PRESENTED BY Sidhartha Kalra 7th Sem Dept.

of Electronics & Telecom, WEST

What is GPS?
GPS stands for Global Positioning System, a system able to show you your exact 3-D position on the Earth anytime ,anywhere, in any weather. A biologist in Brazil uses a hand-held GPS receiver in wildlife research projects.

GPS Segments:
Space Segment Control segment User segment

GPS SEGMENTS:

GPS CONSTELLATION:

HOW GPS WORKS:

TRIANGULATION DISTANCE MEASUREMENT SYNCHROSINATION SATELLITE POSITION

1.TRIANGULATION:

2.Distance from a Satellite:

1. Synchronize the Satellite & Receiver Clocks

2. Measure Travel Time of Satellite Signal, t

3. Distance (r) = Speed of Light (c) * t

3.SYNCHRONISATION:
RECEIVERS NEED ATOMIC CLOCKS FOR PERFECT SYNC. & ACCURATE POSITION MEASUREMENT.

4.SATELLITE POSITION:
IN GPS THE SATELLITES ARE THE REFERENCE.SO THEIR POSITION MUST BE KNOWN.

GPS Satellite Signals:

1.PRC Code 2.Carrier 3.Navigation message

GPS Receiver Block Diagram:

C/A Code 1575.42MHz 4.68MHz 3.636MHz 1570.74MHz 1.05MHz

SOURCES OF ERROR:
SATELLITE ERROR
TRANSMISSION ERROR

TRANSMISSION ERROR:

Application:

Civil Engineering
Road construction, Earth moving, structural placement Monitoring structural deformation

Mining
Drilling blast holes precisely Open pit mining equipment can be controlled using inputs provided by GPS

Application:
Both military and civilian applications Route navigation Safety (collision avoidance) Automated vehicle navigation

Disadvantage:
in case of ionosphere & troposphere some amount of signal is delayed Due to multipath communication the travel time increased Does not work underground, underwater or indoor