7th Grade Science

(pages 626-632 have extra information)

Solubility Theory
Name ______________ Salt Dissolving In Water When salt (sodium chloride) dissolves in water, the water molecules surround the salt crystals. Each water molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom. The hydrogen atoms in the water molecules have a partial positive charge and the oxygen atom a partial negative charge. Because of the partial charge separation, water is described as a polar solvent. Sodium chloride is an ionic compound. Each crystal is a symmetrical arrangement of millions and millions of positive sodium ions and negative chloride ions. When sodium chloride dissolves, the crystals are broken up as water molecules surround the ions. The water molecules surround the sodium ions with the oxygen pointing inwards and they surround the chloride with the hydrogen atoms pointing in. This is because opposite charges attract. Understanding The Theory Part 1: Diagrams Draw diagrams to show what happens when sodium chloride dissolves.

Part 2: Definitions 1. Underline all the difficult words in the passage above and copy them into the table below. 2. Find a definition for each word, pages 626-629 are a good resource. 3. Re-read the passage. Word Definition

JS2010 Solubility theory

Word

Definition

Sugar Dissolving In Water Each sugar crystal is made up of many millions of molecules of sugar. When sugar dissolves in water, the water molecules move between the water molecules. Diagrams Draw diagrams to show what happens when sugar dissolves.

Applying Solubility Theory Explain what happens to how quickly the solute dissolves in the following two situations, use either sugar or salt dissolving in water in each case (think about particles): 1. If the size of the sugar/ salt crystals is decreased, then the solute will dissolve faster/ slower because: ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 2. If the temperature of the water is increased, then the solute will dissolve faster/ slower because: ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________
JS2010 Solubility theory