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word polis which means a city or state SCIENCE: comes from the Latin word scire which means to know
POLITICAL THEORY body of doctrines relating to the origin, form, behavior and purposes of the state. PUBLIC LAW organization of the government and its powers and duties; limitation upon government authority.
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3.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION methods and techniques used in the actual management of state affairs.
To discover the principles that should be adhered to in public affairs and to study the operations of the government.
2.
Its findings can be used in seeking resolutions to immediate situations. To be able to deal with social and economic problems and other matters of public and private concerns.
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CONCEPT OF STATE
A community of persons more or less numerous, permanently occupying a definite portion of territory, having a government of their own, to which the great body of inhabitants render obedience and enjoying freedom from external control.
living within the state. 2. Territory the fixed portion of the surface of the earth inhabited by the people of the state. 3. Government the agency through which the will of the state is expressed and carried out. 4. Sovereignty the supreme power of the state to command and enforce obedience to its will from people and to have freedom from foreign control.
STATE
NATION
STATE
GOVERNMENT
principal abstraction
agent
FORMS of GOVERNMENT
As to number of persons exercising sovereign powers
Monarchy one in which the supreme and final authority is in the hands of a single person. 2. Aristocracy one in which political power is exercised by a few privileged class 3. Democracy one in which political power is exercised by a majority of people.
1.
As to relationship between the executive and the legislative branches of the government
Parliamentary government one in which the state confers upon the legislature the power to terminate the tenure of office of the real executive. 2. Presidential government one in which the state makes the executive independent of the legislature as regards his tenure, policies and acts.
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PRE-SPANISH GOVERNMENT
Barangay Datu Social classes Early laws
SPANISH PERIOD
Ferdinand Magellan (1521) Miguel Lopez de Legazpi (1566) Katipunan government (1892) Biak na Bato Republic (1897) Dictatorial government (1898)
Malolos Constitution
AMERICAN PERIOD
Treaty of Paris Military government (1898) Civil government (1901) Commonwealth government (1934)
JAPANESE PERIOD
Japanese Military Administration (1942) The Philippine Executive Commission The Japanese-sponsored Republic of the Philippines (1943)
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3. 4. 5. 6.
CONSTITUTION
is a written instrument by which the fundamental powers of the government are established, limited and defined by which these powers are distributed among the several departments/branches for the benefit of the people.
2. Basic Framework
Constitution is providing system to the government; assigning powers and duties to different government departments/branches; protecting the rights of individuals against arbitrary actions of the government.
As to contents
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CONSTITUTION a legislation direct from the people merely states the general framework of the law not merely to meet existing conditions but to govern the future the supreme or fundamental law
STATUTE a legislation from the peoples representatives provides the details of the subject it treats to meet existing conditions only
Malolos Constitution
September
15, 1898, Congress met in Malolos, Bulacan and framed the Malolos Constitution lasted only for a short period of time from January 23, 1899 to March 23, 1901
1935 Constitution
March
24, 1934 Pres. Roosevelt authorized the calling of a constitutional convention to draft a constitution of the Philippines March 23, 1935 Pres. Roosevelt approved the Constitution. May 14, 1935 Filipinos ratified the Constitution
1973 Constitution
March 16, 1967 Congress authorized the holding of a constitutional convention June 1, 1971 the convention started to rewrite the Constitution November 30, 1972 the proposed Constitution was signed September 21, 1972 Pre. Marcos placed the entire country under martial law January 17, 1973 Filipinos ratified the Constitution
Freedom Constitution
February 22-25, 1986 - 4 day people power revolt March 25, 1986 - Freedom Constitution was promulgated
1987 Constitution
April 23, 1986 - Constitutional Commission was created to draft the proposed Constitution June 2, 1986 - the Constitutional Commission convened October 15, 1986 - draft of the Constitution was finished February 2, 1987 - the 1987 Constitution was ratified by the people on a plebiscite