Area, perimeter and volume formulae

A = Area, P = Perimeter, V = Volume

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Plane shapes
Square

A = a2
P = 4a

Internal angle = 90
External angle = 90

Number of diagonals ND = 2

Rectangle

A = bh P = 2b + 2h

Parallelogram

A = bh P = 2b + 2a

Rhombus

A=

d D 2

P = 4a

4a 2 = d 2 + D 2
Trapezoid (trapezium)

A=

b+B h 2

P =a+b+ B+c

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Right trapezoid

A=

b+B h 2

P = a+b+ B+h

a 2 = ( B b) 2 + h 2
Equilateral triangle

A=

ah 3 2 = a 2 4
h= 3 a 2

Internal angle = 60

P = 3a ,

External angle = 120 Number of diagonals ND = 0

Isosceles triangle

A=

bh absin A = 2 2
h = a sin A

P = 2a + b ,

4a 2 = 4h 2 + b 2
Scalene triangle

A=

bh 2

P =a+b+c h = c sin A = a sin C

Right triangle

A=

ba 2

a = c sin A = c cos B
b = c sin B = c cos A

P =a+b+c

c2 = a 2 + b2
Regular pentagon

A=

5ab 5 2 5 = r 10 + 2 5 = r 2 sin 72 2 8 2 4r 2 = 4a 2 + b 2

P = 5b

Internal angle = 108 External angle = 72

Number of diagonals ND = 5

b= a=
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r 10 2 5 = 2r sin 36 2 r 6 + 2 5 = r cos 36 4

Regular hexagon

A=

3 3 2 b = 3b 2 sin 60 2 3 b = bcos 30 2

Internal angle = 120 External angle = 60

P = 6b

a=
Regular octagon

Number of diagonals ND = 9

A = 4ab = 8a 2 tan 22.5 = 8 2 8 a 2 =

P = 8b = 16atan 22.5

2b 2 2b 2 = tan 22.5 2 1

Internal angle = 135

a = r cos 22.5 b = 2r sin 22.5

Regular polygon (n sides)

External angle = 45
Number of diagonals ND = 20 Internal angle : (n 2)180 = n External angle :

nab 180 A= = na 2 tan 2 n P = nb = 2natan 180 a = r cos n 180 n 180 b = 2r sin n

= 180
Number of diagonals : n(n 3) ND = 2

Circle

A = r2
P = 2 r

Circular sector

A = r2 L=r

360

180

P = 2r + L
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is expressed in sexagesimal degrees

Circular segment

sin A = r2 2 360

h = r 1 cos 2
P = L+c,
Circular triangle

c = 2r sin h c2 + 2 8h c = 2r sin

L=r

180

r=

is expressed in sexagesimal degrees

A = r2

sin 2

P = 2r + c

is expressed in sexagesimal degrees

Circular trapezoid

A = R2 r 2

) 360
360 + 2( R r )

P = 2 ( R + r )

is expressed in sexagesimal degrees

Annulus

A = R2 r 2

P = 2 ( R + r )

Ellipse

A = ab

P ( a + b)
P = 4
/2

a 2sin 2t + b 2 cos 2 t dt

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Solid shapes
Cube (hexahedron)

A = 6 a2

AFACE = a 2 V = a3

Right prism

A = 2ab + 2ac + 2bc V = abc

Cylinder

ATOTAL = 2 r (h + r )
ABASES = 2 r 2 V = r 2 h
ALATERAL = 2 r h

Cone

ATOTAL = r g + r 2 ABASE = r 2 V= r 2 h 3
ALATERAL = r g

g 2 = h2 + r 2

Pyramid

ATOTAL = ALAT + ABASE ALAT = V= PerimeterBASE hC 2

ABASE h 3

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Sphere

A = 4r 2
4r 3 V= 3

Spherical segment

ATOTAL = ALATERAL + ABASE ABASE

V=

c2 = 4

ALATERAL = 2 r h =

2 c + 4h 2 4 r=

3c 2 h 2 2 h 4 + h = h r 3 6

h c2 + 2 8h

Torus

A = 2 Dd = 2 ( R 2 r 2 ) V= 2 2 Dd 2 = ( R + r )( R r ) 2 4 4
d = Rr

D = R+r,

Tetrahedron

A = 3 a2 AFACE = V= 3 2 a 4 hC = 3 a 2 h= 6 a 3

2 3 a 12

Octahedron

A = 2 3 a2 AFACE = V= 3 2 a 4

2 3 a 3

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Dodecahedron

A = 3 25 + 10 5 a 2 AFACE = V= 25 + 10 5 2 a 4

15 + 7 5 3 a 4

Icosahedron

A = 5 3 a2 AFACE = V= 3 2 a 4

5 3 + 5 a3 12

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