Apatit mt vt liu x l mi trng

Vit ngy 28/02/2011 bi Ng Xun Qunh

My nh Canon Ixus Khuyn mi: Th nh 4G +Bao da+ My tnh b ti

Thi Trang Gim Gi Sc 70% o chong n cht d , trang trng v qu phi Gim gi 70%

Cng vi s pht trin ca kinh t, vn nhim mi trng do cht thi ca cc ngnh cng nghip cng nh th ang tr nn nghim trng, nh hng xu n sc khe cng ng. Trc thc trng trn , cng vi cc bin php qun l, chng ta cn c nhng gii php k thut kp thi nhm ci thin mi trng, phc v cuc sng. Hai vn ln ca nhim mi trng l nc thi v cht thi rn. Trn thc t c nhiu vt liu nh than hot tnh, silicagel, zeolit, c p dng x l cc cht thi trn nhng chi ph x l cn cao do gi vt liu cn t. Chnh bi vy, mt trong nhng hng nghin cu ca cng ngh mi trng l tm ra cc loi vt liu x l c ngun gc t nhin vi tr lng ln, gi thnh h, m li c kh nng x l tt. Mt trong nhng vt liu c kh nng x l nhim c pht hin trong nhng nm gn y trn th gii l apatit. y l loi khong vt t nhin sn c ti Vit Nam: m Apatit Lo Cai c tr lng qung khong 811 triu tn v khong trn 50 triu tn qung apatit ti cc khu vc khc nh sng Pht (min Bc), sng Bo (min Nam). Apatit c cng thc ha hc l: Ca5(PO4)3X (X: Cl, F, OH), thng c mu xanh nc bin, hay vng nht, t trng 3,17, thuc nhm tinh th c 6 cnh hnh tr. Trong thnh phn ca apatit c nhiu nguyn t vi lng nh: Sr, Ba, Mg, Mn, Fe, Al Qung t nhin ca apatit dng kt tinh, kh phn hy, khng tan trong nc v c tnh kim yu. Do c cu trc ha hc c bit nn apatit c kh nng c nh cc kim loi nng, ng thi cng c tc dng x l mt phn cht hu c, vi khun coliform, cht rn l lng trong nc thi. Mt s ti liu cn -3 cho rng, apatit c kh nng x l nhng kim loi nng no m tch s tan ca kim loi vi PO 4 nh hn tch s tan ca Ca3(PO4)2.

Trong qu trnh x l nc thi, ng thi vi qu trnh x l kim loi nng v cc thnh phn khc mt lng nh cc hp cht ca photpho cng c ha tan vo trong nc, cung cp thm dinh dng cho thc vt thy sinh v vi sinh vt, to iu kin.thun li cho qu trnh x l sinh hc sau ny. Do , trong nhiu cng ngh x l nc thi (nh nc thi ch bin g), apatit c s dng nh l mt ngun dinh dng thay th cho axit photphoric to t l thch hp vi cacbon v ni t. Ngi ta c th s dng apatit trong cng ngh x l nc thi cha kim loi nng trong cc ngnh m in, c kh, luyn kim v ch bin g. Dng apatit x l kim loi nng trong t l phng php mi c ng dng nhiu nc trn th gii vi cc tn gi khc nhau nh in-situ remediation technicques (Canaa), phot-pht induce metal stabilization (M).

HN - Khai ging lp C nhn i hc Kinh t quc dn cp bng. Khng thi tuyn u vo. i tng THPT.

Nm vn phng 172x53x2cm Cho gic ng tra thoi mi ti vn phng

Mc in Thoi Pha L Xinh Mc eo in thoi pha l Swarovski Gi th trng: 169k Gim cn 118k

Nh chng ta bit, kim loi nng trong t c kh nng gy nhim c cho thc vt, ng vt v cho con ngi cng nh h sinh thi ni chung. Tuy nhin, chng ta khng th nh gi mc nguy hi ca kim loi nng i vi h sinh thi t mt cch n gin thng qua vic xc nh tng lng kim loi nng trong t v mc nguy hi ph thuc vo trng thi tn ti ca kim loi nng. Chng c th tn ti trng thi phn ng (linh ng), hay khng phn ng (c nh). Chnh bi vy, c s ca vic x l

kim loi nng trong t l vic c nh cc kim loi nng, ngn chn chng chuyn sang trng thi linh ng. Apatit c kh nng x l hu ht cc kim loi nng v cht phng x nh: ng, asen, km, thori, actini, urani, plutoni v nht l ch. Apatit c kh nng c nh mt lng kim loi nng bng 20% khi lng ca n. Tc dng c lp ny t c trong thi gian rt ngn (10 20 pht) k t khi trn apatit -3 vi t b nhim kim loi nng. Apatit c c kh nng trn l do n cung cp PO 4 to phn ng kt ta vi kim loi nng. Khi trn ln apatit vi t s to h m mi trong dung dch t. Apatit cng to iu kin cho kim loi nng kt ta cc dng khc nh cacbonat, oxit, hyroxit. Cc kim loi nng c th thay th v tr canh (Ca) trong cu trc ca apatit. Do yu cu ca vt liu x l kim loi nng l t flo, t hoc khng c kim loi nng i km, nhiu thnh phn cacbonat, c xp thch hp, nn khng phi loi apatit no cng c kh nng x l kim loi nng. Trong hu ht cc nghin cu v ng dng ngi ta ch s dng apatit loi IV (5%) l thch hp. Nh trnh by trn, cha c cng ngh no c th tch c hon ton kim loi nng ra khi t m ch c th v hiu ha tc ng gy c ca chng i vi sinh vt, cng nh ngn chn kh nng lan truyn ca chng. Bi vy gii php ra y l trn bt apatit loi 5% vi t b nhim kim loi nng. Rc thi cha kim loi nng c coi l cht thi nguy hi v c x l bng bin php chn lp theo quy trnh k thut ring . Nu nn y bi thi c lt bng vt liu l bt apatit th cc kim loi nng s khng thm c xung cc tng nc ngm. Apatit cng c th c s dng kt hp vi vt liu st truyn thng lm lp lt bi thi. Ngoi ra, apatit bt cn c s dng kt hp vi va xi mng xy dng bn, b cha cht thi c cha cc kim loi nng c bit nguy hi. Nc ta c m apatit vi tr lng ln trong loi qung apatit c hm lng P2O5 thp khng s dng cho sn xut phn bn nhng li c nhiu trin vng c s dng lm vt liu x l mi trng. NGUYN THNH NG Trung tm Phn tch v Mi trng Vin Ha hc Cng nghip Vit Nam BBT rt mong cc bn v cc em hc sinh c s "nh gi, bnh chn bi vit v gi kin" v cho chng ti. Chng ti rt mong nhn c s ng gp chn thnh t qu bn c tp ch ngy cng c nhiu bi vit hay hn. Mi ng gp xin gi v hm th: admin@hoahoc.org hoc hoahoc.org@gmail.com