ANALYZE THE CONCEPT,

ASPECTS AND CHANGES

OF CULTURE AND
SOCIETY
• Analyze the concept
of culture and society.
• Determine the aspects
and changes of culture
and society.
_UL_U_E
Let us know what is CULTURE?

•Culture refers to a group or

community which shares common
experiences that shape the way
its members understand the
world.
Through culture, people and groups
define themselves, conform to
society's shared values, and
contribute to society.

Culture is a strong part of

people's lives.

The major elements of culture are

symbols, language, norms, values,
and artifacts.
 SYMBOLS
ARTIFACTS
•
•

Major
VALUES ELEMENTS
of Culture
•

LANGUAG
•
E
NORMS
•
 • CULTURAL ARTIFACT OF ARTEFACTS IS A TERM USED IN THE SOCIAL
SCIENCES, PARTICULARLY ANTHROPOLOGY, ETHNOLOGY, AND SOCIOLOGY
FOR ANYTHING CREATED BY HUMANS WHICH GIVES INFORMATION ABOUT THE
CULTURE OF ITS CREATOR AND USERS.
• ARTIFACTS ARE SUCH VALUABLE TOOLS FOR EXPLORING THE PAST AND USING
THEM TO UNDERSTAND THE PAST.
• HUMAN VALUES ARE ESSENTIAL IN OUR LIFE BECAUSE THEY HELP US TO
GROW AND DEVELOP. IT IS A PERSON’S STANDARDS OF BEHAVIOUR,
PRINCIPLES AND OWN JUDGEMENT. SOME OF THE VALUES, HUMAN
TREASURES ARE HONESTY, LOVE, HAPPINESS AND INTEGRITY.
 • SOCIAL AND CULTURAL NORMS ARE RULES OR EXPECTATIONS
OF BEHAVIOUR AND THOUGHTS BASED ON SHARED BELIEFS
WITHIN A SPECIFIC CULTURAL OR SOCIAL GROUP.
• SOCIAL CHANGE - VARIATIONS OR MODIFICATIONS IN
PATTERNS OF SOCIAL ORGANISATION OF SUB GROUPS WITHIN
SOCIETY.
• CULTURAL CHANGE - REFERS TO ALL ALTERATIONS AFFECTING
NEW TRAITS OR TRAIT COMPLEXES AND CHANGES IN A
CULTURES CONTENT AND STRUCTURE.
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OBJECTIVE:
WHAT IS CULTURAL RELATIVISM?

The view that a culture can only be understood and judged by the standards,
Behaviors , norms, and values within the culture and not by anything outside.

Cultural relativism in anthropology is a key methodological concept which is

universally accepted within the discipline. This concept is based on theoretical
considerations which are key to the understanding of "scientific" anthropology
as they are key to the understanding of the anthropological frame of mind.
Cultural relativism is an anthropological approach which posit that all cultures
are of equal value and need to be studied from a neutral point of view.
IMPORTANT POINTS:
THE STUDY OF A AND/OR ANY CULTURE has to be done with a
cold and neutral eye so that a particular culture can be
understood as its own merits and not another culture’s.
Historically, cultural relativism has had a twin theoretical
approach, historical particularism. This is the notion that the
proper way to study culture is to study one culture in depth.
The implications of cultural relativism and historical
particularism have been significant to anthropology and to the
social sciences in general.
Eating habits: The eating of animals like horse and dog are
frowned upon in some cultures but accepted in others. A
cultural relativist would defend each culture’s right to set
their own moral rules here.
Child Labor: Whereas developed nations tend to see
child labor as inappropriate, people in developing
countries often see it as a necessity for family survival.
THE IMPORTANCE OF UNDERSTANDING CULTURAL
RELATIVISM IS TO KNOW ONE'S OWN CULTURE.

Understanding this perspective of cultural relativism leads to the

view that no culture is superior than another culture and the idea
that culture can be compared in terms of law, politics, and systems
has no bases at all. The concept that a person's beliefs, values, and
practices should be understood based on that person's own culture,
rather than be judged against the criteria of another. Cultural
relativism cannot be used to evaluate other cultures based on the
ideas you believe in.
THANK
YOU!