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Flow control valve

Sam Mahmoudi Deputy manager Didactic department Festo Iran Ir0mas@festo.com

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Flow control valves are used to reduce the speed of a cylinder or the r.p.m. of a motor. Since both values are dependent on the flow rate, this must be reduced. However, fixed displacement pumps supply a uniform flow rate. Reduction in the rate of flow supplied to the drive element is achieved according to the following principle: A reduction in the flow cross-section in the flow control valve causes an increase in pressure ahead of this. This pressure causes the pressure relief valve to open and, consequently, results in a division of the flow rate. This division of the flow rate causes the flow volume required for the r.p.m. or speed to flow to the power component and the excess delivery to be discharged via the pressure relief valve. This results in a considerable energy loss. In order to save energy, adjustable pumps can be used. In this case, the increase in pressure acts on the adjustable pump device. On the basis of their controlling or regulating function, flow control valves are classified as either: - flow control valves or - flow regulating valves.

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procedure

procedure

throttle

orifice

Drawing press

A drawing press is used to shape metal workpieces. Following modification of the hydraulic system, the workpieces are no longer dimensionally accurate. The reason for this may be that the required press pressure is not being reached. Use a special test set-up to measure the hydraulic resistance of the components used.

throttle

orifice

Pressure Hammer : - Weight - space of installation - number of components - flexible in design & function - accuracy - repeatability - service life - safety - reliability - product quality - maintenance free - easy to install - easy to start up - diagnosis - production time - shock elimination - high efficiency - low noise - high life of static & dynamic seals - near to actuator - degree of automation

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Restrictors and orifice valves Restrictors and orifice valves represent a flow resistance. This resistance is dependent on the flow cross-section and its geometric form and on the viscosity of the liquid. When hydraulic fluid is passed through the flow resistor, there is a fall in pressure as a result of friction and of an increase in the flow velocity. The part of the pressure drop caused by friction can be considerably reduced by changing the orifice shape. In order to obtain the required resistance using an orifice, turbulence must be achieved by increasing the flow velocity (smaller cross-section than that of a corresponding restrictor). In this way, the resistance of the orifice is determined by the turbulence and becomes independent of viscosity. For this reason, orifice valves are used in cases where independence from temperature and, therefore, from viscosity is required, e.g. in flow gauges.

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Cavitation and micro diesel

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FESTO DIDACTIC Training & Consulting

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Meter in Dependent on load Meter off Bleed off flow Control Meter in Independent of load Meter off

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One-way flow control valve Flow control valve with free flow check valve

FESTO DIDACTIC Training & Consulting

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FESTO DIDACTIC Training & Consulting

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METER_IN

Evaluation

P1 P2 Q1 Q2 PBP ,

Tractive force

FESTO DIDACTIC Training & Consulting

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METER_OUT

Evaluation

P1 P2 Q1 Q2 PBP ,

FESTO DIDACTIC Training & Consulting

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FESTO DIDACTIC Training & Consulting

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2- way flow regulator valve Flow control valve with pressure compensation ( RESTRICTOR TYPE )

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2- way flow regulator valve Flow control valve with pressure compensation ( RESTRICTOR TYPE )

FESTO DIDACTIC Training & Consulting

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METER_IN Evaluation

P1 P2 Q1 Q2 PBP ,

Tractive force

FESTO DIDACTIC Training & Consulting

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METER_OUT Evaluation

P1 P2 Q1 Q2 PBP ,

FESTO DIDACTIC Training & Consulting

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FESTO DIDACTIC Training & Consulting

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FESTO DIDACTIC Training & Consulting

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FESTO DIDACTIC Training & Consulting

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Variable tractive force

FESTO DIDACTIC Training & Consulting

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COUNTER BALANCE VALVE (COUNTER PRESSURE VALVE)

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COUNTER BALANCE VALVE (COUNTER PRESSURE VALVE)

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Setting procedure

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Setting procedure

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Setting procedure

FESTO DIDACTIC Training & Consulting

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FESTO DIDACTIC Training & Consulting

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Embossing Machine A special machine is used to emboss graphic symbols on metal foil. The foil is fed through the embossing machine with an adjustable cycle time. The downward motion of the stamp must be capable of being varied in accordance with the feed speed. The return motion must always be executed as a rapid traverse. A one-way flow control valve is used to control the speed of the stamp, while a pressure relief valve is used to prevent the weight of the stamp from pulling the piston rod out of the cylinder. A 4/2-way valve is used to switch between upwards and downwards motion.

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Embossing Machine

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Ferry loading ramp The loading ramp of a car ferry must be capable of being set to different heights. The ramp is raised and lowered by a hydraulic cylinder. This motion must be carried out smoothly and at a constant speed. A flow control valve is to be used to adjust the speed. This must be installed in such a way as to prevent excessive pressures from developing within the system.

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Ferry loading ramp

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Skip handling The loading and unloading of skips from a skip transporter is carried out using two double-acting cylinders. Each cylinder is subject to varying loads tractive load during unloading and compressive load during loading. The skip should be raised and lowered at a slow constant speed. Each cylinder must therefore be hydraulically clamped on both sides.

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Skip handling

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FESTO DIDACTIC Training & Consulting

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