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"k"B% ikB%

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laLr lkfgR; esa lwfDr;ksa dk le` Hk.Mkj gSA lwfDr dk vFkZ gS lqUnj opu] lqkk dk vFkZ
gS ve`r] lwfDrlqkk dk vFkZ gS lqUnj opu :ih ve`rA bl ikB esa if.Mrjkt txkFk]
egkdfo ek?k] Hkkjfo] izfl ukVddkj HkoHkwfr rFkk egkdfo HkrZ`gfj dh lwfDr;k ladfyr gSaA
;s lwfDr;k vkt Hkh gekjs thou osQ fy, cgqewY;] mi;ksxh ,oa iFkizn'kZd gSaA fofHkUu fo"k;ksa
ls lEc lwfDr;k fuf'pr :i ls Nk=kksa osQ fy, mi;ksxh fl gksaxhA
izLrqr ikB osQ izFke] f}rh; ,oa r`rh; 'yksd osQ jpf;rk if.Mrjkt txkFk] prqFkZ
'yksd osQ egkdfo ek?k] iape 'yksd osQ HkoHkwfr] "k"B 'yksd osQ egkdfo Hkkjfo ,oa lIre]
v"Ve] uoe] n'ke] ,dkn'k o }kn'k 'yksdksa osQ jpf;rk HkrZ`gfj gSaA

vfLr
;|fi
loZ=k
uhja
jers u
ejkyL;
ekula

uhjt&jkftre~A
ekula fouk AA1AA

uhj{khjfoososQ galkyL;a Roeso


ruq"ks
fo'ofLe/qukU;%
oqQyozra ikyf;";fr

psr~A
d% AA2AA

rkor~ dksfdy fojlku~ ;ki; fnolku~ oukUrjs fuolu~A


;kofUeynfyeky%
dksfi jlky%
leqYylfr AA3AA
ukyEcrs
'kCnkFkkSZ

nSf"Vdrka
u
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fo}kuis{krs AA4AA

u
fdfpnfi
oqQokZ.k%
lkS[;SnqZ%[kkU;iksgfrA
rkL; fdefi nzO;a ;ks fg ;L; fiz;ks tu%AA5AA

58

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lglk fon/hr u f;kefoosd% ijekinka ine~A


o`.krs fg foe`';dkfj.ka xq.kyqC/k% Lo;eso lEin%AA6AA
Lok;kesdkUrxq.ka fo/k=kk fofufeZra NknueKrk;k%A
fo'ks"kr% loZfonka lekts foHkw"k.ka ekSueif.Mrkuke~ AA7AA
foifn /S;ZeFkkH;qn;s {kek lnfl okDiVqrk ;qf/ foe%A
;'kfl pkfHk#fpO;Zlua JqrkS izoQ` frflfena fg egkReuke~AA8AA
ikikfokj;fr ;kst;rs
fgrk;]
xqa fuxwgfr xq.kku~ izdVhdjksfrA
vkin~xra p u tgkfr nnkfr dkys]
lfUe=ky{k.kfena izonfUr lUr% AA9AA
eufl opfl dk;s iq.;ih;w"kiw.kkZ&
fL=kHkqoueqidkjJsf.kfHk%
izh.k;Ur%A
ijxq.kijek.kwu~
ioZrho`QR;
fuR;a]
futfn fodlUr% lfUr lUr% fd;Ur% AA10AA
osQ;wjkf.k u Hkw"k;fUr iqjQ"ka gkjk u pUnzkTs Toyk%]
u Lukua u foysiua u oqQlqea ukyaoQ` rk ew/t
Z k%A
ok.;sdk leyj ksfr iqjQ"ka ;k laLo`Qrk /k;Zr]s
{kh;Urs [kyq Hkw"k.kkfu lrra okXHkw"k.ka Hkw"k.ke~ AA 11AA

59

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;koRLoLFkfena dysojx`ga ;koPp nwjs tjk]


;koPpsfUnz;'kfDrjizfrgrk ;koR{k;ks
uk;q"k%A
vkReJs;fl rkonso fonq"kk dk;Z% iz;Ruks egku~]
izks hIrs Hkous p owQi[kuua izR;q|e% dhn`'k% AA12AA

'kCnkFkkZ% fVIi.;'p
uhjtjkftre~
dey'kksfHkre~
ejkyL;
galL;
ekule~
eu% ekuljksoja p
ruq"ks (ru~ $ vkReusfoLrkj;fl
yV~] e;e iq#"k ,dopu)
fojlku~
jljfgrku~
;ki;
O;rhra oqQ#
fuolu~ (fu $ ol~ $ 'kr`)
okla oqQoZu~
jlky%
vkezikni%
nSf"Vdrka
HkkX;Roa
fu"khnfr
voyEcrs
oqQokZ.k% ( $ 'kkup~)
oqQoZu~
lkS[;S%
lq[kiwoZoSQ%
viksgfr
nwjhdjksfr
fon/hr
oqQohZr
(fo milxZ $ Mq/kk~ (/k) fof/fy~] izFke iq#"k ,dopu)
o`.krs
oj.ka oqQoZfUr
foe`';dkfj.ke~
fofpUR;dkfj.ke~

deyksa ls lq'kksfHkr
gal dk
eu ,oa ekuljksoj
foLr`r dj jgs gks
jljfgr ('kq"d)
O;rhr djks
fuokl djrs gq,
vke dk o`{k
HkkX;Ro dks
vkJ; ysrk gSA
djrs gq,
lq[kksa osQ }kjk
nwj djrk gS
djks
oj.k djrh gSa
fopkj dj dk;Z djus okys
dks

60

Lok;ke~
futk/hua
fo/k=kk
cz.kk
Nknue~
vkoj.ke~
loZfonke~
loZKkuke~
vH;qn;s
mUurkS
(vfHk $ mn;s] ;.k~ lfU/)
lnfl
lHkk;ke~
(lnl~ 'kCn uiqa- lIreh foHkfDr ,dopu)
okDiVqrk
okfp iVqrk
;qf/
;qs
fuxwgfr
vkPNkn;fr
tgkfr
R;tfr
opfl
okfp
(opl~ lIreh foHkfDr ,dopu)
izh.k;Ur%
izlUua oqQoZUr%
ijxq.kijek.kwu~
vU;s"kke~ vfrlw{eku~ xq.kku~
ioZrhR;
fo'kkyrka uhRok
fn (r~ 'kCn lIreh
n;s
foHkfDr ,dopu)
fodlUr%
fodkla oqQoZUr%
osQ;wjkf.k
fof'k"VkHkw"k.kkfu
ewkZtk%
osQ'kk%
{kh;Urs
fou';Urs
dysojx`ga
'kjhjL; x`ga
("k"Bh rRiq-lekl)
tjk
o`Roa
izkshIrs
izTTofyrs
m|e%
ifjJe

'kk'orh

Lo;a osQ v/hu


czk osQ }kjk
vkoj.k
loZKksa osQ
mUufr esa
lHkk esa
ok.kh esa oqQ'kyrk
;q esa
fNikrk gS
NksM+ nsrk gS
ok.kh esa
izlUu djrs gq,
nwljksa osQ vfr lw{e xq.kksa dks
c<+k p<+k dj
n; esa
f[kyrs gq,
cktwcU/] HkqtcU/
flj osQ cky
u"V gks tkrs gSa
'kjhj
cq<+kik
tyus ij
esgur

61

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vH;kl%
1-

laLrHkk"k;k iz'ukskjkf.k fy[kr&


(d) loZ=k dhn`'ka uhje~ vfLr\
([k) ejkyL; ekula oaQ fouk u jersA
(x) fo}ku~ de~ vis{krs\
(?k) lRdfo% dkS }kS vis{krs\
() ;% ;L; fiz;% l% rL; rs d Hkofr\
(p) lglk d u fon/hr\
(N) fo/k=kk d fofufeZre~\
(t) vif.Mrkuka foHkw"k.ka fde~\
(>) egkReuka izfrfla d Hkofr\
(k) ikikr~ d% fuokj;fr\
(V) lUr% dku~ ioZrhoqQoZfUr\
(B) dhn`'ka Hkw"k.ka u {kh;rs\
(M) owQi[kuua dnk u mfpre~\

2-

vkksfyf[kri|ka'kkuka lizla fgUnhHkk"k;k O;k[;k fo/s;k&


(d) o`.krs fg foe`';dkfj.ka xq.kyqCkk% Lo;eso lEin%A
([k) {kh;Urs [kyq Hkw"k.kkfu lrra okXHkw"k.ka Hkw"k.ke~A
(x) izkshIrs Hkous p owQi[kuua izR;q|e% dhn`'k%A

3-

fjDrLFkkuiwfrZ% dj.kh;k&
(d) lRdfofjo fo}ku~ 'kCnkFkkSZ --------------- vis{krsA
([k) lUr% --------------- izonfUrA

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'kk'orh

4-

fuEufyf[kr'yksd;ks% vUo;a fy[kr&


;Fkk& ;|fi uhjt&jkftra uhja loZ=k vfLrA (ija) ejkyL; ekula ekula fouk u jersA
(d) uhj{khjfoososQ --------------- A
([k) foifn kS;ZeFkkH;qn;s --------------- A

5-

fuEufyf[kr'kCnkuke~ vFk fyf[kRok okD;iz;ksxa oqQ#r&


uhjte~] jlky%] ikS#"k%] foe`';dkfj.k%] tjkA

6-

fuEufyf[kr'kCnkuka lkFkZoaQ esyua f;rke~&


(d) ejkyL;
(i) vkJ;rs
([k) voyEcrs
(ii) cz.kk
(x) v/quk
(iii) fo'knhR;
(?k) fo/k=kk
(iv) galL;
() ioZrhR;
(v) lkEizre~
(p) uhjta
(vi) vkez%
(N) jlky%
(vii) foHkwr;%
(t) lEin%
(viii) deye~
(>) ;'kfl
(ix) dhkkSZ

7-

vkksfyf[kr'kCnkuka ikBkr~ foykseina fpRok fy[kr&


--------------(d) ew[kZ%
--------------([k) vfiz;%
--------------(x) iq.;kr~
--------------(?k) ;kSoue~
--------------() mis{krs

8-

lfU/foPNsn% f;rke~&
(d) ukyEcrs & u $ --------------([k) fo'ofLeUukqukU;% & fo'ofLeu~ $ --------------- $ vU;%

lwfkQlqkk

(x) dksfi & d% $ --------------(?k) pkfHk#fpO;Zlua & p $ --------------- $ O;lue~


() pUnzksTToyk% & --------------- $ --------------9-

(v) vkksfyf[kr'kCnkuka leklfoxzg% dk;Z%&


;Fkk&uhjt&jkftre~ & uhjtS% jkftre~A
(d) vfyeky%
([k) okDiVqrk
(x) pUnzksTToyk%
(?k) vizfrgrk
() okXHkw"k.ke~
(vk) vkksfyf[kr&foxzginkuka leLrinkfu jp;r&
;Fkk&oqQyL; ozra --------------- oqQyozre~
(d) ouL; vUrjs --------------([k) xq.kkuka yqC/k% --------------(x) izR;k fle~ --------------(?k) midkjL; Jsf.kfHk% --------------() vkReu% Js;fl ---------------

10- vkksfyf[kr'kCns"kq izfrizR;;kuka foHkkx% dj.kh;e~&


;Fkk&jkftre~
& jkt~
$ Dr
(d) nSf"Vdrka & --------------- $ ry~
([k) oqQokZ.k%
& --------------- $ 'kkup~
(x) iVqrk
& iVq
$ --------------(?k) fle~
& --------------- $ Dr
() foe`';
& fo
$ e`'k~
$ ---------------

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11- vkksfyf[kr'yksosQ"kq NUnks fufnZ';rke~&


;Fkk&vfLr ;|fi --------------- AAvuq"Vqi~ NUn%A
(d) rkor~ dksfdy --------------- leqYylfrAA
([k) Lok;kesdkUr --------------- ekSueif.Mrkuke~AA
(x) foifn /S;ZeFkk --------------- egkReuke~AA
(?k) ikikfUUkokj;fr --------------- izonfUr lUr%AA
() osQ;wjkf.k u --------------- Hkw"k.ke~AA
12- vkksfyf[kriafDr"kq dksykj%\ fy[;rke~&
(d) 'kCnkFkkSZ lRdfofjo };a fo}kuis{krsA
([k) okXHkw"k.ka Hkw"k.ke~A
(x) futfn fodlUr% lfUr lUr% fd;Ur%A
(?k) jers u ejkyL; ekula ekula foukA
() ;kofUeynfyeky% dksfi jlky% leqYylfrA

;ksX;rkfoLrkj%
(v) lekukFkZd'yksdk%
1- gal% 'osrks cd% 'osr% dks Hksnks cdgal;ks%A
uhj{khjfoososQ rq galks galks cdks cd%AA
2- egktuL; lalxZ% dL; uksUufrdkjd%A
ii=kfLFkra okfj /ks eqDrkiQyfJ;e~AA
3- vkRekFksZ thoyksosQfLeu~ dks u thofr ekuo%A
ija ijksidkjkFk ;ks thofr l thofrAA
4- vK% lq[kekjk;% lq[krjekjk;rs fo'ks"kK%A
KkuyonqfoZnX/a czkfi ra uja u jt;frAA
5- ;koRLoLFkks ;a nsgks ;koUe`R;q'p nwjr%A
rkonkRefgra oqQ;kZr~ izk.kkUrs d dfj";frAA

65

lwfkQlqkk

(c) NUnlka y{k.kksnkgj.kkfu&


1- 'kknZwyfohfMre~&
y{k.ke~&^^lw;kZ'oSeZltkLrrk% lxqjo% 'kknwZyfohfMre~**A
mnkgj.ke~
(i) osQ;wjkf.k u Hkw"k;fUr-----A (ii) ;koRLoLFkfena dysojx`ge~-----A
2-

vuq"Vqi~ NUn% &


y{k.ke~&^^'yksosQ "k"Ba xq#Ks;a loZ=k y?kq ipee~A
f}%prq"ikn;ksZLoa lIrea nh?kZeU;;ks%AA**
mnkgj.ke~
vfLr ;|fi loZ=k uhja uhjtef.Mre~-----A

3-

olUrfrydk&
y{k.ke~&^^mDrk olUrfrydk rHktk txkS x%A**
mnkgj.ke~
ikikfUuokj;fr ;kst;rs fgrk;A
mitkfr%&bUnzotzk misUnzotzk bfr o`k;ks% la;ksxsu mitkfr% o`ka HkofrA
y{k.ke~&^^L;kfnUnzotzk ;fn rkS txkS x%A
misUnzotzk trtkLrrks xkSAA**
mnkgj.ke~
Lok;kesdkUrxq.ka
ekfyuh&
y{k.ke~&^^uue;;;qrs;a ekfyuh HkksfxyksoSQ%A**
mnkgj.ke~
eufl opfl dk;s iq.;ih;w"kiw.kkZ---A
vk;kZ
y{k.ke~&^^;L;k% izFkes ikns }kn'kek=kkLrFkk r`rh;sfiA
v"Vkn'k f}rh;s prqFkZosQ ipn'k lk;kZAA**

4-

5-

6-

66

'kk'orh

mnkgj.ke~
(i) uhj{khj foososQ ----A
(ii) rkor~ dksfdy ----A
vk;kZPNUnfl fof'k"V% y;% xs;rk p HkofrA
rnuqlkjs.k vk;kZ;k% xkuL; vH;kl% dk;Z%A
(l) vkksfyf[krkuke~ fgUnhHkk"kk;k% vkHkk.kdkuka lekukFkZdk% laLr iaDr;% vUos"VO;k%&
1- vkx yxus ij oqQvk [kksnuk
2- lcls Hkyh pqi
3- nw/ dk nw/ ikuh dk ikuh

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