ALLPORTS THEORY OF PERSONALITY

RATHEESH K K ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, OCTE, CALICUT

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TRAIT APPROACH
PERSONALITY IS VIEWED IN TERMS OF SEVERAL TRAITS TRAIT RELATIVELY PERMANENT CONSISTENT GENERAL BEHAVIOR PATTERN THAT AN INDIVIDUAL EXBITS IN MOST SITUATIONS.

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 BASIC UNITS OF ONES PERSONALITY DISCOVERED THROUGH OBSERVING BEHAVIOR IN VARIETY SITUATIONS

INDIVIDUAL IS COMBINATION OF SUM TOTOAL OF PERSONALITY TRIATS CAN BE INBORN OR DEVELOPED

COSISSTNETLY DIRECTS THE BEHAVIOR

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 EACH INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPS DISTICTIVE SETS OF TRAIT IN HIS LIFE NUMBER ANT GRATIVITY DIFERS FROM INDIVIDUALTO INDIVIDUAL SO PERSONALITY IS UNIQUE

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TWO TRAIT THEORIES

A. B. ALLPORTS CATTELS

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Gordon Allport
1897 - 1967

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ALLPORTS THEORY OF PERSONALITY

TRAIT -BASIC UNIT OF PERSONALITY USED THE TERM PERSONAL DISPOSTION TO REPRESENT TRAIT A TRAIT IS MORE GENERALIZED THAN A HABIT A TRAIT IS DYNAMIC, OR AT LEAST DETERMINISTIC OF BEHAVIOR A TRAITS EXISTENCE MAY BE ESTABLISHED EMPIRICALLY
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 A TRAIT IS ONLY RELATIVELY INDEPENDENT OF OTHER TRAITS

HE DISTINGUISHED THREE TYPES OF TRAITS 1. CARDINAL 2. CENTRAL 3. SECONDARY

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 PERSONALITY IS A DYANMIC ORGANISATION WITHIN THE INDIVIDUAL OF THOSE PSYCOPHYSICAL SYSTEMS THAT DETERMINE HIS UNIQUE ADJUSTMENT TO HIS ENVIORNMENT PEROSNALITY IS AN ORGANISED WHOLE IT UNDERGOES CHANGES AND MODIFICATIONS
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INCLUDES TWO SYSTEM 1 PSYCHOLOGICAL 2. PHYSICAL EACH INDIVIDUAL BEHAVES IN HIS OWN WAY. SO ADJUSTMENT IS UNIQUE.

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CARDINAL TRAITS
PRIMARY TRAITS SO DOMINANT IN PERSONAL DISPOSTION THAT THEY COLOUR EVERY ASPECT OF ONES BEHAVIOR VERY RARE ONLY AFEW PEOPLE POSSESS THEM IT IS REFLECTS EACH AND EVERY ACTITVITY OF THE INDIVIUAL
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 OVERRULE OTHER TRAITS EG. HUMAROUS PERSON BRINGS SENSE OF HUMOR MOST SITUATIONS

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CENTRAL TRAIT
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS THAT FORM THE BASIC FOUNATION OF THE PERSONALITY. NOT DOMINATING AS CARDINAL CHARACTERISTICS WHICH CAN BE USED TO DESCRIBE ONES PERSONALITY EG; HONESTY, KINDNESS

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SECONDARY TRAITS
NOT DOMINANT AS CARDINAL OR CENTRAL CHARACTERISTICS RELATED TO ONES PERFOMANCE AND ATTITUTES APPEAR ONLY IN SOME SITUATIONS RELATIVELY WEAK EG ; ANXIOUS TO SPEAK TO MASS

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 CARDINAL TRAINTS COMBINED WITH A FEW CENTRAL TRAITS FORM THE CORE OF CHARACTERISTIC TRAIT RESPONSIBLE FOR GIVING UNIQUENESS OT ONES PERSONALITY

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THANKS.
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