Anten-Truyn sng

Cc thng s c bn ca anten (phn 2)

Ni dung
th bc x. Mt cng sut bc x. Cng bc x. H s nh hng. li. Hiu sut anten.

Mt cng sut bc x (Radiation Power Density)

Vec-t Poynting tc thi c xc nh nh sau: Th nguyn l mt cng sut

Cng sut i qua ton b mt b mt kn S:

Tng cng sut tc thi Vec-t n v trn b mt S Din tch vi phn

Mt cng sut bc x (2)

Biu din trong min thi gian:

Mt cong sut trung bnh:

Cng sut bc x ca anten c th c tnh nh sau:

Wrad Wav vng xa v c gi l mt bc x (radiation density)

Nhn xt: Cng sut bc x ca anten c th c tnh t mt bc x (ngha l t E v H).

Ni dung
th bc x. Mt cng sut bc x. Cng bc x. H s nh hng. Cc k thut s hc. li. Hiu sut anten.

Cng bc x (radiation intensity)

nh ngha: cng bc x mt hng cho trc c xc nh l cng sut c bc x t anten trn mt n v gc khi

vng xa:

Cng bc x (2)
Cng sut bc x ca anten c th c tnh nh sau:

Nhn xt: - Cng sut bc x ca anten c th c tnh t cng bc x (ngha l t E v H). - Cng bc x ph thuc hng kho st (,). - Cng bc x ko ph thuc c ly r t im kho st ti anten.

Ni dung
th bc x. Mt cng sut bc x. Cng bc x. H s nh hng. li. Hiu sut anten.

H s nh hng (Directivity): nh ngha

nh ngha: H s nh hng ca anten c nh ngha nh l t s ca ca cng bc x mt hng cho trc trn cng bc x trung bnh mi hng. Cng bc x mt hng cho trc

Cng bc x trung bnh mi hng

Cng bc ca anten v hng cng cong sut

H s nh hng (2): h s nh hng cc i

Nu hng ko c xc nh, h s nh hng m ch hng cc i:

Dimensionless = khng th nguyn

H s nh hng (3): h s nh hng tng phn

Vi anten c cc thnh phn phn cc trc giao, h s nh hng tng phn (partial directivity) ca anten c xc nh nh sau:

H s nh hng (4): H s nh hng ca anten dipole /2 v anten v hng

th 2 chiu

th 3 chiu

H s nh hng (5): th nh hng (Directional patterns), gc khi bc x (1)

nh ngha:

Xp x Kraus:

Gc khi bc x vi th ko i xng

Gc khi bc x vi th i xng

Hoc xp x Tai & Pereira:

Gi s cc bp ph rt b so vi bp chnh. Gc khi bc x (beam solid angle), k hiu: A

H s nh hng (5): th nh hng (Directional patterns), gc khi bc x (2)

H s nh hng (6): th ng hng (1)

th c xp x theo biu thc

Tnh theo McDonald: th ng hng c bp ph Tnh theo Pozar:

th ng hng khng c bp ph

H s nh hng (6): th ng hng (2)

H s nh hng (7): Tnh bng phng php s

Dng cho nhng anten c th bc x phc tp Bi tp ln, lp trnh trn my tnh!!!

Ni dung
th bc x. Mt cng sut bc x. Cng bc x. H s nh hng. li. Hiu sut anten.

 li (Gain) (1): nh ngha

li tuyt i ca anten ( mt hng cho trc) c nh ngha nh l t s ca ca cng bc x trn cng bc x o c nu cng sut nhn bi anten c bc x v hng.

li tng i ca anten ( mt hng cho trc) c nh ngha l t s li cng sut ca hng cho trc trn li cng sut ca anten tham kho hng . Trong hu ht trng hp anten tham kho l anten v hng ko tn hao:

 li (2): li vs. h s nh hng

Hiu sut bc x ca anten

 li (3): li tng phn

Tng t h s nh hng tng phn cho cc thnh phn trc giao, li tng phn:

Tnh theo dB:

Ni dung
th bc x. Mt cng sut bc x. Cng bc x. H s nh hng. li. Hiu sut anten.

Hiu sut anten (antenna efficiency)

Hiu sut tng th: