Area, perimeter and volume formulae www.vaxasoftware.

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A = Area, P = Perimeter, V = Volume

Plane shapes

Square
A = a2 Internal angle α = 90°

P = 4a External angle β = 90°

Number of diagonals ND = 2

Rectangle
A = b·h

P = 2b + 2h

Parallelogram
A = b·h

P = 2b + 2a

Rhombus
d ·D
A=
2

P = 4a

4a 2 = d 2 + D 2

Trapezoid (trapezium)
b+B
A= h
2

P =a+b+ B+c

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Right trapezoid
b+B
A= h
2

P =a+b+ B+h

a 2 = ( B − b) 2 + h 2

Equilateral triangle
a·h 3 2
A= = a Internal angle α = 60°
2 4
3
P = 3a , h= a External angle β = 120°
2
Number of diagonals ND = 0

Isosceles triangle
b·h a·b·sin A
A= =
2 2

P = 2a + b , h = a · sin A

4a 2 = 4h 2 + b 2

Scalene triangle b·h

A=
2

P = a+b+c

h = c · sin A = a · sin C

Right triangle
b·a
A= a = c · sin A = c · cos B
2

P = a+b+c b = c · sin B = c · cos A

c 2 = a 2 + b2

Regular pentagon
5a·b 5 2 5
A= = r 10 + 2 5 = r 2 ·sin 72°
2 8 2
P = 5b 4 r 2 = 4a 2 + b 2 Internal angle α = 108°
r
b= 10 − 2 5 = 2r ·sin 36° External angle β = 72°
2
r
a= 6 + 2 5 = r·cos 36° Number of diagonals ND = 5
4
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Regular hexagon
3 3 2
A= b = 3b 2 ·sin 60° Internal angle α = 120°
2
P = 6b External angle β = 60°

3
a= b = b·cos30° Number of diagonals ND = 9
2

Regular octagon 2b 2 2b 2
( )
A = 4·a·b = 8·a 2 ·tan 22.5° = 8 2 − 8 a 2 =
tan 22.5°
=
2 −1
P = 8·b = 16·a·tan 22.5° Internal angle α = 135°
a = r ·cos 22.5° External angle β = 45°
b = 2r ·sin 22.5° Number of diagonals ND = 20

Regular polygon (n sides) Internal angle :

n·a·b 180°
A= = n·a 2 ·tan (n − 2)·180°
2 n α=
n
180° External angle :
P = n·b = 2n·a·tan
n β = 180° − α
Number of diagonals :
180° 180°
a = r ·cos b = 2r ·sin n·(n − 3)
n n ND =
2
Circle
A = π r2

P = 2π r

Circular sector
α
A = π r2
360°

α
L=πr
180°

P = 2r + L α is expressed in sexagesimal degrees

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Circular segment
 π·α sin α 
A = r2 − 
 360° 2 

 α α α
h = r 1 − cos  c = 2r ·sin L=πr
 2 2 180°

h c2
P = L+c, r= + α is expressed in sexagesimal degrees
2 8h

Circular triangle
sin α α
A = r2 c = 2r ·sin
2 2

P = 2r + c α is expressed in sexagesimal degrees

Circular trapezoid
α
A = π (R 2 − r 2 )
360°

α
P = 2π ( R + r ) + 2( R − r )
360°
α is expressed in sexagesimal degrees

Annulus
(
A = π R2 − r 2 )
P = 2π ( R + r )

Ellipse
A = π a·b

P ≅ π (a + b)

π/2
P = 4∫ a 2sin 2t + b 2 cos 2 t dt
0

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Solid shapes

Cube (hexahedron)
A = 6 a2

AFACE = a 2

V = a3

Right prism
A = 2a·b + 2a·c + 2b·c

V = a·b·c

Cylinder
ATOTAL = 2π r (h + r )

ABASES = 2π r 2 ALATERAL = 2π r ·h

V = π·r 2 ·h

Cone
ATOTAL = π r ·g + π r 2

ABASE = π r 2 ALATERAL = π r · g

π r 2 ·h
V= g 2 = h2 + r 2
3

Pyramid
ATOTAL = ALAT + ABASE

PerimeterBASE ·hC
ALAT =
2

ABASE ·h
V=
3

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Sphere
A = 4 π·r 2

4 π·r 3
V=
3

Spherical segment
ATOTAL = ALATERAL + ABASE

π c2 π 2
ABASE =
4
ALATERAL = 2π r·h =
4
(c + 4h 2 )

π  3c 2   h h c2
V= h  + h 2  = π h 2  r −  r= +
6  4   3 2 8h

Torus
A = π 2 D·d = π 2 ( R 2 − r 2 )

π2 π2
V= D·d 2 = ( R + r )·(R − r ) 2
4 4

D= R+r, d = R−r

Tetrahedron
A = 3 a2

3 2 3 6
AFACE = a hC = a h= a
4 2 3

2 3
V= a
12

Octahedron
A = 2 3 a2

3 2
AFACE = a
4

2 3
V= a
3

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Dodecahedron
A = 3 25 + 10 5 a 2

25 + 10 5 2
AFACE = a
4

15 + 7 5 3
V= a
4
Icosahedron
A = 5 3 a2

3 2
AFACE = a
4

V=
5
12
(3 + 5 a3 )

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