Dng 1: ng phn v danh php Cu 1: Vit cc ng phn ca C4H8.

V gi tn Ch : C4H8 va l ng phn anken va l ng phn ca xicloankan Cu 2: Vit cc ng phn ca ng phn ca C4H6. V gi tn Ch : C4H6 va l ng phn ca ankin va l ng phn ca ankadien Cu 3: Vit cc ng phn cha vng benzen ca C7H8 v C8H10. Gi tn Cu 4: vit cc ng phn ancol ca C4H10O, gi tn Cu 5: Vit cc ng phn ca andehit v xeton c CTPT l C4H8O. Gi tn Cu 6: Vit cc ng phn ca axit cacboxilic c CTPT l :C4H8O2, gi tn Cu 7: Vit CTCT ca nhng cht c tn gi sau: 2,3 imetyl butan 2,2 dimetylbut 1 en 2,2,5 trimetylhex 3 in neobutan Isobutan 1 etyl 2 metylbenzen isopropylbenzen 2 propyltoluen 2- etyl 4-metyltoluen Cis pent 2 en trans 4 metylpent 2 en 3,5- ietyltoluen 1,3,5 trimetylbenzen Etylxiclohexan 1,4 dimetylxiclohexan 2- brompropan 1,2 icloetan butantetraol 2,3 imetylbutan -1-ol 2 metylpropan -2 ol 2,2,3 trimetylbutanal Dng 2: Bi tp v phng trnh phn ng Hon thnh cc phn ng sau(ghi cc sn phm nu c v xc nh sn phm chnh): 2 metylbutan + Cl2(as) 2,2,3 trimetylbutan + Br2(t0)cracking C5H12 xiclopropan + Cl2/Br2 Xiclopropan + HCl xiclohexan + Br2(t0) pent 1 en + Br2 etilen + H2 Propilen( propen) + KMnO4 + H2O But 1 en + H2O/HBr but 2 en + HCl/H2O Axetilen + Br2/Cl2 d propin + HBr d( spc) but 1- in + AgNO3/NH3 etin + AgNO3/NH3 Axetilen + H2O ivinyl + H2 d butadien + HBr (1:1) spc buta 1,3 dien + Br2d ivinyl + Br2(1:1)spc Benzen + Br2(as/Fe, 1:1)/HNO3(1:1)/H2 toluen + Br2(as/Fe,1:1)/(HNO3,1:1)/H2 Etylbenzen + Br2(as/Fe,1:1)/HNO3,1:1)/H2 metylbenzen + KMnO4 Vinylbenzen + Br2(1:1)/HBr/H2d/H2O naphtalen + Br2/H2d brometan + NaOH 2-brombutan(kim/ru) 3 brompentan(kim/ru) etanol + NaOH propan -1 ol(H2SO4,1700C) butan 1 ol + HBr 0 metanol(H2SO4,140 C) butan 2 ol +CuO butan 1 ol + CuO Dng 3: hon thnh chui phn ng CH4 C2H2C2H4C2H6C2H5ClC2H5OHC2H4C2H5OHC2H5BrC2H4C2H5Br CH3CHO CH3COOH CH3COONH4CH3CHO C2H5OH CH3COOH CH3COOC2H5

CaC2C2H2C4H4C4H6C4H10CH4C2H2C6H6C6H5BrC6H5ONaC6H5OH C6H5ONa C2H6C2H4C2H4Br2C2H4C2H5Cl C2H5OH C2H5Cl C2H4 CH3COONaCH4HCHOCH3OHCH3Br CH3OH HCHO HCOOH CO2 C4H10CH4 CH3Cl CH3OH CH3Br CH3OH HCHO (NH4)2CO3 C2H5OH CH3COOH CH3COONa CH4 axetilen vinylaxetilen ivinylcao su butadien CH3OH CH3COOH CH3COONa CH4C2H2C2H3ClPVC PE C2H4 CH3CHOC2H5OHCH3COOH Dng 4: iu ch Cu 1: T acol etylic hy vit phng trnh iu ch mt s cht sau: axit axetic, andehit axetic, PVC, PE,phenol Cu 2: T butan, vit phng trnh iu ch cc cht sau:benzen, phenol, axitpicric, cao su butandien, etanol Cu 2: T kh thin nhin, vit phng trnh iu ch:ancol etylic,andehit fomic, axit fomic,PVC, phenol Cu 4: T mui Natri axetat vit phng trnh iu ch: brometan, divinyl,ancol metylic, PVC,benzen, brombenzen, phenol,666, 2 metylphenol, 4 metyl phenol, etilenglicol

Nhn bit: Ch v th t nhn bit: 1.Axit: Ch : 2.anco a chc c 2 nhm OH k nhau: 3.ank 1 in: 4.andehit: 5.ancol : 6.Anken, ankin, stiren: 7.ankan v benzen sau cng

dng qu tm axit fomic c th thc hin phn ng trng gng Cu(OH)2 dung dch mu xanh lam s dng AgNO3/NH3 Kt ta mu vng s dng AgNO3/NH3 d c kt ta trng s dng Na si bt kh s dng dung dch Br2 dung dch Br2 mt mu

Bi tp: Bng phng php ha hc hy nhn bit cc ha cht mt nhn sau y: Dng 1: ha cht khng gii hn a.HCHO, CH4, C2H2, C2H4 CH3CHO, xiclopropan,propin,propan c.but 1-in, but 2 in, butan, HCHO d.HCOOH, C2H5COOH, benzen, pen 1- in e.CH3COOH, propantriol, C2H5CHO,stiren f.axit fomic, propanal, axit axetic, etanol g.metanol, etandiol, axit fomic, pent 1 en h.axit fomic, hex 1 in, stiren, toluen i.axit axetic, ancol metylic, benzen, stiren k.toluen, benzen, stiren, propanal l.axit propanoic, phenol, hex 2- in, ancol etylic m.etilen glicol, axit fomic, propanal,hex 2 en, pent-1-in Dng 2: gii hn thuc th Bng 1 ha cht duy nht, hy trnh by phng php phn bit cc ha cht sau: Benzen, toluen, stiren axit fomic, hex-2-in, phenol, hexan Bi tp tng hp Bi 1:t chy hon ton mt hn hp hai HC cng ng ng lin tip nhau. Dn ton b hn hp i qua bnh ng Ca(OH)2 d th thy bnh tng 9,86g v thy xut hin 13g kt ta. Xc nh hai HC trn(CH4 v C2H6) Bi 2: A l hn hp gm hai anken lin tip nhau. Dn hn hp A i qua bnh ng dung dch Br2 th thy bnh tng 6,51g v c 24g brom tham gia phn ng. Xc nh hai anken trn.

Bi 3 a gam hn hp 2ankin lin tip nhau phn ng va vi 32g brom. Cn nu t chy a gam th thy
khi lng CO2 sinh ra nhiu hn khi lng nc l 7,52g.xc nh hai ankin trn

Bi 4 Dn x gam hn hp hai ankin lin tip nhau cho i qua dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d th thy xut hin
23,19g kt ta. Cn nu cho x gam hai ankin trn cho i vo dung dch brom th thy c 48g brom phn ng. xc nh hai ankin trn(C3H4 v C4H6) Ch : chia thnh hai trng hp ging bi ton andehit

Bi 5 t chy hon ton hn hp hai HC cng dy ng ng ankin lin tip nhau th cn 6,1824 lt O2. Mt
khc khi chuyn ha hon ton thnh ankan th cn 5,376 lt kh H2.xc nh CTPT(C2H2 v C3H4)

Bi 6 Dn hn hp gm hai HC lin tip nhau cng dy ng ng i qua bnh ng dung dch KMnO4 d th
thy bnh tng 7,35g. Cn nu khi em t chy ton b hn hp trn ta thu c 11,76 lt CO2 v 9,45g nc. Xc nh hai HC trn v gi tn cc ng phn ca chng. Xc nh xem ng phn no khi tc dng vi dung dch HBr th sinh ra ch mt sn phm duy nht.(C3H6 v C4H8)

Bi 7 t chy hon ton hn hp gm 1 ankan v 1 anken cng s nguyn t cacbon th ta thu c 10,08 lt
CO2 v 9,9g H2O.Mt khc, dn hn hp trn i qua bnh ng Brom d th thy c 8g brom phn ng. Xc nh hai HC trn(C3H8 v C3H6)

Bi 8 t chy hon ton 4,48 lt kh gm 1 anken v mt ankin th thu c 11,2 lt CO2 v 8,96 lt hi nc.
Bit chng hn km nhau mt nguyn t cacbon. Xc nh hai HC trn( C2H4 v C3H4)

Bi 9 Dn 2,24 lt mt hn hp gm 1anken v mt ankin i qua dung dch brom th cn 48g dung dch brom
50% tham gia phn ng. Cn nu dn ton b trn hn hp trn i qua bnh ng AgNO3/NH3 d th thy xut hin 8,15g kt ta. Bit chng c cng s nguyn t hidro. Xc nh hai cht trn.(C4H6 v C3H6)