Chng 10 - Lp rp my tnh

Chn thit b Chn thit b l vic lm cn thit khi lp mt b my vi tnh, nu thit b chn khng ng cch c th lm cho my chy khng n inh, khng ti u v tc hoc khng p ng c cng vic . Chn tc cn da trn cc yu t
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Mc ch s dng my tnh Tnh tng thch ca thit b

1. Chn thit b theo mc ch s dng

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My tnh s dng cho cc cng vic ho nh + V thit k + X l nh + Chi Game 3D + To phim hot hnh. Cn thit phi s dng cu hnh + Chp Pentium tc t 1,8 GHz tr ln . + B nh RAM t 512MB tr ln + Mainboard c Card video ri + Card video 8x vi b nh 32MB tr ln. + cng t 40GB tr ln . Nu cu hnh thp hn th my s chm v khng m bo cho cng vic, nu cu hnh cao hn th cng tt .

My tnh s dng cho cc cng vic vn phng nh + Son tho vn bn + Hc tp + Truy cp Internet + Nghe nhc, xem phim . + Cc cng vic khc C th s dng cu hnh + Chp Celeron + B nh RAM t 512MB tr xung + Mainboard c Card video Onboard + cng t 40G tr xung . Vi cu hnh nh vy th bn c th tit kim c khong 40% chi ph so vi b my cu hnh cao m vn m bo cho cng vic .

Nu cu hnh cao hn th cng tt nhng s khng cn thit nu bn mun tit kim kinh ph . 2. Tnh tng thch khi chn thit b
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Trong my tnh c 3 thit b c tnh tng thch , bn phi chn ng b nu khng c th chng s khng hot ng hoc khng pht huy ht tc dng, ba thit b l + Mainboard + CPU + B nh RAM Ba thit b ny rng buc tc Bus, bn hy chn theo nguyn tc sau : => Chn Mainboard trc, Mainboard phi p ng c cc yu cu ca cng vic s dng . => Chn CPU c tc Bus ( FSB ) nm trong phm vi Mainboard h tr . => Chn RAM c tc Bus > = 50% tc Bus ca CPU Theo bng di dy l tc tng thch tt nht

Tc FSB ca CPU 400 MHz 533 MHz 667 MHz 800 MHz

Tc Bus ca RAM DDR 266 MHz DDR 333 MHz DDR 400 MHz DDR 400 MHz

Loi Mainboard C h tr hai tc trn -

3. Kho st bo gi t cc cng ty Cc thng s CPU Intel Celeron 2.53 GHz (SK 478/ 256KB/ Bus 533) - Tray Intel Pentium 4 2.4E GHz (SK 478 / 1.0MB/ FSB 533) Tray Intel Pentium 4 - 2.66E GHz (SK 775/ 1.0MB/ FSB 533/ Box Gii thch Chip Intel Celeron / Tc 2,53GHz / Socket 478 / B nh Cache 256KB / Tc Bus 533 hng tray ( l hng khng i theo qut ) Chip Intel Pentium4 / Tc 2,4GHz / Socket 478 / B nh Cache 1MB / Tc Bus 533 - hng Tray ( l hng khng i theo qut ) Chip Intel Pentium4 / Tc 2,66GHz / Socket 775 / B nh Cache 1MB / Tc Bus 533 - hng Hp( l hng ng hp c km theo qut )

Gii thch Main ASUS P4RD1 -MX Socket 478 / Card mn hnh, Card sound, Card mng tch hp trn Main / H tr Bus CPU 800MHz Main ASUS P5P800-MX ASUS P5P800-MX Chipset Intel 865GV / Socket 775 / (Intel 865GV/SK 775/VGA & Card Video, Card sound, Card net Sound & NIC/ 800 FSB) tch hp trn Main / H tr Bus CPU 800MHz

Cc thng s Mainboard ASUS P4RD1-MX (ATIS200/SK 478/VGA & Sound & NIC onboard/800 FSB)

Cc thng s RAM DDR 512MB bus 400 Kingston DDR II 256MB bus 533 SamSung, KingMax

Gii thch Thanh DDRam dung lng 512MB / tc Bus 400MHz / hng Kingston DDRII 256MB / tc Bus 533MHz / hng Samsung DDRII c tc t 533 MHz tr ln v chng khng thay th cho DDR c v c in p khc nhau

4. Chun b thit b cho mt b my tnh Mt b my tnh ti thiu cn nhng thit b sau 1. Case ( Hp my ) Case l v my, hy chn case sao cho m bo c thong mt cho my, b ngun thng i theo case hoc bn ri, hin nay ta nn dng ngun c cng sut > = 350W

2. Mainboard Mainboard l thit b quan trng nht m bn cn quan tm, Mainboard n quyt nh trc tip n tc v bn ca my, nn chn mainboard ca cc hng uy tn nh Intel, Gigaby, Asus, v mt s hng khc v c s dng chipset ca Intel Khi chn Mainboard cn quan tm n Socket v FSB ca CPU v Bus ca RAM

3. CPU Phi chn CPU thch hp vi Mainboard m bn chn v CPU phi c tc m bo vi yu cu cng vic ca khch hng .

4. RAM Bn phi ch RAM c dung lng m bo cho yu cu cng vic ca khch hng, cn tc Bus th ph thuc vo Bus ca CPU

5. Card Video ( Nu Mainboard cha c ) Nu nh Mainboard cha c Card Video on board th bn cn phi lp thm Card Video ri, dung lng RAM trn Card video cng ln th cho php bn x l c cc bc nh p hn v khi chi Game nh khng b git , cn tc bao nhiu "x" ca Card phi ph thuc vo Mainboard

6. cng HDD Bn c th mua cng t 10GB tr ln l my c th chy bnh thng vi Win XP, tuy nhin bn nn chn dung lng gp 2 ln dung lng bn s s dng l tt nht, khng nn dng qu ln trong khi dung lng s dng qu t .

7. Keyboard Bn c th ch mt bn phm bt k theo s thch

8. Mouse Bn c th ch mt con chut bt k theo s thch

----------------------------------------------------------V b my tnh y cn b xung cc thit b sau : 9. a CD Rom Bn c th lp hay khng lp CD Rom u c, nhng khi mun ci t phn mm ta phi cn n n, bn c th dng CD Rom c hay mi u c m khng nh hng n tng thch ca my .

10. Card Sound ( Nu Mainboard cha c ) Nu Mainboard bn chn m khng c Card sound on board th bn s khng nghe c nhc, c th nghe nhc bn cn lp thm Card sound ri .

11. Speaker Bn c th mua mt b loa bt k ty theo s thch min l loa c b khuch i cng sut m tn trong .

12. FDD Bn c th lp hay khng lp mm u c, xu hng ngy nay t s dng mm m thay vo l cc di ng USB c bn cao hn v dung lng ln hn.

13. Card Net ( Nu Mainboard cha c ) Khi bn c nhu cu ni mng LAN hay mng Internet th cn phi lp Card net nu nh Mainboard cha c Card on board .

=> Nh vy b my tnh ti thiu c th hot ng c cn c 8 thit b v b my tnh tng i y c ti 13 thit b .

5. Cc bc tin hnh lp rp
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Lp CPU, qut CPU v thanh RAM vo Mainboard

Lp CPU v RAM vo Mainboard t bn ngoi

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Lp Mainboard ( c CPU v RAM ) vo hp my, cn ch cc chn c nu bt sai cc chn c c th lm chp in hng Mainboard hoc t mch in trn Mainboard .

Khi lp vo Case cn lu cc chn c bt Mainboard

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u dy cp ngun cho Mainboard, u cc dy cng tc ngun, cng tc Reset, n bo ngun, bo cng v loa vo Mainboard theo hng dn trn Mainboard hoc trn quyn hng dn i theo Mainboard . Gn Card Video vo ( nu Mainboard cha c Card onboard ) Cm dy tn hiu mn hnh, bn phm, chut vo my , cp in ngun v bt cng tc => Nu sau vi giy bt cng tc c mt ting bp v mn hnh xut hin cc dng ch ( phin bn BIOS - nh hnh di ) l qu trnh lp t trn ng v my chy .

Sau khi lp xong Mainboard, CPU, RAM vo Case ta cp in v bt ngun th , nu c mn hnh nh trn l qu trnh lp trn OK => Nu m hnh khng ln, c cc ting bp di loa th bn cn cm li RAM v Card Video .
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Sau khi bo ln phin bn BIOS bn tt in v lp tip cng v CD ROM vo my, khi lp cng v CD Rom bn lu : + Nn lp mi trn mt si cp ring => my cho tc tt hn, khi lp nh vy ta khng cn thit lp Jumper + Trng hp bt buc phi lp 2 trn mt cp th bn cn thit lp Jumper cho mt l Master kia l Slave, bn c th lp mt cng v mt CD Rom trn cng mt cp hoc 2 cng trn cng mt cp . + Cp tn hiu chia lm 2 on th lp on di hn v pha Mainboard

Nu cc lp chung cp th thit lp mt l Master v mt l Slave, nu bn khng thit lp nh vy c th my s khng nhn a 6. Thit lp cu hnh cho my . ( CMOS SETUP )

y l vic lm bt buc sau khi lp rp v trc khi ci t h iu hnh, qu trnh ny cho php ta thit lp cu hnh ca my , trong c mt s thit lp cn thit ta phi thc hin trc khi ci t l :
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Thit lp CMOS v ch mc nh (Default ) Kim tra xem my nhn cng cha ? Khai bo a mm . Thit lp CD-ROM khi ng trc .

Cc bc thit lp CMOS c cp bi sau : 7. V sao phi thit lp cu hnh cho my ?

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Khi ta bt my tnh, u tin BIOS s cung cp chng trnh khi ng my, tip sau l qu trnh kim tra thit b cn gi l POST ( Power On Seft Test - Bt ngun v kim tra ), qu trnh POST c thc thi theo ni dung np trong RAM CMOS. Cu hnh mc nh (Default) ca my c nh sn xut np trong BIOS, khi ta kch hot chng trnh CMOS SETUP th phin bn mc nh c np ln b nh v hin th ln mn hnh cho php ta c th thay i cc la chn . Sau khi thay i xong, nu ta bm SAVE th bn CMOS ta va thay i c nh vo b nh RAM CMOS, nu RAM CMOS c ni dung th mi ln khi ng CMOS SETUP n s ly ni dung t y. RAM CMOS l mt loi b nh tiu th rt t in nng, RAM CMOS hin nay c tch hp trong Chipset Sourth Bridge v c nui bng Pin 3V trn Mainboard, mt qu Pin c th s dng c khong 5 nm. Trong qu trnh POST my th CPU s ly thng tin trong RAM CMOS thc thi, trng hp d liu trong RAM CMOS b xo hoc ht Pin th my s chy tm bng chng trnh mc nh c trong ROM, nu chng trnh mc nh m khng ph hp vi cu hnh ca my hin ti th my s b bo li trong khi khi ng .

Bc 1 : Vo mn hnh CMOS Khi ng li my, trong lc my khi ng => bm lin tip vo phm Delete i vo mn hnh CMOS ( Ch nu bm Delete khng c th bm F2 hoc F10 ) => Mn hnh CMOS s c hin th nh sau : Bn a tr chut vo xem chi tit

Mn hnh thit lp CMOS SETUP * m mt mc, bn di vt sng vo mc v Enter di chuyn vt sng ta dng cc phm mi tn

Di chuyn vt sng bng cc phm mi tn * thay i la chn ta s dng phm PageUp hoc PageDow * Cc la chn Enabled : l cho php Disabled : l khng cho php
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Bc 2 . Thit lp CMOS v ch mc nh Thit lp CMOS v ch mc nh l tr v trng thi ban u ca my, thng thng trng thi ban u l trng thi chun . Di vt sng xung dng LOAD BIOS DEFAULTS Hp thoi sau xut hin Load Option Settings (Y/N)? N Bn chn phm Y v ( Enter ) ( Enter )

Di tip vt sng xung dng LOAD SETUP DEFAULTS V cng lm tng t nh trn

Bc 3 : Kim tra xem my nhn cng cha ? Vo mc STANDARD CMOS SETUP cc dng Primary Master Primary Slave Secondary Master Seconmary Slave Nu nh cc dng trn c hin th cc thng s ca a nh SIZE, CYLS, HEAD v v.. th a my nhn . Ngc li nu cc thng s bng 0 th a cha c nhn

Nh hnh trn ta thy dng Primary Master v dng Secondary Master ta thy xut hin cc thng s ca a => Nh vy l my nhn cc a trn . Nu nh thng s ca c 4 dng trn u l s 0 th ngha l my cha nhn cc a . => Trng hp my cha nhn a, bn cn kim tra li cp tn hiu, dy cp ngun v c bit l cc Jumper nu nh bn u 2 a chung 1 cp tn hiu th phi thit lp mt l Master kia l Slave .

Jumper thit lp cho a Bc 4 : Thit lp a mm FDD

Vn trong mc STANDARD CMOS SETUP Trong phn thit lp a mm

Trng hp c lp mm th ta khai bo nh trn my mi s dng c mm . Trng hp my khng lp mm th ta phi khai bo nh sau : Drive A : None Drive B : None Ch : Nu khng c mm trong my m ta thit lp l c mm th my s bo li v dng li trong qu trnh khi ng .

Bc 5 : Thit lp cho CD ROM khi ng trc Vo mc BIOS FEATURES SETUP

Di vt sng xung mc Boot Sequence : CDROM, C, A Thit lp cho CDROM ng trc .

Hoc mt s my c cc tu chn khc : CDROM First Boot : HDD1 Second Boot : FDD Third Boot

Th bn chn mc First Boot l CDROM Bc 6 : Lu li v thot Bm phm F10 sau chn Y ( Enter ) Hoc di vt sng xung dng ( Enter ) => Ra bng la chn SAVE & EXIT SETUP SAVE TO CMOS and EXIT (Y/N)?N Chn Y v (Enter)

lp

Lu : trn l cc thay i cn thit chun b cho qu trnh ci t tip theo, cc la chn khc khi ta a v ch mc nh l my thit lp v ch ti u, v vy ta khng cn phi thit trn cc mc khc . Sau khi thit lp CMOS xong, lc ny bn bt tay vo ci t H iu hnh cho my ( Xem trong phn ci t )