[kwb
f ;l qd&k ifawmh bmrS rjzpf
Edik yf gbl;}} [k OD;jrifOh ;D u ajymqdo
k nf/
w&m;0ifowif;aMunmcsdef
wGirf l w&m;0ifa&Taps;u ydwo
f mG ;NyD/
odkYaomf jyifya&Tta&mif;t0,faps;
uGuw
f iG f em&Dyikd ;f aps;wufomG ;onf/
rlvaps; wpfusyfom;ckepfodef;wpf
aomif;rS ckepfodef;ESpfaomif;ausmf
odkY/ vmrnfh 12em&DtwGif; aps;
tzGifhudkrl apmifhMunfh&OD;rnf/
] wpfaomif;wefqw
k d m tar&duef
a':vmeJY wGufr,fqdk&if bmrS rod
omayr,fNh ynfwiG ;f yuwdtajctae
eJYwGuf&if tenf;eJYtrsm; ukefaps;
EIef;wufoGm;Edkifw,f}}[k a'gufwm
atmifudkudku qdkonf/
usyfwpfaomif;weftopf\
jrifomaom aumif;usKd;rSm aiGom;
udkif vltzJGUtpnf;tqifhom&Sdao;
aom jrefrmhaps;uGuftwGif; o,f
,lrIvG,fulvmjcif;jzpfonf/ bPf
twGif; 0efxrf;o,f,lae&onfh
a>ra&cGHtdwfrsm; ydkrkdayghyg;vmrnf/
]]twefBuD;udik &f awmh oufom
wmaygh/ aiGvufajymif;vufvJT rsm;
rsm; vkyfvdkY&wmaygh}} [k OD;odef;cdkif
uqdkonf/
,if;wefzdk;BuD;aiGpuLaMumifh
aiGpuLdu
k Ef ydS pf &dwyf rkd o
kd ufom vm
BUYING GUIDE
27
VOICE
The
SERVICE
ukd,fU&JYzcifpdwfMunfEl;atmif wpfpHkwpfckvkyfay;r,fqdk
tuefYtowf&SdaeolawG twGuf
uawmh 'D v d k t pD t pOf r sKd ; av;u
tqifajyEdkifygvdrfhr,f/
zcifrsm;aeYudk udk,fhbmom
qE&Sdovdk pDpOfay;&ifvnf; &Edkif
wmygyJ / Oyrm-td r f u d k o G m ;NyD ;
ud,
k x
f v
d ufa&mufuefawmh&ifyjJ zpf
jzpf ? zcif B ud K uf w wf w mav;yJ
0,fay;ay;? 0,fauR;auR; povdk
rsKd;aygh/ ckuawmh [dkw,fwpfckckrSm
ukd pdwfauseyfatmif vkyfaqmifay;
vkdY &Ekdifygvdrfhr,f/
tJ'guawmh Chatrium Hotel
&JU Tiger Hill Chinese Restaurant rSm
vmr,fh ZGefv 17 &ufaeYrSm
'DEpS t
f wGuf Father'rs Day qdw
k hJ taz
rsm;aeYusa&mufrSmrdkY udk,fh&JUzcif
twG u f wpf p H k w pf c k a v;awmh
pdwfMunfEl;pdwfauseyfatmif pDpOf
ay;csif w ,f q d k w J h o l a wG t wG u f
Chatrium Hotel Royal Lake Yangon
&JU txl;tpDtpOfwpfcu
k k d Teaf y;ygr,f/
'Great Gift for Your Great
Dad' azazhtwGuf tzd;k wefvufaqmif
28
VOICE
The
'
NET N TECH
VOICE
The
Vol.8 / No.25
June 11 - 17 , 2012
WEBSITE
udk,fwdkifav,mOfarmif;ovdk cHpm;MunfUr,f
b,fvdkoGm;&w,f? b,frSm&yf&
w,fqdkwm em;vnfrS upm;&ifydk
aumif;r,fh Game av;yg/ Game
&J U k y f x G u f u t&rf ; aumif ; wJ h
twGuf wu,fah v,mOfukd ud,
k w
f ikd f
armif;ae&ovdk cHpm;Edkifr,fh Game
av;wpfcv
k Ykd qd&k ygw,f/ wpfae&m&m
vkyfvdkY&ygw,f/
n
TECH
ud,
k Uf Wireless Network xJrmS b,foal wGo;kH aevJ
tckacwfxJrSm
Wireless Net-
work awGut
kd oH;k rsm;vmMuNyD; ud,
k hf
rSmusawmh ESpfzGJUcGJ
NyD; ypfcwf&rSmjzpfNyD; Capture The
Flag Mode rSmusawmh wpfzufeJY
wpfzuf av,mOf 10 pD;ay;xm;rSm
jzpfNyD; wpfzufutvHudk udk,fhbuf
udk o,foGm;&rSmjzpfygw,f/ Defend the Base rSmusawmh udk,fh&JU
ae&mudk wpfzufu vmwdu
k w
f mawG
udk BuHhBuHhcHNyD; umuG,fay;&rSmyg/
tJ'D Game wdik ;f rSm ajryHw
k pfcpk yD g0ifwhJ
twGuf ajryHx
k yfrmS vnf; ryl&ygbl;/
ppcsif; upm;r,fholawGtwGufu
awmh Tutorial udkt&ifqHk;aqmhNyD;rS
Missions Mode
av,mOfudk udk,fwdkifarmif;
ovdrk sK;d cHpm;Edik rf ,fh av,mOfarmif;
wJh Game av;udk ajymjyay;csifyg
w,f/ tJ'D Game u av,mOfawG
udk wpfzufeJYwpfzuf ypf&wJh Game
jzpfNyD; olYrSm iPad csif;csdwfNyD; ypfwJh
Multiplayer Mode vnf ; yg0if y g
w,f/ aemufxyf Tutorial yg0ifwJh
twG u f v nf ; pupm;cgpol a wG
twGufvnf; tqifajyaprSmjzpfNyD;
Campaign Mode rS m tcef ; vd k u f
Zmwfvrf;yHpk u
H pm;&rSmyg/ DogFight
WEBSITE
xJuaeMunfrU ,f
awmh https://play. google.com/store/
apps/details?id= org.firstmm.reader
rSm tcrJh Download vkyfvdkY&rSmyg/
n
&ifawmh http://www.nirsoft.net/utils/
udk Download jyK
vkyNf yD; WNetWater.exe udk Double
Click ESy
d f ekH YJ ud,
k hf Wireless Network
xJrSmb,folawG0ifNyD; toHk;jyKae
w,fqw
dk mudk Munfv
h Ydk &Ekid rf mS yg/
wnetwatcher.zip
SOFTWARE
OPINION
29
VOICE
The
t,f'DwmcifAsm;
2.6.2012 paeaeYwGifxGuf&Sdaom The Voice Weekly pmrsufESm 38 wGifyg0ifaom tar;tajz ajzqdkol&JUtajzpum;rsm;rSm aq;ynm&yfe,fy,fwpfckvkH;udk jynfolvlxk\ txiftjrif
vGJrSm;oGm;apEkdifovdk ,HkMunfudk;pm;rIvnf; usqif;oGm;EkdifwJhtwGuf uRefawmfjyefvnfajz&Sif;csufxkwfxm;ygw,f/ tckwGJ&ufvnf; xnfhay;vkdufygw,f/ uRefawmfhbavmhjzpfwJh www.
academicmedicines.blogspot.com rSmvnf;wifxm;ygw,f/ uRefawmhfaqmif;yg;udkvnf; jyKjyifNyD;tqifajyovdk oHk;Ekdifygw,f/
jrefrmhusef;rma&;pepf\ tem*wf
uRefawmfwdkYaq;ausmif;wufaewkef;u q&mrsm;ajymcJhwJh pum;wpfcGef;&Sdygw,f/ tJ'gbmvJqdkawmh jrefrmjynfrSmq&m0efjzpf&wm tawmfuHaumif;w,fqdkwJhpum;yg/ bmvdkYvJqdkawmh
jrefrmvlrsKd;awG[m tifrwefoabmaumif;NyD; onf;cHcGifhvTwfwwfwJhvlrsKd;rsm;yg/ EkdifiHjcm;rSm aq;ausmif;om;qdk&if vlemudkxdcGifhudkifcGifhawmifr&Sdayr,fh 'DrSmawmh vlemawGtrsm;BuD;udk prf;oyf
Ekdifygw,f/ ar;jref;Ekdifygw,f/ vlemawGuvnf; q&m0efi,fav;awGudk 0dkif;0ef;ulnDay;Muygw,f/ jrefrmjynfu vlemawG[m aq;ausmif;om; q&m0efjzpfzdkY aemufqHk;pmar;yGJrSm vlawGUajz
wJhtcsdef ausmif;om;rSm;ae&ifawmif tawGUtBuHK&SdwJhvlemqdk&if ausmif;om;udk q&mtqlrcH&atmif 0dkif;0ef;ulnDay;MuwJh tifrwefcspfzdkYaumif;wJh vlemawGjzpfygw,f/ q&m0eftrSm;vkyfcJhrd
&ifawmifcGifhvTwfay;wwfwJh apwemaumif;wJhvlemawGjzpfMuygw,f/ 'gaMumihf q&m0efawGbufuvnf; vlemudk twwfEkdifqHk; tukeftusoufomatmif? a0'emoufomatmif rdrd&JU rdom;pk
0ifawGvdkrsKd; apwemxm;NyD; jyKpkukoay;cJhMuygw,f/ tckawmh tm;vHk;ajymif;vJoGm;wmudk vlwkdif;owdxm;rdrSmyg/ jzpfcJhwJhtjzpftysufawGaMumifh tcktcgrSm uRefawmfwdkYEkdifiH&JU cspfp&maumif;
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
wJh q&m0efeJY vlemqufqHa&;ysufjym;oGm;NyD qdkwmudk uRefawmfwdkY0rf;enf;pGmeJYyJ jrifawGUae&ygNyD/ vlemeJY q&m0efMum;rSm &SdwJh,HkMunfrIu ysufokOf;oGm;NyD; vlemu q&m0efudk oHo,rsufvHk;
eJY Munhfovdk q&m0efawGbufuvnf; rdrdbufu vHkNcHKrI&Sdatmif tukefvHk;udk pdwfcs&atmif vkyfvmwJhtwGufaMumifh vlemawGbufrSm tukeftusawGrsm;? tcsdefawGMumvm&ygw,f/
uRefawmfwdkYEkdifiHrSm rD'D,mudktm;udk;NyD; q&m0efawGudk vufndK;xkLETTER
d;aewJhtjzpfawG trsm;BuD
; jzpfvmwmud
k tm;vHk;owdxm;rdrSmyg/ 'gayrJh q&m0efawGbufu jzpfjzpfajrmufajrmufjyefNyD;
TO THE
EDITOR
ajz&Sif;wmudk uRefawmfrawGUrdygbl;/ pum;enf;&efpJoabmrsKd;vm;awmhvnf; rodyg/ 'gayrJh tJvdkrsKd;wdwfwqdwfaeaewmu q&m0efeJYvlemMum;xJu oHo,awGudk ydkNyD; BuD;xGm;vmapyg
w,f/ vlemawGbufu 'Dq&m0efawGrmS ;aevdYk bmrSjyefrajymwm jzpfr,fvYkdxifvmEkid yf gw,f/ jzpfcw
hJ hJ tjzpftysuaf wGrmS q&m0eftrSm;awG&adS eovdk q&m0efrrSm;bJeYJ vlemtxifvaJG ewJh tjzpftysuf
awGvnf; trsm;BuD;&Sdaeygw,f/ Oyrmajym&&if SSC rSmjzpfyGm;cJhwJh aoG;vGefwkyfauG;a&m*gudk tltwufaygufw,fxifNyD; cGJpdwfcJhwJh q&m0efBuD;rSm vlemudkaocsmprf;oyfar;jref;zdkY usefcJhwJh
LETTER
TO
THE
tjypf&ydS gw,f/ 'gayrJh SSC rSmyJjzpfcw
hJ hJ uav;txJrmS aoaewmudk rcGaJ y;vdYk vlemao&w,fqw
kd hJ tjzpftysuEDITOR
rf mS awmh q&m0efrmS tjypfr&Sb
d J kww
f &ufaoqH;k oGm;wJt
h wGuf txifvaJG eMuwmyg/
rD'D,mawG&JU cH,lcsuf[mrSefygw,f/ trsm;jynfolawGbufu &yfwnfay;r,fqkdwJh &nf&G,fcsufeJY epfemw,fxifwJhbufuaeNyD; a&;w,fqdkwmudk em;vnfygw,f/ 'gayrJh aemufydkif;jzpf
vmwJh tusKd;qufawGuawmh rD'D,mawG&JU uRrf;usifolrsm;eJY aocsmaqG;aEG;NyD; tjzpftysufwpfckudk rSm;onfrSefonf pHkprf;zdkYysufuGufcJhwJhtwGufaMumifh q&m0efeJY vlemqufqHa&; ysufjym;
oGm;&ygw,f/ uRefawmfajymcsifwmu q&m0efrSm;wJhtcgrSm q&m0eftrSm;udk em;vnfolawGeJY aocsmar;jref;NyD; axmufjya&;om;Ekdifygw,f/ uRefawmfvufcHygw,f/ 'gayrJh q&m0eftrSm;r[kwf
bJ vlemtxifvGJoGm;wmudk aocsmrar;jref;rpHkprf;bJ q&m0eftjypfvdkrsKd; a&;om;wJhtcgrSmawmh trsm;BuD;epfemMu&ygw,f/ epfemw,fqdkwm q&m0efwpfa,mufwnf;r[kwfbJ vlemvnf;
epfemygw,f/ EkdifiHjcm;rSm aq;ukozl;wJholawG[m aq;ukocb,favmufaps;BuD;vJqdkwm odMurSmyg/ aq;ukorI ukefusp&dwfudkMunhf&if a&m*gukwmxuf a&m*gudktajz&SmwJhtwGuf
ukefrIuydkNyD;rsm;aewwfwmudk owdxm;rdygvdrfhr,f/ tJ'gbmvdkYvJqdkawmh olwdkYEdkifiHawGrSm aq;ukoawmhr,fqdk&if q&m0efawGu olwdkYbufu tvGefrjzpfatmif trSm;r&Sdatmif a&m*geJY
ywfoufr,fvdkYxifwmawGtm;vHk;udk ppfcdkif;wwfygw,f/ tJ'gaMumifh aq;ppfwJhp&dwfawGuydkNyD; ukefusaewmyg/ uRefawmfwdkYEdkifiHtwGuf jyefMunfh&atmifyg/ rSefygw,f/ wwfEdkifwJholawG
twGufawmh 'DrSmyJppfppf? EdkifiHjcm;rSmyJoGm;ppfppf tukefcHEdkifygw,f/ 'gayrJh uRefawmfwdkYEdkifiH[m qif;&JwJhEdkifiHwpfckyg/ EdkifiHom;trsm;pk[m qif;&JMuNyD; pm;0wfaea&;twGuf kef;uefae&olawG
yg/ usef;rma&;apmifha&SmufrI tpdk;&u ay;EdkifwJh yrmPenf;vGef;wJhtwGuf a&m*gjzpfvm&if rdrdydkufqHeJY uko&olawGyg/ tJvdkvlemawGudk q&m0efu tJvdkrsKd;a&m*geJYywfoufr,fxifwmawG
tm;vHk;udk ppfcdkif;r,fqdk&if olwdkYbufu b,fvdkaervJqdkwmudk pOf;pm;Munfhyg/
pm;zdkYawmiftEdkifEdkifjzpfaeolawGrSm tJavmufaq;ukozdkYtwGuf oHk;Edkifrvm;qdkwm pOf;pm;Munfhyg/ tck uRefawmfwdkYBuHKaewm tJvdkrsKd;jzpfaeygNyD/ vlemawGu q&m0eftrSm;udkaxmufNyD;
w&m;wabmifjzpfvmrSmudk pdk;vmwJhtwGufaMumifh q&m0efawG[m vlemawGudk vHk;0aocsmatmif tm;vHk;ppfcdkif;vmwJhtcgrSm vlemawGbufuvnf; trsm;BuD;epfemvmygw,f/ Oyrmajym&&if
q&m0efBuD;wpfa,muf[m vlem&JUa0'emudk prf;oyfHkeJY 70 &mcdkifEIef;avmufa&m*gudk rSefatmifcefYrSef;Edkifygw,f/ aq;ppfp&mrvdkbJ p&dwfoufoufomomeJY a&m*gudk ukoEdkifygw,f/ 'gayrJh
ukorIrmS wpfcck ck sKUd ,Gi;f vdYkaomfvnf;aumif;? vlem&JUa&m*gtajctaeaMumifah omfvnf;aumif; vlemtouftE&m,fxcd u
kd o
f mG ;Edik yf gw,f/ tJvrkd sK;d tajctaerSm jyemawG&v
dS mEdik yf g w,f/ vlembufu
em;vnfay;&if jyemr&Sdayr,fh vlembufu rauseyfwJhtcgrSmawmh q&m0ef[m vdktyfwJhppfaq;csufawG rjyKvkyfygbl;qdkwJh pGJcsufeJY w&m;pGJEdkifygw,f/ tJ'gaMumifh tcktcgrSm q&m0efBuD;
awGbufuvnf; a&m*gudk cefYreS ;f Edik af yr,fh vH;k 0aocsmatmif ppfaq;csuaf wGtrsK;d rsK;d vkycf ikd ;f vm&ygw,f/ vlemvnf; p&dwaf xmif;vmygw,f/ 'Dvrkd sK;d q&m0efef YJ vlemMum;u tjzpftysuaf wGaMumifh
tcktcgrSm q&m0efawG[m rD'D,mawG&JUtmHkpdkufrIudkcHvm&ygw,f/ q&m0efawGbufuvnf; vlemukowJhae&mrSm t&ifuavmuf vGwfvGwfvyfvyf rpOf;pm;Edkif rvkyfEdkifawmhygbl;/
jyemawGjzpfvmrSmudk aMumufvefYae&NyD; rdrdbufu wwfEdkiforQ pdwfcs&atmifvkyfvmMuygw,f/ 'DaeY 2-6-2012 paeaeYxGufwJh The Voice Weekly rSmygwJh tjzpftysufav;wpfckudk
wifjycsifygw,f/ jynfNrdKUyk*v
du aq;HkrSmaoqHk;oGm;cJhwJh trsKd;om;wpfa,muf&JUzcifeJY awGUqHkar;jref;cef;av;yg/ tJ'D*sme,fu ar;jref;cef;udk zwfMunfh&if jrefrm jynfolawG q&m0efawGtay:
b,favmufawmiftjrifapmif;aevJqdkwmudk odjrifEdkifygw,f/ tJ'D*sme,frSmygwJh tcsuftvufawG[m q&m0efawGudk tjrifapmif;zdkYjzpfaewJhtwGufvnf; uRefawmf Mum;xJu 0ifajz&Sif;wmyg/
tJ'Dtjzpftysufudk tMurf;zsif;jyefajym&&if vlemu yk*vduaq;HkrSmwufw,f/ NyD;awmh vlemuG,fvGefoGm;ygw,f/ tJ'gtazjzpfol OD;armifarmifu q&m0efawG? olemjyKawGtrSm;aMumifh
om;jzpfolaoqHk;&ygw,fqdkNyD; tqifhqifhwdkifMum;ygw,f/ 'gayrJh b,folurS ta&;,lrIrjyKbl;qdkNyD; rD'D,mudk wdkifMum;wmjzpfygw,f/ The Voice udkzwfvdkufwJholawG uawmh od&SdrSmyg/
aoqHk;ol[m tonf;a&mifwJha&m*geJYywfoufNyD; aq;HkrSm wufa&mufukorIcH,lcJhygw,f/ aq;HkrSm ae&if;eJYudk vlem[m tajctaeydkNyD;qdk;vmNyD; uG,fvGefoGm;cJh&ygw,f/ 'DtcgrSm
tazjzpfol,lqwmu om;jzpfolaoqHk;&wmu aq;Hkuay;wJhaq;awGaMumifh olYom;tajctaeydkqdk;vm&w,fvdkY xifygw,f/ tjypfwifxm;wJhaq;uawmh Ceftriaxone vdkYac:wJh xdk;aq;
wpfrsKd;yg/ 'Dae&mrSm uRefawmfoHk;oyfrd&oavmuf aoqHk;ol&JUa&m*gudk cefYrSef;&&ifawmh tonf;a&mifNyD; tonf;ysufpD;oGm;wJhtwGuf aoqHk;&w,fvdkY,lq&ygw,f/ bmvdkYvJqdkawmh vlem
zcif&JUtqdkt& olYom;[m tonf;a&mifNyD;aq;Hkwuf&w,f/ aq;HkwufNyD;csdefrSmawmh *emrNidrfawmhbJ aMumifawmifawmifjzpfvmw,fvdkY qdkygw,f/ tJ'gu bmudkjyvJqdkawmh tonf;a&mif
NyD; tonf;ysufpD;wJhtwGuf tonf;u pGefYxkwfacszsufzdkYvdktyfwJh"mwfawG racszsufEdkifawmhvdkY tJ'D"mwfawGu OD;aESmufudka&mufNyD; aMumifawmifawmifjzpfvmwmyg/ 'DvlemrSr[kwfygbl;/
uRefawmfwdkY tpdk;&aq;HkawGrSm trsm;tjym;awGYzl;ygw,f/ 'DvkdjzpfvmNyDqkd&ifawmh twwfEkdifqHk;vkyfEkdifwmu tonf;tpm;xkd;zdkYyJjzpfygw,f/ uRefawmfwkdYEkdifiHrSm vkyfzdkYrvG,fbJ EdkifiHjcm;rSmyJ
oG m ;vk y f & ygw,f / vl e maoqH k ; &wJ h t aMumif ; &if ; u tonf ; ysuf p D ; aewmud k tonf ; tpm;xd k ; rI r vk y f E k d i f w J h t wG u f a Mumif h aoqH k ; &wmyg/ Ceftriaxone aMumif h r [k w f ygbl ; /
OD;armifarmifqufvufajymMum;wmu Cetrixone [m 'Da&m*grsKd;rSm oHk;vdkYr&bJ toHk;jyKcJhwJhtwGufaMumifh olYom;ao&w,fvdkYajymygw,f/ tJ'gvnf;rSm;ygw,f/ Ceftriaxone udk
tonf;raumif;wJhvlemrSm vkH;0roHk;&wJh Contraindication r[kwfygbl;/ owdeJY toHk;jyK&wJh Caution omjzpfygw,f/ jrefrmjynf&JU aq;Hkawmfawmfrsm;rsm;rSm Ceftrixone udk t"duydk;owfaq;
taeeJY tokH;jyKMuygw,f/ 'Dae&mrSmydk;owfaq;toHk;jyK&wJh &nf&G,fcsufuawmh tonf;uaeNyD; cEmudk,ftwGufvkdtyfwJh tumtuG,f"mwfawG rxkwfay;EkdifawmhwJhtwGufaMumifh ydk;0if
a&mufjcif;uaeNyD; umuG,fEkdifatmif toHk;jyK&wmyg/ aemufwpfcsufuawmh OD;armifarmif[m olemjyKawGeJY pum;rsm;cJhwJhtwGufaMumifh olYom;udkaoatmifwrifypfxm;w,fvkdYqkdygw,f/
'Dae&mrSm OD;armifarmifu olemjyKawGeJY aq;kH0efxrf;awGudk b,fvkdqufqHcJhvJqkdwmudkMunfh&if olemjyKawGpdwfqkd;w,fqkdwmjzpfEdkifygw,f/ 'gayrJh tJvdkpdwfqkd;HkeJYawmh vlemudkaoatmif
wrifrypfxm;avmufbl;vkdY uRefawmf,lqygw,f/ tJ'Dudpe JYywfoufNyD;vdkYawmh uRefawmfvnf;taotcsmrodwJhtwGuf bmrSrSwfcsufray;vdkygbl;/ 'gayrJh OD;armifarmifqufajymwmuawmh
ol[m jrefrmEkdifiHrSm&SdorQ tzGJUtpnf;wkdif; (aq;ynmtzGJUtpnf;a&m tpkd;&tzGJUtpnf;rsm;udkyg) wkdifMum;cJhygw,f/ 'gayrJh b,folrSckcsdefxdta&;r,lao;bl;vkdYajymygw,f(vlemuG,fvGef
cJhwmu vGefcJhwJh wpfESpf av;vausmfuyg)/ 'Dae&mrSm pOf;pm;MunfhMuyg/ uRefawmfwkdYEkdifiH[m Oya'r&SdwJh rif;rJhwkdif;jynfr[kwfygbl;/ OD;armifarmifwkdifMum;cJhwmawG[m trSefjzpfcJhr,f?
q&m0efawG? olemjyKawGbufuvnf; rSm;,Gi;f cJrh ,fq&dk if 'DavmuftzGUJ tpnf;awG trsm;BuD;wkid Mf um;cJw
h m ta&;,lraI wGuawmh &Su
d &kd v
dS mrSmyg/ tJ'gudt
k ckxd b,fvrdk t
S a&;,lraI wG r&Sv
d mbl;qkad wmh
b,fbufurSm;aevkdYvJqkdwmudk pOf;pm;MunfhEkdifygw,f/
uRefawmf'Dpmudka&;jzpfwJh t"dutaMumif;&if;uawmh OD;armifarmifajymoGm;wJh pum;jzpfwJh ]]uRefawmfht"du&nf&G,fcsufu 'DEkdifiH q&m0efawG? aq;bufqidk &f muvlawG[m vlem&JUtoufukd
opm? orm"d? ynmqkw
d mawGeYJ u,fwif&r,ft
h pm; 007 License to kill vdrk sK;d taoowfaewmawGukd aemufrjzpfvmatmif wm;qD;zkYdyg}}qkdwJhpum;aMumifhyg/ OD;armifarmifolYom;aoqHk;cJhwJhtwGuf
cHpm;&wmudk pmemem;vnfayr,fh aq;ynme,fy,fwpfckvHk;udk apmfum;oGm;wJh? jynfolawG 'De,fy,fBuD;wpfckvkH;ukd txifvGJrSm;oGm;EkdifwJh? ,HkMunfrIr&Sdapawmhr,fh pum;wpfcGef; udk
vufvGwfpy,fajymoGm;wmuawmh vHk;0vufoifhrcHEkdifyg/ OD;armifarmifajymovdkqkd&if wpfEkdifiHvHk;udk usef;rma&;apmifha&SmufrI ay;aewJh q&m0efawGtm;vHk;[m vlowform;awGjzpf&ygw,f/
aq;HkawGtm;vHk;[mvnf; om;owfcef;awGjzpf&ygw,f/ tpdk;&axmufyHhrIenf;wJhtcsdefrSm &SdwmeJYjzpfatmif apmifha&SmufrIay;aewJh q&m0efawG? 0efxrf;awGtm;vHk;udk apmfum;oGm;jcif;jzpfygw,f/
0efxrf;awG? q&m0efawGxJrSm tusifhysufrIawG&Sdaew,fqkdwmudk uRefawmfvufcHygw,f/ rjiif;ygbl;/ 'gayrJh tJ'gawG[m aq;ynme,fy,fwpfckvHk;udk udk,fpm;rjyKygbl;/ OD;armifarmiftaeeJY
rdrdrauseyfcsufukd ajz&Sif;vkdY&ayr,fh tckvdkrsKd; 0g;vHk;&SnfeJY odrf;usKH;NyD; tukefvHk;udk apmfum;oGm;wmuawmh vHk;0rjzpfoifhygbl;/ tpdk;&uay;wJh udk,fhtwGufawmifravmufwJh vcav;eJY
tpdk;&aq;kHawGrSm ukorIawGay;aewJh q&m0efBuD;awGudk tm;emoifhygw,f/ EGrf;yg;wJhvlemawG? b,folrSef;rodbJ vmypfxm;wJhvlemawGudk udk,fhtdwfxJu pdkufxkwfukoay;aewJh
vufaxmufq&m0efawG? tvkyfoifq&m0efawGudk tm;emoifhygw,f/ tJvdk vlem&JUtnpftaMu;awG? vlem&JUa0,sm0pawGudkvkyfay;ae&wJh olemjyKawG? 0efxrf;awGudkvnf; tm;emoifhygw,f/
'DvkdrsKd;udk azmfjyay;cJhwJh*sme,frSmvnf; wwfuRrf;olawGeJY wkdifyifaqG;aEG;NyD;rS xkwfjyefoifhwJhtpm; 'DvkdrsKd;vufvGwfpy,fxkwfjyefcJhwJhtwGuf wm0ef&Sdygw,f/ usef;rma&;pepfwpfckvHk;udk
vlxk,HkMunfrIvGJrSm;oGm;EkdifwJhtwGuf trsm;BuD; tusKd;,kwfapygw,f/ tcsKyfajym&&if uRefawmfwdkYEkdifiHrSm tckvdkrsKd;q&m0efeJY vlemMum;qufqHa&;ysufjym;vmwJhudp[
m rjzpfoifhrjzpfxkdufwJh
udpwpfckyg/ vlemawGbufuepfemovdk q&m0efawGbufrSmvnf; tifrwefudk taetxkdifusKHUNyD; xdwfvefYvm&ygw,f/ 'DvdkrsKd;udpawG rjzpf&atmif ESpfOD;ESpfzufu ndEdIif;NyD;
tqifajyatmifaqmif&Gufoifhygw,f/ vlemeJY q&m0eftMum;em;vnfrIudk jyefvnfwnfaqmufoifhygw,f/ rD'D,mawGtaeeJYvnf; q&m0efawGbufu rSm;wmudkaxmufjyovdk vlemawGbufu
rSm;aewmawGudkvnf; &Sif;vif;ay;oifhygw,f/ tJ'grS vlemeJY q&m0efMum;u oHo,awGavsmhyg;vmrSmyg/ uRefawmfuawmh tckcsdefxd q&m0efeJY vlemMum; [dkt&ifuvdk cspfzdkYaumif;wJh
qufqHa&;av; jyefNyD;jzpfxGef;vmapcsifygw,f/ tJvdkrsKd;jyefjzpfvmzdkYvnf; ESpfOD;ESpfzuf tm;vHk;0dkif;0ef;ulnDay; apcsifygw,fcifAsm/ 'DvdkrSr[kwf&ifawmh uRefawmfwdkY usef;rma&;pepfBuD;wpfckvHk;
a&pkefarsmNyD; tm;vHk;tusKd;,kwfaprSmjzpfygw,f/ tm;vHk;qifjcifawG;awmEkdifMuygap/
a'gufwmol&defvdIif0if;
www.academicmedicines.blogspot.com
30
VOICE
The
BUYING GUIDE
TIPS
31
VOICE
The
32
PERSPECTIVE
VOICE
The
1961
azazmf0g&D 6 - wwd,tBudrfa&G;aumufyGJ
{NyD 4 - OD;Ek- 0efBuD;csKyftjzpfjyefvnfwm0ef,l
atmufwb
dk m 1 - jrefrm-wkwef ,fjcm;pmcsKyv
f ufrw
S x
f ;kd
azazmf0g&D - &efuek w
f uov
kd af usmif;om;rsm;u wkwjf zL
usL;ausmfrIqefYusifa&;qEjy/
ZGef - awmifBuD;NrdKUwGif vlrsKd;pkaygif;pkHnDvmcHusif;y/
Mo*kwf 26 - vTwfawmfESpf&yfaygif;tpnf;ta0;rS Ak'
bmomudkEkdifiHawmfbmomtjzpf qHk;jzwfjy|mef;/
pufwifbmv - Ak'bmomr[kwfolrsm; auseyfap&ef
]pwkwjyifqifcsufOya'}wifoGif;/
Ek0d ifbm 14 - ajrmufOuvmAvDupd E iS yhf wfoufNyD; t"d
ukPf;jzpf/
1962
Zefe0g&D - jynfaxmifpkygwDuGef*&ufusif;y/ OD;Akdvf
ocif tkyfpkuGJ/
azazmf0g&D - &efuek Nf rdKUwGif zuf'&,fral qG;aEG;(yxrtBudr)f
rwf 1 - &efuek Nf rdKUwGif zuf'&,fral qG;aEG; ('kw,
d tBudr)f
rwf 2 - awmfvSefa&;aumifpDtmPmodrf;/
wwd,tBudrfa&G;aumufyGJ (1960)
1960 jynfhESpf azazmf0g&D 6 &ufaeYwGif wwd,tBudrf
taxGaxGa&G;aumufyBJG uD;udk usi;f ycJyh gonf/ oefY&iS ;f ? wnfNrJ?
y.r.n.w ESihf wpfo;D yk*v
tcsKdU ,SONf ydKifcMhJ uaomfvnf; t"du
tNydKifBuJMu&onfrmS oefY&iS ;f z.q.y.v ESihf wnfNrJ z.q.y.v
wkdYyifjzpfonf/
a&G;aumufyGJrJqG,fumv oefY&Sif;\a<u;aMumfoHrSm
]'Drdkua&pDudka&G;rSmvm;? zufqpfpepfudka&G;rSmvm;? 'Drdkua&pD
udkjrwfEkd;&if tonf;Mum;urJwpfjym;eJY oefY&Sif;udka&G;Mu}[l
jzpfonf/ tdrfapmifhtpdk;&umvudk jzwfoef;cJh&aom rJqE&Sif
vlxk\pdwf"mwfESifh tonf;ESvHk;udk aumif;aumif;qGJaqmif
Ekid cf ahJ om a<u;aMumfo[
H q
k &kd ygvdrrhf nf/ wnfNrJurl a<u;aMumf
oH [kw[
f w
k n
f m;nm;rxkwb
f J ]wdYkawm&Gm pnfaAsmoH omapzdYk}
qdak om ydpk wmBuD;awGuakd xmifNyD; a&G;aumufyaJG Munmpmwrf;udk
omxkwjf yefco
hJ nf/ a&G;aumufyaJG Munmpmwrf;wGirf l ]trawmf
aMu;ESpq
f wd;k ay;rnf} paomvlxBk udKuf rufv;kH awGay;cJo
h nf/
wnfNrJacgif;aqmif OD;AaqGajymcJhaom rdefYcGef;wpfckwGif ]]rJay;
rSm;vQif rarQmfvifhwJhtajctaeqdk;awG awGU&r,f/ IH;vnf;
Ekdif&r,f? Ekdif&ifvnf;Ekdif&r,f}} qdkaom pum;rsm;ygoGm;&m?
vlxkMum;wGif tawmfav;*,ufdkufoGm;cJh&onf/
y.r.n.w \a<u;aMumforH mS ]ppf0g'umuG,af &;? 'Dru
dk a&pD
nGeYfaygif;tpd;k &xlaxmifa&;}[ljzpf&m vlxMk um;wGif oefY&iS ;f \
a<u;aMumfoHavmuf a&yef;pm;vSonfr[kwfyg/ xkdYxuf
rJtuGrJ cHvakd om vlxu
k oefY&iS ;f udo
k m yHak tmrJxnfzh Ykd q;kH jzwf
xm;Mu[ef&Sdonf/ a&G;aumufyGJrJqG,fumvtwGif;rSma&m?
a&G;aumufyu
JG mvwGiyf g wyfrawmft&m&St
d csKdUu wnfNrJbuf
bufvkdufcJhonfrsm;vnf; &Sdonf[kqdkygonf/ (a&G;aumufyGJ
tNyD;wGif tqdyk gwyfrLS ;rsm;udk Akv
d cf sKyfBuD;ae0if;u wyfrx
S u
G f
apcJo
h nf/) qkcd yhJ g OD;AaqGred YfceG ;f (I;H vnf;Ekid &f r,f? Ekid &f ifvnf;
Ekid &f r,fqadk ompum;)aMumifah &m vufeufuikd w
f yfrsm;\ bufvu
kd f
rIaMumifhyg vlxkrSm pdk;&drfxdwfvefYrIrsm;&SdcJhMuaomfvnf; rJHkxJ
a&mufaomtcgwGirf l if;wkYd \qEreS u
f kd azmfxw
k cf MhJ uygonf/
(]vlwnfNrJ-rJoefY&Sif;} qkdaom xdkpOfumv a&yef;pm;cJhonfh
pum;ESifh qufpyfMunfhMuzkdYjzpfonf/) onfvkdESifh aemufqHk;
rJpm&if;a&wGuv
f u
dk af omtcg oefY&iS ;f z.q.y.v uom rJtrsm;pk
udk odrf;usKH;&oGm;ygawmhonf/ qkd&vQif vlxk\'Drkdua&pD
qEudk wpfcJeufjyovdkufjcif;jzpfygonf/ xkdacwfEdkifiHwum
owif;pmtcsKdUuqkdvQif ]vufeufrJhawmfvSefa&;}[lyif wif
pm;a&;om;cJhMuonfrsm;&Sdonf/ azmfjyygZ,m; wGif EkdifiHa&;
tiftm;pktoD;oD;&&SdcJhaom trwfta&twGufudk azmfjyvkduf
ygonf/
a&G;aumufyGJtNyD; vTwfawmftpnf;ta0;udk 1960 {NyD
ygwDtzGJUtpnf;
oefY&Sif;aomzqyv
wnfNrJzqyv
yrnw
&ckdif
rGef
csif;
u,m;
&Srf;
trwfta&twGuf
159
42
0
6
3
3
2
23
yxptpdk;&
qdkcJhNyD;onfhtwkdkif; yxptpdk;&rSm vlxk\tonf;Mum;
rS rJjym;rsm;jzifhwufvmEkdifcJhaomfvnf; vlxkaxmufcHrIudk
wm&Snfxdef;odrf;xm;EkdifcJhonfawmhr[kwfyg/ txl;ojzihf a&G;
aumufyt
JG BudKumvu uwday;cJah om Ak'b
momudk Edik if aH wmf
bmomtjzpf jy|mef;Ekdifa&;udp taumiftxnfazmfaqmif&Guf
&mwGif jyemrsm;pGmESifhBuHKcJh&onf/ Ak'bmomr[kwfaom
tjcm;bmom0ifrsm;\ uefYuGufrIESifhomru aemufydkif;wGif
Ak'b
mom&[ef;awmfrsm;ESiyhf g xdyw
f u
dk w
f ;dk cJ&h onfrsm;&Scd o
hJ nf/
1960 jynfEh pS f {NyD 4 &ufaeYwiG f 0efBuD;csKyfO;D Eku rdru
d wd
twkid ;f Ak'b
momudk Ekid if aH wmfbmomtjzpf jy|mef;owfrw
S Ef ikd f
a&;twGuf ]EdkifiHawmfbmomtBuHay;tzGJU}udk zGJUpnf;cJhonf/
PERSPECTIVE
ajymif;vJrIpDrHjcif; (9)
ygarmu a'guw
f matmifxeG ;f ouf
VOICE
)
9
(
;
f
i
c
j
H
r
D
p
I
r
J
v
;
f
i
m
ajy
33
The
34
VOICE
The
PERSPECTIVE
f
n
u
M
k
p
f;
e
q
f
i
m
t
a
:
'
a
?
f
e
d
p
;
f
e
d
o
;
D
O
U
f
i
S
E
f
e
w
f
i
v
u
D
&
m
v
D
[
?
;
m
tkdbm;r
'Drdku&ufwpfygwD orwavmif;NydKifyGJrSm
a&ukefa&crf;NydKifqdkifcJUMuzl;ygw,f/
tdkbm;rm;u tEdkif&oljzpfayr,fU [Dvm&D
uvifwefu nHUvdkhr[kwfygbl;qdkwm
vlwdkif;odygw,f/ tdkbm;rm;udk,fwdkifu
vufcHygw,f/ 'gaMumifUvnf; tdkbm;rm;u
EdkifiHjcm;a&;0efBuD;&mxl;udkay;zdkh
[Dvm&Duvifwefudk urf;vSrf;cJUwmyg/
tJ'D&mxl;u tar&duefjynfaxmifpkrSm
wwd,tBuD;qHk;&mxl;yg/
[Dvm&Duvifwefuvnf; . . .
]ig rif;om;BuD;rvkyf&&if
ywfrBuD;udkxdk;azmufypfr,f} qdkwJU
pdwf"mwfrsKd;vHk;0r&Sdbl;/
olr&JYwdkif;jynftusKd;yJ
MunfUNyD; vufcHvdkufw,f/
PERSPECTIVE
35
VOICE
The
Opmrwdk;vQifvnf; ukodkvfwdk;csifygonf
a'guw
f macwfopf
r? tpfr}}[k atmfac:aeaom Ward xJrS tvkyform; tyem;\ac:oHaMumifh pm;yGJcHkay: ig;rdepfcefYarSmuf arS;vdkufrnf[kBuHpnfaeaom pdwful;av;rSm aysmufvGifhoGm;
&awmhonf/ ]]tpfr? a,musfm;ckwif eHygwf-* u tpfrazmufcdkif;wJhaoG;vnf; razmufEdkifbl;? aq;vnf;r0,fEdkifbl;wJh/ All FOC BuD; tpfr}}/ wpfnvHk;wufaeaom
vlemrsm;\aZmjzifh reufrdk;vif;cgeD;rS arS;rnf[kBuHaom uRefr\rsufvHk;onf All FOC qdkaompum;aMumifh jyL;us,foGm;&awmhonf/
]]tpf
uRefrwdkhukoay;vdkufaom
vlemrsm;pdwfcsrf;csrf;omomjzifU
aq;0,fEdkifonfudk jrifvdkygonf/
pdwaf jzmifv
U ufajzmifjU zifU "mwfreS f u
kd Ef ikd ?f
aoG;ppfEdkifonfudk jrifvdkygonf/
ukov
kd ?f ynm? OpmwGif Opmr&vQiaf eyg/
ynmryGm;vQifvnf;xm;yg/
odahk omf ukov
kd af wmU uRerf wd0hk efxrf;rsm;
wdk;csifygonf/ ukodkvfwdk;Edkif&eftwGufawmU
ukorItwGufvdktyfaom aq;0g;ypnf;ud&d,m
jynfhpHkvHkavmuf&efvdktyfygonf/
xdt
hk wGuf ukov
kd w
f ;kd &ef
uRerf wdt
hk pd;k &aq;Hrk sm;udk jynfpU pkH mG
ulnDay;Muyg[k awmif;yefvdkufcsifygonf/
pmrsufESm 34 tdkbm;rm;? [Dvm&DuvifwefESifh rStquf
'DaeY vTwfawmf .../
'DaeY EdkifiHa&; tzGJUtpnf;awG .../
'DaeY zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya' .../
'DaeYwdkif;&if;om; jyemawG .../
'DaeY ay;p&m&SdwJhjynfya<u;NrDawG .../
'DaeY jynfya&mufaewJo
h ef;cs&D w
dS ahJ &Tjrefrmtvkyo
f rm;awG .../
1988 ckESpfupNyD; jzpfcJhNyD;wm .../ wef;vef;jzpfaewm
awGukd rajymygeJY/ ,ck 'DaeYqw
kd mawGuykd J pOf;pm;&if pdwrf csrf;
omp&mawG trsm;BuD;&Sdygw,f/
uRefawmfjrifwmuawmh udk,fhygwD olYygwDqdkwJhtpGJudk
a&SUwef;wifNyD; jyemud&k iS ;f Mur,fq&kd if tcsde,
f Ml u&ygr,f/
uRefawmfwifjycJNh yD;ygNyD/ jrefrmawG 'DaeY&ifqikd af eMu&wJh
'kuutcsdefqGJxm;vdkY r&awmhygbl;/
jrpftv,frmS jrKyfawmhr,fo
h abFmay:u 'kuo
nfawGvkd
jzpfaeygNyD/
or w td k b m;rm;eJ Y [D v m&D u vif w ef [ m rl v u
NydKifbufawGyg/
'Drdku&ufwpfygwD orwavmif;NydKifyGJrSm a&ukefa&cef;
pGmyif aq;vufuset
f csKUd use&f adS eaomaMumifh tyem; vma&muf
ay;ydYkaom All FOC vlemtwGuf wm0efwpfck ausyeG o
f mG ;&onf/
tckrSoufjyif;armudk csEdkifawmhonf/ 'gu tjyifvlrsm; rod
Edik af om aq;Hak vmurS q&m0ef? q&mrrsm;\ oufjyif;armtcsKUd /
All FOC xufydkqdk;onfrSm Pick Up [k uRefrwdkY
tvG,af c:aom ydik &f iS rf v
hJ el mrsm;yif/ eHeufr;kd vif;onfEiS hf Ward
wpfckvQif av;? ig;a,mufxufrenf;&Sdaewwfaom Pick Up
rsm;\ reufpm? aq;? aoG;ppf&ef? "mwfrSefdkuf&eftp?
aeYv,fpmESifh npmtv,f? tnpftaMu;tqHk; tvkyform;
rsm;udk acsmhwpfcg qlwpfvSnfhjzifh wwfEdkiforQ jyKpkay;yg&ef
pDpOf&ygonf/ ]]Pick Up twGuf EdkYrIefYukefaeNyD tpfr}} [k
q&mruajymvmvQif aq;Hkqif;onfh vlemrsm;xHrS 500 &&?
1000 && r&Sad omolrsm;twGuyf g[kajymum aumufcx
H m;aom
ydkufqHav;rsm;udk rkefYyHk;xJrSEdIufum pDpOfay;&ygao;onf/
onfwYkd rmS aq;Hak vmurS q&m0ef? q&mrrsm; aeYpOf
BuHKawGUae&aom jzpf&yfrsm;[kyifq&kd rnf/ aq;uko
kH mr[kw/f
pm;tdk;BuD;aom rdom;pkBuD;wpfck\ 0rf;rD;rsm;Nidrf;atmif &SmazG
ae&aom tazozG,fjzpfvdkYaeonf/ odkYygaomfvnf; qdkcJhyg
tcsufrsm;rSm rSefuefaomajz&Sif;csufrsm;awmh r[kwfyg/
BuHKawGUvmorQudk jzpfovdkenf;ESifhajyvnf&ef ajz&Sif;ay;ae&
jcif;omjzpfygonf/ uRefrwdkY q&m0efrsm;udk,fwdkif wpfvvQif
wpfodef;? wpf&ufvQif 3000 ausmf? tar&duefa':vmESifh
wGufvQif wpf&uf av;a':vmrQom&aom tpdk;&0efxrf;rsm;
yif/ xdkodkYaom vpm0ifaiGESifh tb,frSmvlemrsm;udktjynfht0
ulnDEdkifrSmrnfenf;/ ajymMuygvdrfhrnf/ olwdkYuawmh aumhae
wmyJ[k xifaumif;xifMurnf/ trSefwu,frSm udk,fh*kPfESifh
a'gufwmacwfopf
OD;vS0if; (avol&JwpfOD;)
36
VOICE
The
PERSPECTIVE
rSefuefaomcsOf;uyfjcif;
ausmaf usmrf ;kd
(Sunlit)
37
Monday, June 11 - 17 , 2012
VOICE
The
38
VOICE
The
39
Monday, June 11 - 17 , 2012
VOICE
The
40
VOICE
The
41
FOREIGN AFFAIRS
Monday, June 11 - 17 , 2012
VOICE
The
NyD;cJo
h nfh &ufowywfEpS yf wf
u [dkvmNrdKUwGif;&Sd t&yfom;rsm;
tpkvdkuftNyHKvdkuf towfcH&ouJh
odkY qD;&D;,m;tpdk;&udk vdkvm;aom
vufeufuikd rf sm;\ wdu
k cf u
kd rf aI Mumifh
[mrmjynfe,fwGifvnf; vl 86 OD;
aoqHk;oGm;&m trsKd;orD;rsm;ESifh
uav;rsm;vnf; yg0ifaMumif; BBC
owif;wpf&yfu azmfjyxm;onf/
aoqH;k olrsm;wGif uav; 20 OD;
ESifh trsKd;orD; 20 OD;wdkYyg0ifaMumif;
wuf<uvIyf&Sm;olrsm;u qdkonf/
tMurf;zuform;rsm;ESihf xdyw
f u
kd f
wdkufcdkufNyD;aemuf kyftavmif;rsm;
awGU&Sd&onf[k qD;&D;,m;tpdk;&
kyfjrifoHMum;u xkwv
f iT o
hf mG ;onf/
tD&efonf t&yfbufoHk;EsL
uvD;,m;tpDtpOfudktaMumif;jy
EsLuvD ; ,m;vuf e uf y d k i f q k d i f & ef
BudK;yrf;vsuf&o
dS nf[k taemufEidk if H
rsm;u,lqxm;NyD; tD&eftay:ydwf
qkdYta&;,lrIrsm;jyKvkyfxm;onf/
odkYaomf tD&eftay:taemuf
EkdifiHrsm;\ pD;yGm;a&;ydwfqkdYta&;,l
rIrsm;udk wkwfESifhk&Sm;EdkifiHwkdYu
qefYusifvsuf&Sdonf/ wkwfonf
tD&efxHrS a&eHtrsm;qHk;0,f,laom
EkdifiHjzpfonf/
tD&efEsLuvD;,m;ta&;ESifh
ywfouf tar&du? NAdwed ?f jyifopf?
wkwf? k&Sm;? *smreDESifh tD&efEkdifiH
wkdYonf tD&wfEkdifiH b*'ufNrdKUwGif
NyD;cJhonfhvu aqG;aEG;yGJusif;ycJh
Muonf/ xkdYjyif ,ckvaESmif;ydkif;
wGif tqkdygaqG;aEG;yGJudk k&Sm;EkdifiH
xyfrHaqG;aEG;Murnfjzpfonf/ <
&moDOwkajymif;vJru
I muG,af &;
urm'h w
k ,
d ajrmufOya'udk ruqu
D kd
EdkifiH twnfjyKjy|mef;vdkufaMumif;
BBC owif;wGif azmfjyxm;onf/
qD;edwv
f w
T af wmfwiG f axmufcH
rJ 78 rJ? uefYuGufrJ r&Sdjzifh twnf
jyKxm;aom &moDOwkajymif;vJrI
umuG,af &;Oya'udk ruqu
D o
kd rw
Felip Calderon u vufrSwfa&;xdk;
twnfjyKay;vdu
k af Mumif; owif;wGif
azmfjyxm;onf/
tqdkygOya't& zefvHktdrf
"mwfaiGUxkwfvTwfrIrsm;udk avQmhcs
oGm;&rnfjzpfNyD; jyefvnfjznfhwif;
Edkifaom pGrf;tiftoHk;jyKrIudk wdk;jrifh
oGm;&rnfjzpfonf/
2020 jynfhESpfwGif zefvHktdrf
"mwfaiGUxkwv
f w
T rf u
I kd 30 &mcdik Ef eI ;f
42
VOICE
The
FOREIGN AFFAIRS
yif
oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; w&m;vdktzGJUu
xkwfazmfajymMum;oGm;aomfvnf;
t,lcH0ifrIrSm &ufowywfaygif;
rsm;pGmMumjrihfrnfjzpfonf/
w&m;H;k qH;k jzwfcsuu
f q
kd efYusif
uefYuu
G o
f nfh qEjyrIrsm;udk vli,f
tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;ESihf rGwq
f vifnaD emif
rsm;tzGUJ wdYk u OD;aqmifusif;yvsuf&dS
aMumif; owif;wGiaf zmfjyxm;onf/
<
tD*spt
f mPm&Siaf [mif; rlbm&wf
trIEiS yhf wfoufaom w&m;H;k qH;k jzwf
csuu
f kd rauseyfaomaMumifh Ekid if w
H iG ;f
qEjyyGJrsm;jyKvkyfvsuf&SdaMumif;
BBC owif;wGifazmfjyxm;onf/
tD*spEf idk if H jzpfymG ;cJah om qE
jyrIrsm;wGif qEjyorm;rsm;ukd ypf
owfESdrfeif;rIrsm;jyKvkyfcJhjcif;udk
wm;qD ; rI r &S d j cif ; aMumif h tmPm
&Sifa[mif;rlbm&wfESifh jynfxJa&;
0efBuD;a[mif; Habib al-Adly wdkYudk
axmif'PfwpfoufuscH&ef w&m;
Hk;uqHk;jzwfcsufcsrSwfcJhaMumif;
owif; azmfjyxm;onf/
okdYaomfvnf; vHkNcHKa&;tBuD;
tuJajcmufOD;udk w&m;Hk;u tjypfr
&SdaMumif; qHk;jzwfcJhNyD; rlbm&wfESifh
om;ESpfa,mufudkvnf; vmbfpm;rI
r&Sad Mumif; qH;k jzwfaqmif&u
G cf o
hJ nf/
vlaygif; 850 aoqHk;cJhaom
qEjyrIwGif ypfowfrIjyKvkyfcJhjcif;
aMumifh rnfonfhtBuD;tuJrsm;rS
ta&;,lrcHcJh&jcif;aMumifh EkdifiHom;
trsm;pk a'goxGufvsuf&SdNyD; qE
jyyG J r sm;ud k jyef v nf j yKvk y f v suf
&Sdonf/
]]rlbm&wftmPm&Sifacwfudk
jyefomG ;rvm;? awmfveS af &;topf xyf
vkyrf vm;qdw
k hJ vrf;qHu
k akd &mufaeNy}D }
[kqEjyorm;wpfO;D u AFP owif;
XmeodYk xkwaf zmfajymMum;oGm;onf/
rlbm&wftrIEiS yhf wfoufaom
w&m;Hk;qHk;jzwfcsufudk jyefvnf
jyifqifay;&ef qufvuft,lcH0if
tdEd,EdkifiHwGif; ukefoG,fa&;
vdkaiGjyrIrsm;jzpfay:aeojzifh ydkYukef
vkyfief;rsm;tm;aumif;ap&ef tpdk;&
tzGJUu ydkYukefvkyfief;&Sifrsm;udk lyD;
100 bDv,
D (H tar&duefa':vm 1 'or
8 bDv,
D )H wef pD;yGm;a&;rufv;kH rsm;
ay;&ef pDpOfvsu&f adS Mumif; Wall Street
Journal wGif azmfjyxm;onf/
Edik if w
H umaps;uGuw
f iG f tdE,
d
ydkYukefrsm; ,SOfNydKifEdkifpGrf;tm;jrifhap
&ef tcsKdUaomydkYukefypnf;rsm;tay:
tcGefavQmhayghay;rnfjzpfaMumif;
tdE,
d ukeo
f ,
G af &;0efBuD;u owif;
axmufrsm;udk ajymMum;oGm;onf/
xdkYtjyif v,f,mxGufukef
vkyfief;rsm;? tm;upm;ypnf;xkwf
vkyfonfh vkyfief;rsm;ESifh t0wf
txnfvyk if ef;rsm;tygt0if tao;
pm;ESifh tvwfpm;vkyfief;i,frsm;udk
twdk;enf;acs;aiGrsm; axmufyHhay;
oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; owif;wGif
azmfjyxm;onf/
ydYk uek t
f cGeaf iGavQmah yghay;jcif;
wGif lyD; 80 bDvD,HoHk;pGJrnfjzpfNyD;
twd;k EIe;f enf; oufoma&;axmufyhH
aMu;ay;rIwiG f ly;D aiG 20 bDv,
D o
H ;kH pGJ
oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; tdE,
d t&m&Sw
d pfOD;
u xkwfazmfajymMum;oGm;onf/
tar&duefEiS hf taemufOa&my
EdkifiHrsm;wGif pD;yGm;a&;tajctae
rwnfNidrfrIrsm;jzpfay:vmrIESifh a&eH
aps;EIe;f jrihw
f ufvmrIwYkdaMumifh tdE,
d
xkwu
f ek rf sm;tay: 0,fvt
kd m;usqif;
vmcJu
h m Ny;D cJo
h nfb
h @ma&;ESpt
f wGi;f
pkpkaygif;ukefoG,fa&;vdkaiG a':vm
184 'or 9 bDvD,HjycJhaMumif;
owif;wGifazmfjyxm;onf/
FOREIGN AFFAIRS
43
VOICE
The
ckd;,loHk;pGJxm;aom awmifql
'efEkdifiHydkif b@maiGtar&duef a':
vmoef; 4000 jyefvnfay;tyf&ef
tpd;k &t&m&Srd sm;udk orwu awmif;
qkdoGm;aMumif; BBC owif;wGif
azmfjyxm;onf/
EdkifiHydkifaiG oef; 4000 ausmf
udk tpdk;&t&m&Sdrsm;tvJGoHk;pm;jyK
vkyfxm;ojzifh tqkdygaiGaMu;rsm;
jyef v nf a y;tyf & ef awmif q l ' ef
orw Salva Kiir u vuf&Sdtpdk;&
t&m&Srd sm;ESihf t&m&Sad [mif; 75 OD;udk
pma&;om;awmif;qkdxm;onf/
]]awmifql'efjynfoltrsm;pk
qif;&Jusyfwnf;aeayr,fh tpdk;&
t&m&SdwcsKdUuawmh ud,
k hftwGuyf J
udk,fMunfhw,f}} [k awmifql'ef
or w \pmwG i f a&;om;azmf j y
xm;onf/
awmifql'efEkdifiH0ifaiG 98
&mcdkifEIef;udk a&eHa&mif;&aiGrS &&Sd
vsu&f adS omfvnf; ql'efEiS hf awmifql
'efESpfEkdifiHMum; wkdufckdufrIrsm;ay:
aygufvmjcif;aMumifh a&eHwifydkYrI
rsm;&yfqkdif;oGm;cJhNyD; EdkifiHwGif; pD;
yGm;a&;usyfwnf;rIrsm;ay:ayguf
vmaMumif; owif;wGifazmfjyxm;
onf/
tdrfeD;csif;tdEd,EkdifiHu EsKu
vD;,m;wyfqifypfcwfEkdifaom wm
a0;ypf';kH usnu
f pdk rf;oyfypfvw
T cf NhJ yD;
aemuf ygupwefuvnf; 'Hk;usnf
rsm;prf;oyfypfvTwfvsuf&Sd&m ZGefv
5 &ufaeYu EsLuvD;,m;wyfqif
ypfcwfEkdifaom 'Hk;usnfprf;oyfypf
vTwcf ahJ Mumif; CNA owif;wGiaf zmf
jyxm;onf/
ygupwef\ ,ck'Hk;usnfprf;
oyf y pf v T w f j cif ; onf td E d , u
'H;k usnfprf;oyfypfcwftNyD; wpfvcGJ
tcsdefumvtwGif; ig;Budrfajrmuf
prf;oyfjcif;jzpfonf/
Haft VII [ktrnf&aom ,ck
prf;oyfonh'f ;kH usno
f nf uDvrdk w
D m
700 (rdik f 440)tuGmta0;txda&muf
atmifypfcwfEdkifNyD; a&'gjzifhzrf;,l
Edkifjcif;udkvnf; a&Smif&Sm;EkdifaMumif;
ygupwefppfwyfuajymMum;onf/
{Nyv
D 20 &ufaeYu ygupwef\
tdref ;D csi;f tdEd,EkdifiHu Agri V [k
trnfay;xm;aom wpfwefyrmP&Sd
EsLuvD;,m;xdyzf ;l o,faqmifEidk af om
'Hk;usnf prf;oyfypfvTwfcJhonf/
tdEd, r[mAsL[mOD;pm;ay;
tpDtpOfrSm wkwfjzpfaomfvnf;
ygupwefurl tdEd,udk pdk;&drfrIrsm;
&S d a eqJ j zpf o nf [ k umuG , f a &;
qk d i f & m avh v moH k ; oyf o l r sm;u
qdkonf/
tdEd,ESifh ygupwefwkdYonf
1947 ckESpf vGwfvyfa&;&NyD;csdefrSp
ppfyGJoHk;BudrfjzpfyGm;cJhzl;NyD; 1998
ckESpfwGif ESpfEkdifiHpvHk;u EsLuvD;
,m;vufeufrsm;atmifjrifpmG prf;oyf
EkdifcJhNyD;aemuf 'Hk;usnfprf;oyfrIrsm;
tjyeftvSefjyKvkyfcJhMuonf/ <
EkdifiHwGif; ydkrdkaumif;rGefaom
vlaerItqifhtwef;&&Sd&ef awmifql
'efwpfrsKd;om;vHk;pkaygif;BudK;yrf;cJh
aomfvnf; vGwv
f yfa&;&&SNd yD;aemuf
wGif acgif;aqmifrsm;onf trsm;
tusKd;twGufrMunfhbJ udk,fusKd;
twGufomMunfhonfhtwGuf EdkifiH
om;trsm;pkrSm qif;&JwGif;eufvsuf
&Sad Mumif; awmifq'l eforwu xkwf
azmfajymMum;oGm;onf/
ckd;,lxm;aom EdkifiHydkifaiGrsm;
udk jyefvnfay;tyfygu vGwfNidrf;
csrf;omcGifhjyKrnfjzpfaomfvnf; rdrd
wdkYtpdk;&tzGJUudk,fwdkif wm0efcHEkdifrI
tm;enf;aeao;aMumif; awmifq'l ef
orwu 0efcHajymMum;oGm;onf/
<
xm;NyD; wdef,efrifta&;tcif;ESifh
ywfoufaom trSwf&zG,f&mrsm;udk
azsmufzsufEdkif&ef BudK;yrf;vsuf&Sd
onf/
wkwfurf;dk;wef;NrdKUBuD;rsm;
ESifh ab*sif;NrdKUawmfwGif wdef,efrif
ta&;tcif;txdr;f trSwt
f crf;tem;
usif;yEdkif&ef BudK;yrf;vsuf&Sdaom
vlYtcGifhta&;vIyf&Sm;rIorm; &m
aygif;rsm;pGmudk &JwyfzGJU0ifrsm;u
zrf;qD;xde;f odr;f vsu&f adS Mumif; AFP
owif;wGif azmfjyxm;onf/
xdkYtjyif Guizhou NrdKU yef;NcH
twGif; qEjyrIrsm;jyKvkyfcJhaom
oufBuD;&G,ftdkrsm;udkvnf; &JwyfzGJU
0ifrsm;u zrf;qD;xdef;odrf;rIrsm;
jyKvkyfvsuf&Sdonf[k BBC owif;
axmufu a&;om;azmfjyxm;onf/
wd e f , ef r if t a&;tcif ; ES i f h
ywfoufaom taMumif;t&mrsm;udk
vnf; tifwmeufpmrsufESmrsm;ay:
wGif &SmazGEdkifjcif;r&Sdatmif wkwf
uGejf rLepftpd;k &u wm;jrpfuefYowf
rIrsm; jyKvkyfvsuf&Sdonf/
rMumao;rDuvnf; 'Dru
kd a&pD
a&;awmif;qdq
k EjycJah om wde,
f efrif
ta&;tcif;umvtwGif; zrf;qD;cH
xm;&olrsm;udk jyefvw
T af y;&ef tar
&dueftpd;k &u wkwEf ikd if u
H kd awmif;
qdkoGm;onf/
<
&ufpGJrSwfwrf;
ZGef 4 ? wevFm - vpfAsm;tmPm&Sif u'gzDvufatmufwGif trIxrf;cJhaom aMu;pm;ppfom; 27 OD;udk
axmif'PfwpfoufEiS hf 10 ESpt
f oD;oD;jypf'Pfcsrw
S v
f u
dk o
f nf/ if;wdYk onf k&mS ;? ,lu&de;f ESihf bDvmkpEf idk if H
wdYk rjS zpfNyD; u'gzDvufxufwiG f ajrjyifrS a0[ifypf';kH ysHpepfrsm;udk jyKjyifxed ;f odr;f a&;wGif yg0ifun
l cD o
hJ rl sm;
jzpfonf/
- tpa&;EkdifiH a*skpvifNrdKU&Sd tmz&duEG,fzGm;rsm;aexkdif&mtdrf rD;IdYzsufqD;cHcJh&ojzifh tmz&duEG,fzGm;
a&TYajymif; vkyfom;av;OD;xdckduf'Pf&m&&SdoGm;aMumif; tpa&;&JwyfzGJUuajymMum;oGm;onf/ tpa&;EkdifiH
tmz&duwkdufrS w&m;r0if0ifa&mufaexkdifvsuf&Sdaom a&TUajymif;vkyfom; 60000 ausmf&SdNyD; EkdifiHwGif;
EkdifiHjcm;om;tvkyform;rsm;tay: rkef;wD;rIrsm;wkd;yGm;vmaMumif; &JwyfzGJU0ifrsm;uajymMum;oGm;onf/
ZGef 5? t*Fg - Oa&myjynfolrsm;\ tcGefaiGrsm;toHk;jyK NydKuGJvkeD;yg;bPfrsm;udk ulnDaxmufyHhaiGrsm;
ay;tyfaerIrsm;&yfqkdif;Ekdif&ef Oa&myaumfr&Sifu tqdkjyKwifjyoGm;onf/ Oa&myor*tzGJUtwGif;&Sd bPf
wpfckckNydKvJygu oufqkdif&mbPfrsm;\ &S,f,mydkif&Sifrsm;ESifh aiGaMu;acs;iSm;xm;olrsm;ESifhom qHk;IH;rI
ywfoufap&efESifh tcGefxrf;jynfolrsm;\ aiGaMu;rsm;yg0ifqHk;IH;roGm;ap&ef &nf&G,fjcif;jzpfonf/
- jynfolrsm;pka0;qEjycGifh Oya'azmufzsufygu 'PfaiGtar&duefa':vm 10000 rS 20000 xd
ay;aqmif&ef k&Sm;'l;rm;atmufvTwfawmfu vufcHtwnfjyKay;cJhonf/ ,if;uJhodkY 'PfaMu;ay;aqmif&rI
yrmPudkwkd;jrihfvkdufjcif;jzifh vGwfvyfpGmpka0;cGifh 'Drdkua&pDtcGifhta&;udk xdckdufaprnfjzpfaMumif; a0zef
oHk;oyfolrsm;u ajymMum;oGm;onf/
ZGef 6? Ak'[l; - ,ckESpfyxroHk;vywftwGif; MopaMw;vspD;yGm;a&;wkd;wufrIEIef;onf ,cifESpfuxuf
4 'or 3 &mckdifEIef;ydkrdkwkd;wufvsuf&SdaMumif; tpdk;&\owif;xkwfjyefcsufrsm;wGifazmfjyxm;onf/
MopaMw;vs owKvkyif ef;e,fy,fwiG o
f mru usev
f yk if ef;e,fy,frsm;jzpfaom odyEH iS ehf nf;ynmvkyif ef;rsm;?
b@ma&;ESifhtmrcHvkyfief;rsm;wGifvnf; zGHUNzdK;wkd;wufrIrsm;jzpfay:aeaMumif; jynfwGif;pD;yGm;a&;nTef;udef;
rsm;wGifazmfjyxm;onf/
- tdkifA&DvfudkYEdkifiHwGif;odkY 0ifa&mufwdkufcdkufrIrsm; jyKvkyfaeonfh vdkufab;&D;,m; ppfaoG;<utkyfpkrsm;wGif
uav;ppfom;rsm;yg toHk;jyKaeaMumif; e,l;a,mufNrdKUtajcpdkuf vlYtcGifhta&;tzGJUtpD&ifcHpmwGif azmfjy
xm;onf/ touf 14 ESpft&G,f uav;ppfom;rsm;udkyg toHk;jyKaeNyD; 2011 ckESpfrS pwifjzpfyGm;cJhaom
wdkufcdkufrIrsm;aMumifh a'ocHpkpkaygif; 40 ausmf towfcHcJh&onf/
ZGef 7? Mumoyaw; - csDvD? yDl;? udkvHbD,mESifh ruqDudk EdkifiHrsm;tcsif;csif; pD;yGm;a&;yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrI
tm;aumif;ap&efESifh ukefoG,frIvkyfief;opfrsm; ydkrdkazmfaqmifEdkif&ef ypdzdwfr[mrdwfpmcsKyfudk csKyfqdkcJhonf/
tqdkygypdzdwfr[mrdwfpmcsKyfa'owGif;wGif pkpkaygif;vlOD;a& 215 oef;aexdkifvsuf&SdNyD; pkpkaygif;xkwfukef
wefzdk; tar&duefa':vm 2 x&DvD,H (1 x&DvD,H = oef;aygif;wpfoef;) &Sdonf/
<
44
VOICE
The
FOREIGN AFFAIRS
[dkvmNrdKYu vlowfrIrSonf
oefhZifpdk;
vmNrdKUawmfonf qD;&D;,m;EkdifiH\taemufjcrf;wGif&Sdum NrdKUi,fav;rsm;ESifh &Gmrsm;pGmyg0ifonf/ qD;&D;,m;wGif jyif;xefaomwkdufckdufrIrsm;jzpfyGm;vsuf&Sdaom [Gef;pfNrdKU\
taemufajrmufbuf wGif&Sdonf/ qD;&D;,m;wGif vlOD;a&trsm;qHk;NrdKUBuD;rsm; [kdvmNrdKUvnf; tygt0ifjzpfonf/
qGeef rD w
G q
f viftrsm;qH;k aexkid f yifv,fauGUEdik if rH sm;uvnf; if;wdYk\ rsm;uqd k o nf / &S m bD [ mtzG J U ud k rnfqo
kd nfurkd l tcsKUd owif;pmq&m tpDtpOfudk axmufcHygw,f}} [k
f m0Dwq
D o
kd nfh rsKd ;EG,pf w
k pfck rsm;u oHo,&SMd uonf/ qD;&D;,m; qufvufajymMum;onf/
MuNyD; orwtmqwfudk 0ef;&Haom tpDtpOftay: pwifoHo,&Sd t,fvv
tmvm0DwDrsKd;EG,fpk&Gmrsm;u a'o vmonf/ [kdvmNrdKUvlowfrItNyD; u xdef;csKyfxm;um rl;,pfaq;0g; '&mrmwGif k&Sm;onf t"dujyify
ukvor*vHkNcHKa&;aumifpD
tjyifbuf&mG rsm;tjzpf0idk ;f xm;onf/ wGif qD;&D;,m;ta&;tay: Ekid if w
H um arSmifcdkrIrsm;ESifh tjcm;tpktzGJUvdkuf ZmwfaqmifwpfO;D jzpfonf/ qD;&D;,m; wGif qD;&D;,m;udk ta&;,l&ef wifjy
arv 25 &ufaeYwiG f xdNk rdKU&Sd twku
d f \csO;f uyfyt
kH ajymif;tvJt&dyt
f aiGU &mZ0wfrIrsm;usL;vGefMuonf[k ESifheD;uyfaom EkdifiHa&;? ppfa&;ESifh pOfu k&Sm;ESifh wkwfwdkYu ADwdk
a'ocHrsm;u qdkonf/
tcHrsm;udk OD;wnfaomwkdufckdufrI rsm;awGUvm&onf/
pD;yGm;a&;qufpyfrIrsm;&Sdonf/ qD;&D; tmPmjzifh y,fcscMhJ uonf/ odYk aomf
BuD;jzpfyGm;onf/ t&yfom;wpf&m
[dkvmNrdKUtpkvdkuftjyHKvdkuf
,m;wGif ,Drifpwkid v
f t
f ul;tajymif; ar 25 [dkvmNrdKUvlowfyGJudkrl &uf
k&Sm;\u@
jzpfay:vma&; 0g&Siw
f efu wdu
k w
f eG ;f pufaom vlowfrIrsm;[k wkwfu
ausmf aoqHk;onf/ 10 ESpfatmuf vlowfyGJtNyD; ESpfywfcefYtMumwGif
uav; ta,mufo;kH q,fausmyf g0if [mrmjynfe,f&dS aus;&Gmrsm;odYk tpd;k &
k mjcif;ESit
hf wl qD;&D;,m;wGif xkwfjyefcJhNyD; qD;&D;,m;tmquf
qD;&D;,m;ta&;wGif tar&duef ajymqdv
onf/ tpkvu
dk t
f NyHKvku
d f Zmwford ;f udak xmufcHaom jynfolYppftzGJUrsm; jynfaxmifpu
k t
f cHwYkdukd tjypfwif
k zJwpfcsyx
f w
k o
f ;kH vku
d f k&mS ;\toHEiS hf yl;aygif;yg0ifvmrIu tpd;k &ESihf twdu
ypfjcif; Massacre [k wuf<uvIy&f mS ;
rSwfcsufay;rIrsKd; rjyKvkyfcJhay/
olrsm;u qkdonf/
k&mS ;wGiMf oZmBuD;aom owif;
[dv
k mtpkvu
dk f tNyKH vu
kd af oqH;k
pmBu;D wpfapmifjzpfonfh Kommersant
rIaMumifh qD;&D;,m;tpd;k &\ tjyKtrlrsm;
owif;pmu ]]qD;&D;,m;wGif jynfwiG ;f
ajymif;vJomG ;zG,rf &S[
d k BBC owif;
ppfjzpfNyD; pd;k &drzf ,
G f rawmfwqrIBuD;
XmeuoH;k oyfa&;om;xm;onf/ ukv
jzpfcahJ vNyD/ xdt
k jzpf qd;k onf if;wkYd
or*Nidr;f csr;f a&;apmifMh unho
f l 280 OD;
aMumifrh [kwyf g[k tmqwftpd;k &u
wyfcsxm;vsuu
f yif wku
d cf u
kd rf rI sm;
jiif;qefxm;aomfjim; twku
d t
f cHrsm;udk
jzpfymG ;vsuf&o
dS nf/ qD;&D;,m;tpd;k &
wpfEpS af usmfMum rvSe&f aJ tmifzx
d m;
onf vufeufBu;D rsm;udk t&yfom;a'o
aom tmqwftpd;k &\wm0ef[ktaemuf
rsm;rSjzKwfNyD; ppfwef;vsm;jyefxm;&ef
tpdk;&rsm;u owf r S w f x m;onf /
ukvor*taxGaxGtwGi;f a&;rSL;csKyf
xdYak Mumifq
h ;D &D;,m;tay:ydwq
f Yrkd t
I opf
\ qD;&D;,m;a&;&mukd,fpm;vS,f
rsm;vmvdrfhrnf/ k&Sm;vnf; if;\
rpwmudkzDtmeefu ]]vufeuf&SdwJh
r[mrdwu
f u
kd ,fEidk af wmhrnfr[kw}f }[k
b,forl qkd ud,
k v
hf ufeufurkd oH;k Mu
a&;om;azmfjyxm;onfuakd wGU&onf/
ygeJY? [dv
k mrSmjzpfcw
hJ maMumifh uReaf wmf
qD;&D;,m;wGiftajymif;tvJ
aoG;vefYaMumuf&H G&ygw,f
Y
} [k qD;&D;,m;
awmif;qkdyGJrsm;wpfESpfausmfvmNyD;
odkYa&muf&SdvmpOf ajymMum;cJhonf/
tpdk;&\tMurf;zufESdrfeif;rIrsm;
qD;&D;,m;ta&;wGif ukvor* 0ifa&mufowfjzwf&m trsdK;orD;rsm; onf/ xdkzJrSm k&Sm;jzpfonf/ qD;&D; tvGefta&;ygvmonf/
aMumifh vlaomif;ausmfaoqHk;cJh&NyD;
ESihf Edik if w
H umtodik ;f t0dik ;f ESprf sK;d vH;k ESifh uav;i,frsm;tygt0if vl 86 ,m;wGif ,Drifpwdkifvf'Drdkua&pD
[dkvmNrdKUwGifjzpfyGm;cJhaom jzpfonf/ vufeufrsm;vuf0,f a&muf
tjcm;tpDtpOf Plan B r&Sad y/ ,ck OD;aoqHk;aMumif; qD;&D;,m;twdkuf tul;tajymif;OD;aqmifvkyfaqmif vlwpf&mausmaf oqH;k cJ&h onfv
h o
l wf &SNd yD;jzpfonfh twku
d t
f cHuEkd rdS ef if;&ef
vuf&t
d S ajctaewGif ppfa&;t&0ifa&muf tcHwuf<uvIyf&Sm;olrsm;u ajym &ef armfpudkudkwdkufwGef;vkdufjcif; rIwGif olykefrsm;onfvnf;wpfpdwf tpd;k &u vlae&yfuu
G rf sm;udk wifu
h m;
&efvnf; vdv
k m;rIrsm;rawGU&/ bm&Sm; Mum;onf/ ppfaoG;<utMurf;zuf jzpfonf/ tmqwfEw
D meef\Nird ;f csr;f a&;
k x
f u
G af y;vku
d f wpfyikd ;f tjypf&adS Mumif; k&mS ;Edik if jH cm;a&; jzifyh pfonf/ udzk t
Ekwx
f u
G af y;&efom ajymqdak e&onf/ orm;rsm;ESifh wdkufyGJjzpftNyD;wGif &rnf/ olYtpk;d &u tmPmquf&adS e 0efBuD; qm*sDvAfa&mhpfu xkwfazmf tpDtpOftvkyfjzpf&ef tvSr;f a0;ae
f avmif;rsm;awGY rnf/ xdt
orwbm&Sm;tmqwfuvnf; Ekwx
f u
G f t&yfom;rsm;\kyt
k u
kd o
f nf/ rnfoYlwiG f tmPm onf/ k&Sm;u OD;aqmifjyKvkyfEkdif
k pk;d &uyif tD*spEf iS hf wle;D &Sm; ajymqdv
D mu wdYk rmS uJo
rnfhyHkray:ay/ aoG;xGufoH,dkrIrsm;? &Sd&aMumif; qD;&D;,m;tpd;k &rD',
kd nfxuf tMurf;zufrI rnfh ,DrifypkH t
H ajymif;tvJukd orw
h Ykd a&G;aumufyrJG sm;OD;aqmif &Sad eonfqo
rauseyfrrI sm;\&v'ftjzpf qD;&D;,m; azmfjyxm;onf/ owfjzwfrIrsm;udk jyKvkyfay;&rnf/ ,if;rSm ,DrifwGif rsm; tqHk;owfoGm;a&;u ta&;Bu;D tmqwfuvufcHvQif qD;&D;,m;
f nfh jynfoYlppfrsm;rSm tpd;k & jyKvkyfoGm;onf/ tul;tajymif;jzpf aMumif; k&Sm;0efBuD;u qdkonf/
u jynfwiG ;f ppftwGif;odkY usqif;ay usL;vGeo
tem*wfudk apmihfMunhfEkdifrnf/
oefYZifpdk;
]]uRefawmfwYkd qD;&D;,m;tpd;k &
awmhrnf/ twdkuftcHudk vufeuf uvuf e uf w yf q if a y;xm;aom onf/ odkYaomf tmqwfqif;oGm;
k t
f cH jcif;aMumifh aoG;xGuo
wyfqifay; tajymif;tvJ&,lrnfh &SmbD[mtiftm;pkrsm;[k twdu
Ref :BBC
f ,
H rkd rI sm;NyD;qH;k udk raxmufcHygbl;/ udkzDtmeef&JU
[kd
FOREIGN AFFAIRS
45
VOICE
The
wdef,efrifta&;tcif;tvGef wkwfEkdifiHa&;tdyfrufESifh
wdefaY &Smifzdeftvkdus tem*wfacgif;aqmif
cRex
f ;l [ef
ck a qmif ; yg;rS m emrnf a usmf Foreign Policy r* Z if ; rS j zpf N yD ;
1989 ckESpf wdef,efrif&ifjyifta&;tcif;aemufykdif; wkwfjynfolY
orwEkdifiH\ 'Drkdua&pDazmfaqmifa&;tdyfruf tb,faMumifharQmfrSef;
xm;oavmuf c&D;raygufjzpfaeonf[laomtcsufukd t"dutav;ay;
a&;om;xm;jcif;jzpfygonf/
wkwjfynf\ tajrmftjrifBu;D rm; tjcm;aomtqifhwlt&m&SdBuD;rsm;
aom xdyw
f ef;acgif;aqmifBuD;wpfO;D twGuf enf;vrf;rsdK;pkH tokH;jyKum
jzpfonfh wdeYfa&Smifzed o
f nf wde,
f efrif t&,lEidk cf iG &hf o
dS nft
h &mwpfck jzpfvm
&ifjyif 'Drkdua&pDta&;awmfykH ay: cJh&onf/
xGuv
f monfh 1989ckEpS w
f iG f tem*wf
acgif;ukid zf cifBuD;armf\ ae&m
Ekid if aH &;twGuf a&&Sno
f abmaqmif ukdtNydKiftqkdif&,lMu&mtEkdif&&Sd
rnfh wGuq
f rIwpf&yfjyKvkycf &hJ m ,ck cJo
h l wdeYf a&Smifzed u
f ol\vufxuf
tcg ol\wGufqrIrSm tqkd;0g;qkH; wGif tqkdygudpt
wGufqkH;jzwfcsuf
aomprf;oyfcsufrsm;ESifh&ifqkdifvm& wpfckcsrSwfvkdufonf/ ,if;rSm rdrd
NyDjzpfonf/ wkwjf ynf\ tmPm&Sif ae&m0ifa&mufrnfholcefYtyfa&;om
qef v S o nf h yg0gwnf a qmuf r I ru &mxl;qufcrH nfu
h pd u
dk twnf
yko
H PmefwiG f tm;enf;csuBf uD;wpfck wus owfrw
S jf y|mef;ay;rnft
h pDtpOf
qk;d qk;d &Gm;&Gm;ykpH jH zifh &Sad eonf[al om wpf&yfcsrw
S af &;yifjzpfonf/ xkYdaemuf
tcsuu
f dk wdeYfa&Smifzed u
f aumif;pGmod&d S wdeYf a&Smifzed u
f &Sef[kdif;ygwDtwGif;
em;vnfonf/ yg0gwnfaqmufrw
I iG f a&;rSL; useZf rD if;ukd uGejf rLepfygwD\
oufqidk &f mtqift
h oD;oD;rS yg0ifol taxGaxGtwGif;a&;rSL;tjzpfvnf;
t&m&Srd sm;taejzihf rdr\
d txuftqifh aumif;? [l*sifawmif;u usefZDrif;
wGi&f o
dS rl sm;ukd aus;Zl;jyKMu&rnfjzpf ae&mukd qufvuf&,lrnfholtjzpf
onf/ wdefYa&Smifzdeo
f x
d m;onfh tm; vnf;aumif; trnfpm&if;wifoiG ;f cJh
enf;csufvnf;jzpfNyD;? ae&mwGif onf/ usefZDrif;rSm wkwfjynfvkH;
pdw0f ifpm;p&maumif;onfrmS xdyq
f ;Hk uRwf ausmif ; om;qE j yyG J B uD ;
ykid ;f uyk*Kd vu
f dk rnforl nf0gu cefYtyf ay:aygufpOfif;wm0ef,lxm;aom
oenf;[laomtcsuyf ifjzpfonf/
&Se[
f idk ;f NrdKUukd aumif;rGepf mG pDrt
H yk cf sKyf
ESpfq,f&mpkrwkdifrD umvu EkdifcJholjzpfNyD; [l*sifawmif;(vuf&Sd
qkdvQif {u&mZfrif;jrwf\rsdK;quf orwjzpfaeol)rSm yg0gtDvpftvTm
om tqkdygtvkyfukd vkyfykdifcGifh&SdcJh tMum; rwlnDaom Interest Group
onf/ (uGefjrLepfajrmuf ukd&D;,m; wpfckrSvmoljzpfonf/ emrnfausmf
hf ifwmeufbavmh
onfvnf; ,aeYtcsed f xked nf;twkid ;f wkw0f wKq&mESit
yifjzpfonf) tu,f wkwjf ynf\ a&;olwpfOD;jzpfol 0rfvDaZmif;url
dS rw[l*siaf wmif;ae&muk0d if
acgif;ukid zf cifBuD; armfpw
D ek ;f wGio
f m vuf&o
usef;rmoefpGrf;onfhom;wpfOD;&SdcJh a&mufzG,f&Sdol ZDusm;yifonf usef
rnfqydk gu wkwt
f pk;d &vnf; xked nf; ZDrif;tkyfpkESifh r[mrdwfjzpf[krSwf
twkid ;f yif ,aeYtcsed x
f d vkyu
f ikd rf nf csuf a y;onf / 0rf v D a Zmif ; onf
rSmaocsmonf/ okdYaomfacgif;ukdif wd e f Y a&S m if z d e f \ a&&S n f E k d i f i H a &;
zcifBuD;armfpDwkef;wGif &mxl;tarG tpDtpOfavhvmqef;ppfcsufudka&;
qufcHrnfh om;vS&wemr&SdcJhay&m om;cJhonf/ tqkdygqef;ppfcsuft&
wk d i f ; jynf \ tBuD ; tuJ & mxl ; rS m tDvpftkyfpkESpfpk&Sd&mwGif wpfpkrSm
usefZDrif;bufrSjzpfNyD; tjcm;wpfpk
rSm [l*sifawmif;bufrSjzpfonf/
tqkdygtkyfpkESpfpktaejzifh EkdifiHa&;
wGit
f a&;ygaomae&mukd 10ESpv
f Qif
wpfvSnfhpDajymif;vJ&,lMurnfjzpf
onf/ tkyfpkwpfpkcsif;pDonf trsm;
jynfolESifhoufqkdifaomtkyfpkjzpf&ef
[lonfhrufvkH;rsm;vnf;&&Sdrnfjzpf
onf/ xkdenf;jzifh a&&SnfwnfNidrfrI
xGufay:vmrnf[kqkdonf/
okdYaomf ZDusm;yif uGefjrLepf
ygwDOu|&mxl;rwufrDvykdif;wGif
wkwfjynfacgif;aqmif&mxl;qufcH
a&;jyemukd wdefYa&Smifzdefajz&Sif;
EkdifcJhjcif;&Sd? r&Sd[lonfrSmar;p&mjzpf
vmygonf/ 0rfvDaZmif\axmufjy
csuft& wdefYa&Smifzdefonf wkwf
jynf\xdyfqkH;&mxl;&,lxm;olrsm;
taejzifh tkid 'f aD ,mfavm*sD okYd r[kwf
MoZmtmPmBuD;xGm;a&;twGurf vkyf
aqmifoihf[laomtjrifrsdK;&Sdonf/
taMumif;rSm tqkyd gta&;udpr sm;u
tvIyft,rf;rsm;ukdjzpfay:apNyD;
tE&m,fBuD;rm;aomaMumifjh zpfonf/
wkwfacgif;aqmifwpfOD;taejzifh
tjyifyef;tm;jzifh oabmrwlnrD rI sdK;
ukd xkwfazmfjyorIrjyKbJ vltrsm;pk
\ta&;udpukd ajz&Sif;&efrSwpfyg;
tjcm;OD;wnfcsuf wpfpw
Hk pf&m r&So
d l
tjzpf [efaqmif&efjzpfonf/ twGi;f
oabmrSmrl yg0gtDvpfwY\
dk tusKd;pD;yGm;
ukd xrf;aqmif&efjzpfonf/ [l*siaf wmif;
ESihf ZDusm;yifuo
hJ Ydak om yk*Kd vrf sKd ;rsm;rSm
pepfwpfct
k wGi;f tjyeftvSet
f ajymif;
tvJ jyKvyk
f &aom tpdwt
f ykid ;f ozG,f
jzpfNy;D pHerlemjyacgif;aqmifavmif;vsm
rsm;jzpfMuonf/ olwYdk\yk*Kd vaf &;ESihf
jynfolrsm;tay: tkyfcsKyfrIykHpHrsm;
rnfrQyif pdwfwkdif;usp&mr&Sdonf
jzpfap jyemr&Sday/
xkdYjyif 0rfvDaZmif;u rMum
ao;cifvykdif;twGif; armfpDwkef;
vufxuf tpGef;a&mufuGefjrLepf
jyefvnftoufoGif;&efBudK;yrf;rI
aMumifh uGefjrLepfygwD? csHKuif;Xme
cGJtBuD;tuJESifh aygvpfjALkdtzGJU0if
&mxl;rSxw
k yf ,fcv
H u
dk &f ol bkZd v
D idk ;f
udpukdvnf;qef;ppfxm;jyefonf/
bkdZDvkdif;onf armfpDwkef;acwfpepf
rsKd ;toufjyefoiG ;f a&;BudK;yrf;&mwGif
vGefpGm uRrf;usifoljzpfonf/ olu
vlBudKufrsm;onfh t*wdwkdufzsuf
a&;tpDtpOfudk if;\Ekid if aH &;t&if;
tESD;wpfcktjzpfajymif;vJ&eftvkdYiSm
armfpDwkef;acwfpepfukd jyefvnf
toufoGif;cJhjcif;jzpfonf/xkdYjyif
bkdZDvkdif;u wdefYa&Smifzdef\ tao;
pdwfpDrHcsufukdvnf; vGefpGmrkef;wD;
oljzpfaMumif;? okYdtwGuaf Mumifh wdeYf
a&Smifzdef\tpDtpOft& wkwfjynf
acgif;aqmif&mxl;qufcHa&;udpukd
twnfwusjy|mef;rnfph pD OfrrI eS o
f rQ
ukda&SmifuGif;&efpDpOfxm;ykH&aMumif;
ok;H oyfjyonf/ 0rfvaD Zmif;\ cefYreS ;f
csuft& tDvpftvTmxGufay:vmrI
uyif bkdZDvkdif;ukdta&;edrfhoGm;ap
ovkdjzpfonf/ bkdZDvkdif;rSm t*wd
vkdufpm;rI? w,fvDzkef;Mum;jzwfem;
axmifrItjyif tjcm;aomjypfrIrsm;
usL;vGefonf[kpGyfpGJcHxm;&onf/
trSefwGif bkdZDvkdif;onf pepfwpfck
twGi;f xdyyf idk ;f okYda&muf&adS tmif rnfoYdk
vkyaf qmif&rnf[o
l nfu
h pd E iS yh f wfouf
w&m;0ifra&;om;&ao;aom Oya'
pnf;rsO;f pnf;urf;azmufzsucf jhJ cif;jzpf
onf/ bkdZDvkdif;\trIudpaMumifh
wdefYa&Smifzdef\ wkwfjynfxdyfykdif;
acgif;aqmif&mxl;qufcHa&;rSm ykd
kyfvkH;MuGvmawmhonf/
a&SUwpfywftqkH;owfygrnf/
cRefxl;[ef
46
VOICE
The
SPECIAL REPORT
47
Monday, June 11 - 17 , 2012
VOICE
The
48
VOICE
The
The
SUPPLEMENT
VOICE
Weekly
Vol.8 / No.25
49
A
VOICE
The
INSTITUTIONAL
Burma
&efukef? ZGef 7
xddkif;EkdifiH befaumufNrdKUawmf
wGif NyD;cJo
h nfw
h pfywfu usi;f yaom
urmph ;D yGm;a&;zk&d rf a':atmifqef;
pk M unf rd e f Y c G e f ; ajymMum;&mwG i f
jref r mud k Burma (bm;rm;) [k
ac:a0:okH;pGJonfhudpESifh ywfouf
NyD; xkdodkYtaMumif;Mum;cJhjcif;jzpf
aMumif; ,if;pmwGiaf zmfjyxm;onf/
a':atmifqef;pkMunfaetdrf
tus,cf sKyfrv
S w
G af jrmufonfh 2010
jynfEh pS f Ek0d ifbmvuwnf;u t*Fvyd f
bmomjzifh oHk;EIef;ajymqkd&mwGif
Burma [kawmufavQmufoHk;pGJajym
qkdcJhaomfvnf; ,ckzdk&rfwGif oHk;EIef;
ajymqkdNyD;aemufydkif; xdkodkYtaMumif;
Mum;cJhjcif;jzpfonf/
2008 zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'
tcef;(1) yk'fr 2 wGif EkdifiHawmfudk
jynfaxmifpkorwjrefrmEkdifiHawmf
wpfOD;uqdkonf/
jrefrmhjyKjyifajymif;vJa&;vkyf
ief;rsm;aemufydkif; ,cifu Burma
xm;0,fpDrHudef; jyefvnfoHk;oyfa&;awmif;qdk
&efukef? ZGef 7
xm;0,ftxl;pD;yGm;a&;ZkefESifh
a&eufqdyfurf;pDrHudef;vkyfief;\
qkd;usKd;ESifh aumif;usKd;rsm;udk jyef
vnfcsdefnd a'ocHrsm;ESifh &if;ESD;
jrKyfESHol ESpfOD;ESpfzuf tusKd;&SdEkdif
rnfhenf;vrf;opfrsm;udk &SmazG&ef
tcsed w
f efNyDjzpfaMumif; xm;0,fa'o
&Sd t"dut&yfbuftzGJUtpnf;wpfck
jzpfaom xm;0,fzGHUNzdK;wdk;wufa&;
tzGJU (DDA) u tpdk;&udkawmif;qkd
vkdufonf/
a&;rSL;awG pDrHudef;&yfqkdif;r,fvkdY
oabmwlvufrw
S x
f ;kd Muygw,f}} [k
awmif;qdkrIwGifyg0ifcJhol &Gmom;
wpfOD;uajymMum;onf/
vufyef;awmif;awmif aMu;eD
pDrHudef;,m,D&yfqkdif;&eftwGuf
vufrSwfa&;xdk;&mwGif a'ocHrsm;
ESifh v,f,majrESifhywfoufonfh
tjiif;yGm;rIjyemjzpfyGm;aepOf &yf
qkdif;ygrnfqkdonfhoabmwlcsufudk
jrefrmhpD;yGm;a&;OD;ydkifrS wm0efcHwpf
OD;u oabmwlvufrSwfa&;xkd;cJh
onf[kvnf; rsufjrifawGU&Sdolwpf
OD;uajymMum;onf/
vufyaH wmif;awmifaMu;eDxw
k v
f yk f
a&;pDru
H ed ;f udk 2010 jynfEh SpfrSpwif
taumifxnfazmfaqmif&Gufjcif;jzpf
NyD; rHk&GmNrdKUwpfzufurf; qm;vif;
BuD;NrdKUe,fwGif taumifxnfazmf
aqmif&Gufvsuf&Sdaom tkdifAif[dk;
(jrefrm,efpD)aMu;eDpDrHudef;aemuf
ENVIRONMENT
NATURAL RESOURCES
"mwfykH-ukdouf(rkH&Gm)
&efukefNrdKUawmfwGif ZGefv 7
&ufaeYuusif;yaom xm;0,fpDrH
udef;tay: a'ocHrsm;\ em;vnf
oabmaygufrIqkdif&m ppfwrf;xkwf
jyefonfh tcrf;tem;wGif xdkodkY
ajymqkdcJhjcif;jzpfonf/
"mwkpufHkuJhodkYaom vkyfief;
rsm;wGif vkyfom;tenf;i,fom
vkdtyfNyD; a'ocHrsm;twGufvnf;
tE&m,f&SdaMumif;? tjcm;pufkHrsm;
jzpfaom wm,mpufHk? pnfoGwfbl;
pufrkH sm; wnfaqmufjcif;jzifh a'ocH
rsm;twG u f v nf ; tvk y f t ud k i f
tcGifhtvrf;rsm; zefwD;ay;&ma&muf
EkdifaMumif; DDA rS ndEIdif;a&;rSL;
OD;bkdbkdatmifu ajymMum;onf/
]]ESpfOD;ESpfzuf tusKd;&Sdr,fh
Win-Win aygh ? ol w k d Y t usKd ; a&m?
a'ocHawGa&m tusKd;&Sd&r,f}} [k
if;uqkdonf/
a'ocHrsm;\toHukd em;axmif
a&;? xifa,mifxifrmS ;rvkyb
f J pDru
H ed ;f
ESifhywfoufonfrsm;udk &Sif;vif;
pGmajymqkad &;? pDrHudef;wGif yg0ifywf
oufolrsm;ESifh ndEIdif;aqmif&Guf&ef
pDrHudef;taumiftxnfazmfaeaom
tDwmvsH-xkdif;ukrPDudkawmif;qkd
aMumif; DDA u qkdonf/
pDru
H ed ;f ESiyhf wfouf ywf0ef;
usifqkdif&m oufa&mufrIppfwrf;
(Enviromental Impact Assessment)
xdcdkufrI? qkd;usKd;rsm;jym;rnfqkdygu
pDru
H ed ;f vkyaf qmifrnfr[kwaf Mumif;
ajymqdkxm;onf/
pDru
H ed ;f udk tpk;d & pyfu;l ryfu;l
umvwGif wufokwfdkufvufrSwf
xk d ; taumif t xnf a zmf c J h j cif ; uk d
vnf; rsm;pGmoHo,&SdaMumif; 88
rsKd;qufausmif;om;rsm;\ Nidrf;csrf;
a&;ESifh yGifhvif;vlYtzGJUtpnf;azmf
aqmifa&;c&D;pOfwGif xm;0,fa'o
odkYoGm;a&mufcJhonfh 88 rsKd;quf
ausmif;om;rsm;tzGJUacgif;aqmif
OD;udkudkBuD;u qkdonf/
,if;pDru
H ed ;f udk 2010 a&G;aumufyJ G
rwkdifrD ig;&uftvdk Ekd0ifbmv 2
&ufaeYwGif vufrSwfa&;xkd;cJhonf/
]]a'owpfckzGHUNzdK;wdk;wufa&;
vkyfwJhtcgrSm a'ocHawG&JU tusKd;
pD;yGm;eJY epfemqHk;IH;rIawGudkvnf;
xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;zdkY vkdygw,f}}[k
xm;0,fc&D;pOfwiG v
f u
dk yf gcJah om 88
rsKd;qufausmif;om;wpfOD;jzpfaom
OD;NyHK;csKdu The Voice Weekly odkY
ajymMum;onf/
n &if p Ek d i f ;
NEWS MAKER
'kwd,0efBuD;ESpfOD;ESifU aumfr&SiftzGJY0ifwpfOD;EkwfxGuf
&efukef? ZGef 6
50
B
VOICE
The
SUPPLEMENT
FOREIGN AFFAIRS
uGef
NEWS MAKER
tvkyform;ta&;tcif;ESpfywfvnfaeh 38 ESpftMumwGif
yxrqHk;jyefusif;y
&efukef? ZGef 7
udkvdkeDacwftrsKd;om;vGwf
ajrmufa&;vIyf&Sm;rI 1300 jynfh
a&eH a jrtvk y f o rm;oyd w f B uD ;
aemufydkif; 1974 ckESpfwGif jzpfyGm;cJh
onfhtBuD;rm;qHk;aom tvkyform;
ta&;tcif ; ES p f y wf v nf a eYud k
ESpfaygif; 38 ESpftMum ,ckZGefv
6 &ufaeYwGif yxrqHk;tBudrftjzpf
jyefvnfusif;ycGifh&cJhaMumif; ,if;yGJ
usif;ycJhol 1974-75-76 tvkyf
orm;a[mif;BuD;rsm;u ajymMum;
onf/
(38)ESpfajrmuf 1974 tvkyf
orm;ta&;tcif;ESpfywfvnfaeYESifh
74-75-76 ausmif;om;ta&;tcif;
vIyf&Sm;rItxdrf;trSwfyGJudk ZGefv 6
&ufaeYwiG f a&T*w
kH ikd &f dS awmf0ifEiS ;f qD
cef;r usif;ycJhjcif;jzpfonf/
1974 ta&;tcif;ESifh OD;oefY
ta&;tcif;wGiyf g0ifc?hJ jzpfysucf jhJ cif;
rsm;udk rnfolrQ rarhao;aMumif;?
,cktcsdefwGif aemufxyftvm;wl
jzpf&yfrsKd;rjzpfatmif BudK;pm;&rnf
jzpfaMumif; ,if;yGJwGifzdwfMum;cH&
wufa&mufvmol owif;pmq&m
[Hom0wDOD;0if;wifu ajymMum;
onf/
]]tJ'w
D ek ;f u awmif;wmu qD?
INSTITUTIONAL
rEav;NrdKUawmfpnfyifom,m
a&;aumfrwD (MCDC) onf rEav;NrKUd
pnfyifom,me,fedrdwf NrdKUe,f
ajcmufNrdKUe,f&Sd tkyfcsKyfa&;rSL;Hk;
rsm;wGif pnfyifom,ma&;vkyfief;
rsm;udk wpfae&mwnf;tNyD; (One
Stop Service) ZGefv 12 &ufaeYrS
pwif aqmif&Gufay;rnfjzpfaMumif;
tqkdyg MCDC \owif;xkwfjyef
csuft& od&onf/
pnfyifom,ma&;vkyfief;rsm;
wpfae&mwnf;tNyD;aqmif&Gufay;
rnfhNrdKUe,f ajcmufNrdKUe,frSm atmif
ajrompH? csrf;at;ompH? r[matmif
ajr? csrf;jrompnf? jynfBuD;wHceG Ef iS hf
tr&yl&NrdKUe,fwdkYjzpfNyD; rdrdwdkYouf
qkid &f m NrdKUe,ftvku
d t
f rd af qmufred Yf?
a&rDwm? vrf;wHwm;? tcGe?f oefY&iS ;f
a&;vkid pf ifEiS hf yef;O,smOfEiS o
hf ufqidk f
onfhvkyfief;rsm;udk NrdKUawmfcef;r&Sd
MCDC XmeokYdomG ;p&mrvdb
k J MCDC
H;k csKyo
f ufqidk &f mXmetvku
d 0f efxrf;rsm;
u NrdKUe,fajcmufNrdKUe,f kH;xkdif
vkyif ef;rsm;udkaeYcsi;f Ny;D oGm;a&mufqufo,
G f
aqmif&u
G Ef idk af Mumif;? NrdKUjypDru
H ed ;f ESihf
ajrpDrcH efYcrJG XI meqkid &f m vkyif ef;rsm;udk
rl NrdKUawmfpnfyifom,ma&;aumfrwD
H;k yif qufvufaqmif&u
G af y;oGm;
rnf[k MCDC xHrS pHkprf;od&Sd&
onf/
<
ygw,f}} [k if;uqdkonf/
awmifudk&D;,m;orw
vDajrmifbwfonf NyD;cJhonfh arv
twGif; ESpfaygif;30 cefYeD;yg;wGif
jrefrmEdkifiHodkY yxrqH;k tBudrt
f jzpf
oGm;a&mufvnfywfcJhonf/
,cifawmifudk&D;,m;orw
csef'l;0rf 1983 ckESpf jrefrmEdkifiHodkY
vma&mufvnfywfpOfu ajrmufu&k d ;D ,m;
at;*sirh f sm;uvkyBf uHcMhJ uonf/
rpwmcsef'l;0rfrSm vkyfBuHrIrS
vufrwifav;vGwaf jrmufomG ;cJah omf
vnf; awmifu&kd ;D ,m;Edik if o
H m; 17 OD;
aoqH;k cJ&h onf/
jrefrmEdik if o
H nf Edik if w
H umtodik ;f
t0dik ;f wGif ESpu
f mvMum&Snpf mG ty,fcH
jzpfc&hJ mrS ,cktcg wjznf;jznf;csif;
jyefvnftodtrSwjfyKcv
H m&NyjDzpfaMumif;?
taMumif;rSm ppfbufausmaxmuf
aemufcHt&yfom;tpdk;&vufxuf
a&G;aumufyu
J G si;f yay;jcif;? 'Drdkua&pD
acgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pkMunf
ygvDrefvw
T af wmfudk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf
a&G;aumufwifajrmufcH&jcif; tp&Sd
onfwdkYaMumifhjzpfaMumif; rpwm
vDajrmifbwfu ajymMum;onf/
]]urmvHk;qdkif&m vGwfvyfrIeJY
jyKjyifajymif;vJa&;qdkwJhavawGu
ajrmuftmz&duudk jzwfoef;wdu
k cf wf
w,f/ tck tm&Sa'orSm tJ'Dav
awG[m tm;aumif;armif;oefeYJ ordik ;f
wGirf ,fv
h m;&meJYwu
kd cf wfaeygw,f/
b,forl S xD;xD;BuD;&yfNyD; qefYusiv
f Ykd
r&ygbl;}} [k orwvDajrmifbwfu
qdkonf/
]]jrefrmEdkifiH vGwfvyfyGifhvif;
wJh acwfopfwpfckudk zGifhvSpfEdkifNyD
qdkwJhtcsufudk ajrmufudk&D;,m;EdkifiH
qDay;ydYkzYkd orwOD;ode;f pdeu
f kd uReaf wmf
ajymqdkcJhygw,f/ ajrmufudk&D;,m;
qdkwm jrefrmeJY&if;ESD;rI&SdwJh EdkifiH
wpfEdkifiHyg/}}
jrefrmEdkifiHonf uGefjrLepf
ajrmufu&kd ;D ,m;ESihf cspfMunf&if;ES;D rI
udk ESpt
f awmfMumxde;f odr;f xm;cJah omf
vnf; orwvDajrmifbwf NyD;cJo
h nfh
arvuvma&mufvnfywfpOftwGi;f
EsLuvD;,m;ydik q
f ikd af om ajrmufu&kd ;D
,m;ESiphf pfa&;yl;aygif;aqmif&u
G rf rI sm;
udk &yfqikd ;f rnfjzpfaMumif; jrefrmtpd;k &
u uwday;ajymqdkcJhonf/
awmifESifh ajrmufudk&D;,m;
ESpEf ikd if q
H ufqaH &;rSm NyD;cJo
h nfh 2010
jynfhESpf awmifudk&D;,m;ppfoabFm
tm; awmfyDwdk'Hk;usnfjzifh ypfcwf
wdu
k cf u
kd cf &H rIjzpfay:cJNh y;D aemuf at;wd
at;pufjzpfoGm;cJhonf/
tqdkygjzpf&yfonf ajrmuf
ud&k ;D ,m;aMumif[
h k awmifu&kd ;D ,m;u
pGyfpGJajymqdkcJhonf/
ajrmufu&kd ;D ,m;uvnf; r[kwf
rrSeaf Mumif; a'gowBu;D jiif;y,fcu
hJ m
xdEk pS Ef 0kd ifbmvwGif awmifu&kd ;D ,m;ydik f
uRef;odYk tajrmufrsm;jzifyh pfcwfwu
kd f
cdu
k cf jhJ yef&m awmifudk&D;,m;av;OD;
aoqHk;cJh&onf/
<
NEWS MAKER
xdkif;-jrefrmqufqHa&;ydkaumif;vmrnf[k
a':atmifqef;pkMunf oHk;oyf
&efukef? ZGef 6