GUIDELINES IN WRITING A RESEARCH PROPOSAL

Dr. Raquel L. Pasigpasigan

INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH & DOCUMENTATION OFFICER San Juan de Dios Educational Foundation Inc. October , 2007

Thesis Format Guide

GUIDELINES IN WRITING A RESEARCH PROPOSAL Students are required to write thesis as one of the requirements for the completion of their degrees. At the beginning of the semester, they are expected to come up with a research proposal. Selection of a research topic 1. The research topic should be in line with the curriculum or program of study of the student. 2. The study begins as a problem that the researcher would like to solve or as a question that he or she would like to answer. 3. The following criteria for selecting a research topic: Originality Workability Theoretical Value Practical Value Interest of Researcher 4. The research topic must reflect the variables /problems of the study.

Thesis Format Guide

PREPARING THE RESEARCH PROPOSAL The body of the research proposal contains three main chapters. These are: Chapter I Chapter II THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDICES Chapter I: The Problem and Its Background The text ordinarily begins with an introduction which gives a brief background of the study. It gives the origin of the problem . It orients the reader what prompted the researcher to conduct the study. It gives the rationale or an account describing the circumstances which suggested the research. Systematic and orderly presentation of background information related to the problem, the unresolved issues and social concerns
3

Chapter III

Thesis Format Guide

which may start with the global scenario, then moves to the national level and finally to the local setting Theoretical / Conceptual Framework From the review of related literature, the researcher can formulate a tentative scheme for the research problem. The theoretical framework presents a broad, general explanation of the relationships between the concepts of interest in a research study based on one existing theory. The theoretical framework outlines the research theory to be verified in the study. If there is no existing theory that will fit the concepts to be studied, the researcher may construct a conceptual framework to be used in the proposed research study. The conceptual framework specifies the key variables of the study. It describes the aspects selected from the theoretical framework to become the basis of the study. The interrelationship among the variables is usually represented in a diagram. Statement of the Problem The problem to be studied must be shown as one which arose from a situation of professional need or unresolved difficulties. The reader must be able to recognize this need. Problems include major and specific concerns. The problem should be stated precisely, accurately, and clearly.
4

Thesis Format Guide

The major problem should be stated in the declarative form. The specific problems interrogative form. Hypotheses Hypotheses are tentative statements about the given population. They serve as tentative answers to one or more research problems, and are subjected to statistical test. When no relationship is expected (null hypothesis) There is no relationship between intelligence and clinical performance among beginning nurses. * When a relationship is expected (nondirectional hypotheis) There is a relationship between sleep deprivation and examination grades among first year nursing students. There is a significant difference in the test scores obtained by full time and working students. When a specific relationship is expected (directional hypothesis ) There is an inverse relationship between sleep
5

are

stated

in

Thesis Format Guide

deprivation and examination grades of first year nursing students. Full time students significantly scored higher on the examinations than working students. The level of significance usually at p<.01 or p<.05 level is set before testing. Scope and Delimitation of the Study Limits of the study need to be properly defined. The scope is expected to indicate a reasonable area of study which is large enough to be significant but narrow to permit careful treatment. The scope of the problem should be stated specifically. The nature of any subjects to be treated, their number, the treatments they will receive, any limitations that exist in the reference population, instruments or research design should be stated. Significance of the Study This part should state the importance of the problem investigated and the significance of the results. It should include a statement on the potential contribution of the research to nursing administration, nursing service, nursing education ,nursing students and patients should be discussed. Policy implications for and other possible uses can also be cited. It should present an orderly identification of the probable uses of
6

Thesis Format Guide

research and should state specific ways on how the findings can be used. Definition of Terms Clear definitions should be stated for all important variables, especially if these are to be measured by means of specific instruments or a combination of devices. This includes conceptual and operational definitions of important terms as used in the study. Operational definition can be constructed in terms of the operations that must be performed to cause the phenomenon or state being defined to occur. Example: Frustration is the state which results when an individual is blocked from reaching a highly desired goal which is close to attainment. Operational definition can be constructed in terms of what the object or phenomenon being defined looks like or what constitutes its static properties. Example: Teaching effectiveness is defined by the outcomes that are produced such as student learning and student satisfaction. Operational definition can be constructed in terms of how the particular thing being defined operates, what it does or what constitutes its dynamic properties. Example: Aggression behavior of a person blocked from attaining a goal. It is acting out, fighting or speaking loudly or abusively.
7

Thesis Format Guide

Conceptual definition is identifying something in terms of hypothetical criteria rather than observable ones. Definitions can be taken from books, dictionary and encyclopedia. Chapter II: Review of Related Literature The initial review provides researchers with a background for understanding knowledge on a topic and illuminates the significance of the new study. Literature review during the initial phase can : Help identify a research problem, develop and refine the research questions; Orient the researcher about what has or has not been done on the problem, Determine gaps or inconsistencies in a body of research; Determine the need to replicate a prior study in a different setting or with a different study population; Identify and develop a new clinical intervention to test through empirical research; Explain or clarify the theoretical rationale of the problem. Identify a suitable design and data collection methods for the study. To locate relevant literature for a research

Thesis Format Guide

review , utilize information from print resources such as books, journals, unpublished theses and dissertations. You may also use the internet.

LIST OF METASEARCH AND METACRAWLER ENGINES

meta
SEARCH THE SEARCH ENGINES

http://www.metacrawler.com/ www.webcrawler.com http://www.search.com www.dogpile.com http://vivisimo.com/ http://mamma.com http://www.kartoo.com/ http://www.surfwax.com http://www.icerocket.com/ http://www.info.com/ http://www.infogrid.com/ http;//www.izito.com/ Only research literature which are related in purpose, method, or findings to the current study should be included in the review. The discussion should be in the form of a brief critical analysis of the purposes, method of the study, principal findings, and conclusions.
9

WebCrawler
search.com

DoGPILE

Vivisimo
Mamma KartOO

SurfWax ICEROCKET

info.com
INfoGrid

IZito

Thesis Format Guide

The review may also point out weaknesses and strengths of each study.

Synthesis The section explains how the literature were reviewed in relation to the problem. Summarize the review and provide a transition from the past studies to the present one. The latter should be shown to relate with or evolved from earlier work.

Chapter III: Research Methodology The section on Methodology includes the research design, the sample, and the data collection procedure, description of instruments and data analysis procedure, statistical treatment and analysis. Research Design The research design focuses on the overall plan for the collection of data, including the steps the researcher will take to minimize biases . There are two basic categories of research design non-experimental and experimental. Non-experimental designs are meant to answer questions that have to do with describing things or the characteristics. The key point is that the investigator is an observer in the study and does not
10

Thesis Format Guide

intervene. Experimental designs are meant to answer questions about causality. Some of the most practical and popular designs are reviewed here.

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
NON-EXPERIMENTAL

RESEARCH

Researchers collect data w/out making changes or introducing treatments.

EXPERIMENTAL

RESEARCH

Researchers actively introduce an intervention or treatment

11

Thesis Format Guide

NON-EXPERIMENTAL

IF YOU WILL COMPARE THE ELIMINATION PATTERNS OF THE TWO GROUPS OF PEOPLE WHOSE REGULAR EATING PATTERNS DIFFERED- SOME TOOK FOODS THAT STIMULATED BOWEL ELIMINATION AND OTHERS DID NOT THERE IS NO INTERVENTION

PEOPLE W/ REGULAR EATING PATTERNS

TAKING FOOD THAT STIMULATED ELIMINATION

ARE NOT TAKING FOOD WHICH STIMULATED ELIMINATION

ELIMINATION PATTERNS

ELIMINATION PATTERNS

COMPARE

12

Thesis Format Guide

EXPERIMENTAL
IF

YOU WILL GIVE BRAN FLAKES TO ONE GROUP OF SUBJECTS AND PRUNE JUICE TO ANOTHER AND YOU WOULD LIKE TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE TWO METHODS IN FACILITATING ELIMINATION AMONG ELDERLY PATIENTS. THE STUDY IS EXPERIMENTAL.

ELDERLY PATIENTS

METHOD 1 BRAN FLAKES

METHOD 2 PRUNE JUICE

EFFECTIVENESS IN FACILITATING ELIMINATION

13

Thesis Format Guide

NON-EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
EXPOST

FACTO Attempts to understand relationships among phenomena as they naturally occur, without any researcher intervention.
TYPES RETROSPECTIVE

Some phenomenon existing at present is linked to other phenomenon that occurred in the past, before the study was initiated.

HYPOTHESIS

There is correlation between the number of cigarettes smoked and the incidence of lung cancer.

ANTECEDENT BEHAVIORS AND CONDITIONS SMOKING HABITS

WITH LUNG CANCER

WITHOUT LUNG CANCER

14

Thesis Format Guide

Survival Skills of SJD Successful Board Passers

4.8 4.69

Able to read with comprehension

4.66

4.7 4.6 4.5

Able to think critically

4.44 4.4 4.34 4.3 4.2 4.1 4

1

Able to eliminate the obviously incorrect alternatives Able to eliminate alternatives that do not agree grammatically with the stem Able to identify difference among the facts & ideas with each group of options

4.25

PROSPECTIVE DESIGN
Starts with presumed causes and goes forward in time, longitudinally, to the presumed effect.

15

Thesis Format Guide

HYPOTHESIS : Incidence of rubella during pregnancy is

related to malformations in the offspring.

THOSE WHO CONTRACTED RUBELLA DURING PREGNANCY

PREGNANT WOMEN
THOSE WHO DID NOT CONTRACT RUBELLA DURING PREGNANCY

OCCURRENCE OF CONGENITAL ANOMALIES

HISTORICAL THE

RESEARCH

SYSTEMATIC COLLECTION AND EVALUATION OF DATA RELATED TO PAST OCCURRENCES IN ORDER TO DESCRIBE CAUSES, EFFECTS OR TRENDS OF THOSE EVENTS THAT MAY HELP TO EXPLAIN PRESENT EVENTS AND ANTICIPATE FUTURE EVENTS.

16

Thesis Format Guide

DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH
Involves collecting data in order to test hypothesis or to answer questions concerning the current status of the subject of the study.

17

Thesis Format Guide

Learning Style of SJDEFI RESEARCH TYPES OF DESCRIPTIVE Students

DESCRIPTIVE SURVEY
52, 20% To obtain information from populations regarding prevalence, distribution and interrelations of variables 106, 40% within those populations. CENSUS SURVEY When surveys use the entire population SAMPLE SURVEY 104, 40% When surveys use samples of individuals

V isual A ud itory K ine sthetic

18

Thesis Format Guide

Obtained Weighted Means Showing the Frequency Specific Words were Used by BS Nursing Students

WORDS
Hello Thank you Yes Please May I help you No Right away I love you Praise God I am sorry Goodbye Thy will be done

First
3.88 4.31 3.5 3.56 3 3.37 2.62 2.93 3.25 3.56 3.81 2.62

Seco nd
4 4.4 3.7 3.5 3.2 3.5 3.2 3.1 3.3 3.7 3.3 3.3

Third
4.4 4.64 3.87 4.15 3.52 3.45 2.82 3.71 3.63 3.87 3.23 3.03

Fourth
5 5 5 5 4 4 3 5 4 4 4 3

WM
4.32 4.59 4.02 4.05 3.43 3.58 2.91 3.69 3.55 3.78 3.59 2.99

INTERPRETATION
Often Very often Often Often Sometimes Often Sometimes Often Often Often Often Sometimes

Overall WM

3.36

3.51

3.69

4.25

3.7

Often

THE ANTECEDENT CHARACTERISTICS OF PEOPLE WHO WERE LATER ABLE TO QUIT SMOKING
THOSE

SMOKING

one year after

WHO WERE ABLE TO QUIT

19

Thesis Format Guide

Nursing Students Professionalism

The researcher investigated the issue when they were freshmen, every year until they were in fourth year.
FIRST FIRST YEAR YEAR FOURTH YEAR

SECOND YEAR

THIRD YEAR

NURSING STUDENTS PROFESSIONALISM

NURSING GOV T LICENSURE EXAM Date #of takers Passed SJ Passing% Nat l %

June 2004 43 June 2003 25 June 2002 17 June 2001 15 Dec 2000 April 2000 Nov 1999 May 1999 Nov 1998 May 1998

13 20 18 40 26 44

34 8 10 8 10 8 9 25 17 32

79.07% 32.00% 59% 53% 77% 40% 50% 63% 65% 73%

55.73% 53% 46% 51% 48% 51% 48% 51% 58% 54%

20

Thesis Format Guide

DESCRIPTIVE

STATUS THE PURPOSE IS TO DETERMINE THE PREVAILING CONDITIONS IN A GROUP OF CASES CHOSEN FOR STUDY.

DESCRIPTIVE

ANALYSIS ITS PURPOSE IS TO DESCRIBE THE NATURE OF AN OBJECT BY SEPARATING IT INTO ITS PARTS.

21

Thesis Format Guide

Students Performance in the Different Subjects in the MT Government Licensure Exam September, 2003
64.5 64 63.5 63 62.5 62 61.5 61 60.5 Histopahlogic & mT Laws & MT Lab. Hematology 61.88

64.17

Students Performance in the Different Subjects in the MT Government Licensure Exam March, 2004

68 66 64 62 60 58 56 54 52

6 6 .2 7

58

H is p a th o lo g y

H e m a to lo g y

22

Thesis Format Guide

Needs Assessment
4 3 .5 3 2 .5 2 1 .5 1 0 .5 0 T h e G e n e ra l T o o ls o fS o u rc e s o f Q u a n t it a t ive R e s eQ rcahlit a t ive R e s e a rcah t ic a l Te c h n iq u e s au S t tis R e s e a rc h R e s e a rc h a b le D e s ig n fo r A n a ly z in g P ro b le m s Q u a n t it a t ive D a ta 1 .7 3 3.07 3.2 3 .7 3 3.27

DESCRIPTIVE

EVALUATIVE

The

purpose is to appraise carefully the worthiness of the current study The intent is to help people decide whether the program should be discarded, replaced, modified, continued or replicated.

23

Thesis Format Guide

Evaluation of Students Recollection SY 2003-2004

4

3.81

3.71

3.71 3.47 3.2 3.29

3.78 3.32

3.5

3.06
3

2.5

1.5

0.5

0
Tim e Venue Objectives Facilitator Activities Hand-outs Individu al Participation Group Interaction Food

EFFECTIVENESS OF THE LIBRARY IN THE DELIVERY OF QUALITY SERVICE TO STUDENTS SY 2004-2005

4.5 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0

3.43

3.6 3.29

3.61

4.01

1 Library collection supports the needs of the clients. Reading apaces are available for the students, faculty and personnel. The library head andstaff are accommodating. The procedure for requisition of library materials is well-defined. The library is open 44 hours a week, no noon break.

24

Thesis Format Guide

DESCRIPTIVE-COMPARATIVE THE

RESEARCHER CONSIDERS TWO ENTITIES (NOT MANIPULATED) AND ESTABLISHES A CRITERION DATA ON THE BASIS OF WHICH HE CAN COMPARE AND CONCLUDE WHICH OF THE TWO IS BETTER.

Weighted Means Obtained by Hospital Units in Terms of Quality of Service for December 2004

5 4 3 2 1 0

4.24 4.0 5 4

3.9 3 .8 7 3 .87 3.78 3.74 3.6 9 3.6 7

3 .5 8

3 .2 9

N u rs ing S ervice D ivis io n Me d ica l S ocial S ervice Ad m itting Ma in tena n ce C a s h ie r Billin g

P as to ra l C are Fo o d Se rvice /D ie tary H o us e kee ping /Orderly E m erge n cy Se rvice S ecurity C a nte en

25

Thesis Format Guide

CORRELATIONAL TO

DETERMINE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TWO VARIABLES

TRUE EXPERIMENTS
RESEARCHERS

ARE ACTIVE AGENTS IN TRUE EXPERIMENTS PROPERTIES OF AN EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN

1. MANIPULATION OF
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE 2. CONTROL GROUP 3. RANDOMIZATION

26

Thesis Format Guide

MANIPULATION THE EXPERIMENTER DOES SOMETHING TO AT LEAST SOME SUBJECTS RESEARCH TOPIC: BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF TACTILE STIMULATION ON PRETERM BABIES HYPOTHESIS: GENTLE TOUCH, STROKING AND RUBBING EQUALLY PROVIDE BENEFICIAL BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS ON PRE-TERM BABIES.

WHICH HAS THE MOST BENEFICIAL BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS ON PRETERM BABIES?

TYPE OF TACTILE STIMULATION

GENTLE TOUCH

STROKING

RUBBING

BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS ON PRETERM BABIES

27

Thesis Format Guide

CONTROL

THE EXPERIMENTER INTRODUCES CONTROLS OVER THE EXPERIMENTAL SITUATION, INCLUDING THE USE OF THE CONTROL GROUP.

HOW TO CONTROL EXTRANEOUS VARIABLES

1. HOLDING THE VARIABLE CONSTANT FOR ALL GROUPS 2. MATCHING ON SEX ETC. 3. USING SUBJECTS AS THEIR OWN CONTROL

RANDOMIZATION ASSIGNMENT

IS BY PURE CHANCE

The experimenter assigns subjects to a control or experimental group on a random basis

28

Thesis Format Guide

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS

AFTER-ONLY DESIGN OR POSTTEST ONLY DESIGN

Example:
EFFECT OF AN EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION RELATING TO URINARY INCONTINENCE ON THE SUBSEQUENT HELP-SEEKING BEHAVIOR OF OLDER ADULTS

INPUT

PROCESS

OUTPUT

OLD PEOPLE WITH URINARY INCONTINENCE

EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION

HELP SEEKING BEHAVIOR OF OLDER PEOPLE

29

Thesis Format Guide

GENTLE MASSAGE AS AN EFFECTIVE PAIN RELIEF MEASURE FOR ELDERLY NURSING HOME RESIDENTS

ELDERLY NURSING HOME RESIDENTS

WITH GENTLE MASSAGE

W/OUT GENTLE MASSAGE

PAIN RELIEF

BEFORE

& AFTER DESIGN OR PRETEST- POSTTEST DESIGN

EFFECTIVENESS OF CONVECTIVE AIR FLOW BLANKETS AND CONDUCTIVE WATER FLOW BLANKETS IN COOLING CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS WITH FEVER

BASELINE MEASURE & OUTCOME MEASURE

30

Thesis Format Guide

CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS WITH FEVER

BASELINE TEMP

BASELINE TEMP

CONVECTIVE AIR FLOW BLANKET

CONVECTIVE WATER FLOW BLANKET

OUTCOME TEMP

OUTCOME TEMP

QUASI EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN

PROPERTIES

OF A QUASI EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN 1. MANIPULATION OF THE INDEPENDENT

VARIABLE 2. NO RANDOMIZATION 3. NO CONTROL GROUP 4. LIMITED CONTROL OVER EXTRANEOUS VARIABLES

The Population and Sample of the Study

31

Thesis Format Guide

This section describes the population and sample profiles, sample size, and sampling procedure.

General Types
Probability

sampling The sample is selected from the population by means of some systematic way in which every element of the population has a chance of being included in the sample.

Simple

Random sampling The researcher establishes a sampling frame, numbering all the elements and selecting sample elements. Stratified Random Sampling The population is first divided into two or more strata to enhance representativeness. Cluster Sampling- There is a successive random sampling units. The unit is large groupings or clusters. Systematic sampling- it involves the selection of every kth case from a list or group.

32

Thesis Format Guide

Non-probability sampling
The

sample is not a proportion of the population and there is no system in selecting the sample.

Convenience

sampling / accidental sampling It is using the most conveniently available people as study participants. It is subject to bias because people select themselves or volunteer in response to notices. Quota sampling The researcher identifies population strata and determines how many participants are needed from each stratum. Purposive sampling or Judgmental sampling Based on the belief that researchers knowledge about the population can be used to hand-pick sample members.

33

Thesis Format Guide

Getting the sample size n = N 1 + Ne n = sample size N = population size e = desired margin of error

Description of the Respondents

Indicate

who will participate in the study, how many and how will they be selected. Include any details which are relevant to the study (e.g. gender, age, ethnicity, strain, weight etc.) If the subjects were human, what type of reward or motivation will be used to encourage them to participate ?

34

Thesis Format Guide

Instrumentation Research instruments are the devices used to collect data. The instrument facilitates the observation and measurement of the variables of interest. The type of instrument used in the study is determined by the data collection method selected. If physiological data are sought, some type of physiological instrument is needed. If observational data are needed to measure the variable of interest, observational schedule or checklist is called for. Other instruments include tests, questionnaires and interview guidelines. Great care should be taken to select the most appropriate instrument. A description of the data-gathering tools and their development: adoption, construction, validation and administration of instruments are included. Apparatuses, devices, and laboratory equipment used are also described. In the case of complex or custom-made equipment, a drawing or photograph is recommended.

35

Thesis Format Guide

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
Describe the research tool . When using a questionnaire , identify the content area to be measured . Indicate the following: -how it was formulated -table of specification/how many items -response mode -how it will be administered -scoring & interpretation -validation and reliability testing -pilot testing

Data Gathering Procedure The procedures followed in conducting the study should be explained in complete detail. Techniques, devices, and procedures followed are explained.

There are five important questions to answer in data collection process: What data will be collected ? How will the data be collected ? Who will collect the data ? Where will the data be collected ? When will the data be collected ? When using experiments, description should include instructions given to the participants, the formation
36

Thesis Format Guide

of groups, the experimental manipulations, and control features in the design. Coding schemes and other techniques to be utilized in organizing / classifying data are described.

Statistical Treatment The presentation of the statistical treatment to be employed should go with the specific problems stipulated in Chapter 1. Examples To describe the profile of the respondents according to gender, civil status and educational attainment, frequency and percentage will be utilized. To determine the difference between the scores obtained by urban and rural mothers on the knowledge test on wet nursing, t test for independent samples will be used. To determine whether there is a significant difference in the pre and post test scores obtained by the nursing students in the clinical area , paired t test will be computed. To determine whether there is significant difference in the performance level of the faculty when grouped according to their educational attainment, analysis of variance will be employed. To determine the relationship between college grades and performance rating among novice nurses , Pearson r will be employed.
37

Thesis Format Guide

When using softwares like Microsoft Excel or SPSS, indicate that data will be treated statistically using the softwares. Format of the Research Proposal Chapter 1 The Problem and Its Background Introduction or Background Theoretical Framework Conceptual Framework Statement of the Problem Hypotheses Scope and Delimitation of the Study Significance of the Study Definition of Terms Review of Related Literature and Studies Variable 1 Foreign and local literature Foreign and local studies Variable 2 Foreign and local literature Foreign and local studies Synthesis Research Methodology The Method of Research to be Used The Population Frame and Sample Size Description of the Respondents Instrumentation Data Gathering Procedure Statistical Treatment of the Data Books Periodicals Unpublished Thesis & Dissertations Electronic Source
38

Chapter 2

Chapter 3

Bibliography

Thesis Format Guide

Appendices Request for permission to gather data Research Tool Role of the Adviser 1. Assists the researcher in the formulation of his/her research topic. 2. Monitors his/her advisee in the conduct of the research to ensure that the procedure/method is strictly followed. 3. Suggests to the advisee available literature on the research topic. 4. Assists his/her advisee in the statistical application and analysis if he/she is capable of doing the statistical procedures. 5. Reviews the logic and coherence of the research report, the analysis and interpretation of results as well as its relevance to the conceptualization of the research problem.

39

Thesis Format Guide

PREPARING THE RESEARCH PROPOSAL Preliminary Parts The RESEARCH PROPOSAL is introduced by preliminary materials which may include the following: TITLE PAGE APPROVAL SHEET TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page 1. The title page includes the following information: The name of the school and its address; The exact title of the paper; The degree for which the paper is presented; The full name of the researcher/ s; and The month and the year the research paper is defended.

2. The name and address of the school should be typed in title case letters, centered on the page and typed on the 1st single-space line of the paper.

40

Thesis Format Guide

3. The title page of the paper should be typed in upper case letters, centered on the page and typed on the 8th single spaces line from top of the paper. The recommended length for a title is 10 to 12 words. 4. The researcher s name should be typed in uppercase and lowercase letters centered on the page. 5. The submission statement should follow the adopted form . The last line of the title page should be one inch from the bottom of the paper. 6. The title page has no page number although it is considered the first page of the preliminaries. 7. The title should be as specific and concise as possible. It should suggest clearly the purpose of the study. Such phrases as A Study of, An Investigation of, or An Analysis of are superfluous. The title should focus on the topic investigated and the main variable(s) studied. 8. The title should not be stated so broadly that it seems to provide an answer that cannot be generalized either from the data gathered of from the methodology employed. An example of a broadly stated title is Effects of Methods on Student Achievement. This is too broad A specific title suggesting what was covered in the study might be something like this: Cooperative Learning Compared to Traditional Approach: Effects on High School Mathematics Achievement Scores.
41

Thesis Format Guide

(First line from top of page)

San Juan de Dios Educational Foundation, Inc. 2772-2774 Roxas Boulevard, Pasay City
(7 single spaces from top of page)

ENGLISH LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY OF FRESHMEN AND SOPHOMORE IN THE NURSING DEPARTMENT IN SAN JUAN DE DIOS EDUCATIONAL FOUNDATION, INC. SY 2006-2007
(3 single spaces)

A Thesis Proposal Presented to the Faculty of the College of Nursing

(3 single spaces)

In Partial Fulfillment of the Course Requirement for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Nursing
(3 single spaces)

Magday, Jamssen A. Achacoso, Justin Carlo S. Cuneta, Reina A. Dela Cruz, Mary Chloe S. Detorio, Shiela Mae A. Ilano, Maria Catherine S.

42

Thesis Format Guide

(last line from bottom of page)

October 15, 2006

Approval Sheet The approval sheet immediately follows the title page. It generally contains a statement of acceptance of the research report. 1. The approval sheet should contain the signatures of the following: the research adviser and the dean of the college. 2. The phrase Approval Sheet is centered and bold in capital letters on the 8th single-space line from the top of the paper. 3. The statement of acceptance is typed in the usual indented form. 4. The page number appears at least 1 inch (2.54 cm.) from the right hand edge of the page, in the space between the top edge of the paper and what should be the first line of the text.

(For approval sheet, please see sample.)

43

Thesis Format Guide

APPROVAL SHEET
This thesis proposal entitled

ENGLISH LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY OF FRESHMEN AND SOPHOMORE IN THE NURSING DEPARTMENT IN SAN JUAN DE DIOS EDUCATIONAL FOUNDATION, INC. SY 2006-2007
(3 single spaces)

Magday, Jamssen A. Achacoso, Justin Carlo S. Cuneta, Reina A. Dela Cruz, Mary Chloe S. Detorio, Shiela Mae A. Ilano, Maria Catherine S.

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Nursing has been examined and is recommended for acceptance . RAQUEL L. PASIGPASIGAN Adviser

Accepted in partial fulfillment for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Nursing.

August 12 , 2007

MA. ELIZABETH S. GREGORI, RN,MAN Dean, College of Nursing

44

Thesis Format Guide

Table of Contents 1. The table of contents lists the preliminary parts, the chapter title along with the subdivisions of the body of the report, and the supplementary materials in the appendix. The term Table of Contents should appear in capital letters, centered and bold on the 8th singlespaced line from the top of the paper. The preliminary parts are listed first, after these, the word Chapter is typed flush on the left-hand margin; the word Page, flush with the right-hand margin. Each of these terms has only the first letter capitalized. The chapter number, in Arabic numeral, should be typed first followed by the chapter title. The first chapter should be listed in a double space below the word Chapter. The wording, capitalization and punctuation of titles and headings should be exactly the same as they are in the text. The page number should be aligned below the letter e of the word page. A chapter in the table of contents should not extend beyond the right-hand margin . If it is more than one line in length, typed single space and the carry45

2.

3.

4. 5.

6. 7.

Thesis Format Guide

over should begin immediately below the first letter of the title. 8. Heading of subdivisions within chapters should appear in the table of contents beginning one double-space below the first letter of the chapter title.

46

Thesis Format Guide

CRITERIA FOR RATING A RESEARCH PROPOSAL THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING 30pts

Introduction 1. Provides rationale & significance of the topic 2. Provides the background of the study Theoretical and Conceptual Framework 1. Appropriate 2. Problem coherently & systematically integrated Statement of the Problem 1. Researchable, clear, concise, empirical 1. Significance of the Study Clearly discussed and supported

Scope 1. Coverage clear and properly defined 1. defined 2. Clear conceptual and operational definition
47

Definition of Terms Necessary terms

Thesis Format Guide

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

25pts

Succinct overview of relevant research is provided RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 25pts

Research Design 1. Choice of design is fully described 2. Appropriate to problem 1. appropriate Population Frame & Sample Clearly described and

Research Instrument / s 1. Clearly described 2. Correctly utilized Data Gathering Procedure 1. Clearly described and correctly implemented Statistical Treatment 1. Appropriate and clearly explained 10PTS

BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDICES 10 PTS

48